2015 VOLVO XC70 traction

07 During your trip
Towing a trailer
07
304
NOTE
•When parking the vehicle with a trailer on a hill, apply the parking brakebefore putting the gear selector in
P.
Always follow the trailer manufactur-er's recommendations for wheelchocking.
• When starting on a hill, put the gearselector in
D before releasing the park-
ing brake.
• If you use the manual (Geartronic) shiftpositions while towing a trailer, makesure the gear you select does not puttoo much strain on the engine (usingtoo high a gear).
• The drawbar assembly/trailer hitchmay be rated for trailers heavier thanthe vehicle is designed to tow. Pleaseadhere to Volvo's recommended trailerweights.
• Avoid driving with a trailer on inclinesof more than 15%.
Trailer cableAn adapter is required if the vehicle's trailer hitch has a 13-pin connector and the trailerhas 7 pins. Use an adapter cable approvedby Volvo. Make sure the cable does not dragon the ground.
Detachable trailer hitch (accessory) 1
A
C
EDBG010496
Ball holder
Locking bolt
Cotter pin
Hitch assembly
Safety wire attachment
Installing the ball holder1. If necessary, remove the cotter pin from
the locking bolt and slide the locking bolt out of the hitch assembly.
2. Slide the ball holder into the hitch assem- bly. 3. Align the hole in the ball holder with the
one in the hitch assembly.
4. Slide the locking bolt through the hitch assembly/ball holder.
5. Insert the cotter pin in the hole at the end of the locking bolt.
Removing the ball holder1. Remove the cotter pin from the lockingbolt and slide the locking bolt out of theball holder/hitch assembly.
2. Pull the ball holder out of the hitch assembly.
NOTE
A cover for the hitch assembly is also included in the kit.
Trailer Stability Assist (TSA)
Trailer Stability Assist is a system designed to help stabilize a vehicle that is towing a trailerwhen the vehicle and trailer have begun tosway and is part of the Dynamic Stability andTraction Control system (DSTC). See page152 for information on DSTC.
1Check with your retailer for availability of the Volvo accessory trailer hitch

08 Wheels and tires
General information
08
}}
311
process. The temporary spare
1
should also
be replaced at 6-year intervals, even if it has never been used. A tire's age can be determined by the DOT stamp on the sidewall (see the illustration). A tire with e.g., visible cracks or discoloration should be replaced immediately.
Tread wear indicator
G021829
The tires have wear indicator strips running across or parallel to the tread. The letters TWI
are printed on the side of the tire. Whenapproximately 1/16" (1.6 mm) is left on thetread, these strips become visible and indi-cate that the tire should be replaced. Tires with less than 1/16" (1.6 mm) tread offer verypoor traction. When replacing worn tires, it is recommended that the tire be identical in type (radial) andsize as the one being replaced. Using a tire ofthe same make (manufacturer) will preventalteration of the driving characteristics of thevehicle.
Improving tire economy
•
Maintain correct tire pressure. See the tire inflation table on page 316.
• Drive smoothly: avoid fast starts, hardbraking and tire screeching.
• Tire wear increases with speed.
• Correct front wheel alignment is veryimportant.
• Unbalanced wheels impair tire economyand driving comfort.
• Tires must maintain the same direction ofrotation throughout their lifetime.
• When replacing tires, the tires with themost tread should be mounted on therear wheels to reduce the chance of over-steer during hard braking.
• Hitting curbs or potholes can damage thetires and/or wheels permanently.
Summer and winter tires
G021778
The arrows shows the direction of rotation of the tire
• When switching between summer and winter tires, mark the tires to indicatewhere they were mounted on the car,e.g., LF = left front, RR = right rear
• Tires with tread designed to roll in onlyone direction are marked with an arrowon the sidewall.
• Incorrectly mounted tires impair the car'sbraking properties and ability to forceaside rain, snow and slush.
1
Option or accessory on some models

08 Wheels and tires
Tire designations
08
318
10.Maximum Load : Indicates the maximum
load in pounds and kilograms that can be carried by the tire. Refer to the vehicle'stire information placard located on the B-Pillar for the correct tire pressure for yourvehicle.
11. Treadwear, Traction, and Temperature grades
: see page 322 for more informa-
tion.
12. Maximum permissible inflationpressure:
the greatest amount of air
pressure that should ever be put in the tire. This limit is set by the tire manufac-turer.

08 Wheels and tires
Uniform Tire Quality Grading
08
322
Quality grading information
ALL PASSENGER VEHICLE TIRES MUST CONFORM TO FEDERAL SAFETYREQUIREMENTS IN ADDITION TO THESEGRADES Quality grades can be found, where appli- cable, on the tire sidewall between thetread shoulder and maximum sectionwidth. For example: Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A
TREADWEARThe treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tes-ted under controlled conditions on a specifiedgovernment test course. For example, a tiregraded 150 would wear one and one half(1 1/2) times as well on the governmentcourse as a tire graded 100. The relative per-formance of tires depends upon the actualconditions of their use, however, and manydepart significantly from the norm due to var-iation in driving habits, maintenance practicesand differences in road characteristics andclimate.
TRACTIONThe traction grades, from highest to lowest,are AA, A, B, and C, as measured under con-trolled conditions on specified governmenttest surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tiremarked C may have poor traction perform-ance. The traction grade assigned to this tireis based on braking (straight-ahead) tractiontests and is not a measure of cornering (turn-ing) traction.
WARNING
The traction grade assigned to this tire is based on braking (straight-ahead) tractiontests and is not a measure of cornering(turning) traction.
TEMPERATUREThe temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire's resistance tothe generation of heat and its ability to dissi-pate heat when tested under controlled con-ditions on a specified indoor laboratory testwheel. Sustained high temperature can causethe material of the tire to degenerate andreduce tire life, and excessive temperaturecan lead to sudden tire failure. The grade Ccorresponds to a minimum level of perform-ance that all passenger vehicle tires mustmeet under the Federal Motor Safety Stand-ard No. 109. Grades B and A represent higherlevels of performance on the laboratory testwheel than the minimum required by law.
WARNING
The temperature grade for this tire is established for a tire that is properly infla-ted and not overloaded. Excessive speed,under-inflation, or excessive loading, eitherseparately or in combination, can causeheat buildup and tire failure.

08 Wheels and tires
Snow chains, snow tires, studded tires
08
323
Winter driving conditions
Snow chainsSnow chains can be used on your Volvo with the following restrictions:• Snow chains should be installed on front wheels only. Use only Volvo approvedsnow chains.
• If accessory, aftermarket or "custom"tires and wheels are installed and are of asize different than the original tires andwheels, chains in some cases CANNOTbe used. Sufficient clearances betweenchains and brakes, suspension and bodycomponents must be maintained.
• Some strap-on type chains will interferewith brake components and thereforeCANNOT be used.
• All Wheel Drive models
: Snow chains
should only be installed on the frontwheels.
• Certain size tires may not allow theassembly of snow chains/traction devi-ces.
Consult your Volvo retailer for additional
snow chain information.
CAUTION
• Check local regulations regarding the use of snow chains before installing.
• Use single-sided snow chains only.
• Always follow the chain manufactur-er's installation instructions carefully.Install chains as tightly as possible andretighten periodically.
• Never exceed the chain manufactur-er's specified maximum speed limit.(Under no circumstances should youexceed 31 mph (50 km/h).
• Avoid bumps, holes or sharp turnswhen driving with snow chains.
• The handling of the vehicle can beadversely affected when driving withchains. Avoid fast or sharp turns aswell as locked wheel braking.
Snow tires, studded tires 1
Tires for winter use:
•
Owners who live in or regularly commute through areas with sustained periods ofsnow or icy driving conditions arestrongly advised to fit suitable winter tires to help retain the highest degree of trac-tion.
• It is important to install winter tires on allfour wheels to help retain traction duringcornering, braking, and accelerating. Fail-ure to do so could reduce traction to anunsafe level or adversely affect handling.
• Do not mix tires of different design as thiscould also negatively affect overall tireroad grip.
• Winter tires wear more quickly on dryroads in warm weather. They should beremoved when the winter driving seasonhas ended.
• Studded tires should be run-in 300 – 600 miles (500 – 1000 km) during whichthe vehicle should be driven as smoothlyas possible to give the studs the opportu-nity to seat properly in the tires. The tiresshould have the same rotational directionthroughout their entire lifetime.
NOTE
Please consult state or provincial regula- tions restricting the use of studded wintertires before installing such tires.
1
Where permitted

11 Index
11
398
D
Daytime running lights............................... 99
Defroster.................................................. 221
Detachable key blade.......................... 64, 67DimensionsXC70................................................... 384
Disconnecting the front passenger’s air-
bag....................................................... 26, 27
Distance Alert.......................................... 169
Dome lighting................................... 104, 105
Door mirrors............................................. 112
Driver alert............................................... 188 Lane Departure Warning..................... 190
Driver distraction warning.......................... 13
Driving economically................................ 284
Driving in cold weather............................ 286
Driving through water.............................. 285
E
ECC......................................... 218, 220, 222
Eco (driving function)............................... 134
Eco coast................................................. 134 Eco guide................................................. 132
Economical driving.................................. 284
Electrically heated steering wheel............. 98
Electric parking brake.............................. 144
Electronic Climate Control....... 218, 220, 222
air distribution table............................ 224
Interior Air Quality System.................. 222
ventilated seats................................... 218
Emergency locking retractor...................... 38
Emergency starting.................................. 125
Emergency towing................................... 306
Emission inspection readiness................ 342Engine overheating........................................... 84
specifications...................................... 387
Start/Stop........................................... 137
starting................................................ 122
switching off....................................... 125
Engine compartment overview................ 344
Engine oil................................................. 388 checking............................................. 346
low pressure warning light.................... 83
volumes.............................................. 389
Engine remote start (ERS)........................ 124
Environment............................................... 12 Eyelets for anchoring loads..................... 295
F
Federal Clean Air Act............................... 340 Flat tires
repairing with tire sealing system....... 325
Floor mats cleaning.............................................. 377
placing correctly................................. 122
Floor rails................................................. 295
Fluid specifications.................................. 389
Fog lights................................................... 83 rear...................................................... 103
Four C (active chassis system)................ 232
Front airbags.............................................. 22 disconnecting passenger’s side air-
bag.................................................. 26, 27
Front park assist.............................. 193, 195
Front seats........................................... 90, 92 heated................................................. 218
Fuel filler cap........................................... 291
Fuel filler door, opening........................... 290
Fuel level warning light.............................. 83

11 Index
11
403
Start inhibitor (immobilizer)........................ 60
Steel grid in cargo area............................ 299
Steering wheel adjusting............................................... 97
heated................................................... 98
horn....................................................... 97
keypad.................................. 97, 209, 241
Steering wheel paddles............................. 97
Stone chips, touching up......................... 377
Storage spaces........................................ 233
Studded tires........................................... 323
Sunroof (moonroof).................................. 117
Sun shade................................................ 110
Supplemental restraint system.................. 21 warning light......................................... 84
Symbols, overview................................... 391
T
Tailgate driving with it open............................. 284
locking/unlocking.................................. 72 power operated.................................. 293
wiper/washer...................................... 108
Tailgate wipers......................................... 357
Taillights, changing bulbs........................ 353Temperature sensor ambient................................................. 85
Temporary spare tire............................... 324
Three-way catalytic converter................. 291
Tire designations..................................... 317
Tire inflation pressure.............................. 316
Tire Pressure Monitoring System.... 334, 335 indicator light........................................ 83
Tires......................................................... 310 age...................................................... 310
changing from summer to winter........ 311
glossary of terms................................ 319
improving economy............................ 311
inflation pressure................................ 313
inflation pressure table....................... 316
load ratings......................................... 315
rotation............................................... 310
Self-supporting run flat tires (SST)..... 336
snow................................................... 323
spare................................................... 324
specifications...................................... 314
speed ratings...................................... 314 storing................................................. 312
studded............................................... 323
tire pressure monitoring system......... 334
tire sealing system.............................. 325
tread wear indicator............................ 311
uniform tire quality grading................. 322
Tire sealing system.................................. 325 Top tether anchors (child restraint sys-
tems).......................................................... 50
Touching up paint.................................... 377
Towing a trailer................................ 303, 304 trailer hitch.......................................... 304
Towing the vehicle................................... 306
Traction control........................................ 152
Trailer towing................................... 303, 304 trailer hitch.......................................... 304
Transmission general description..................... 127, 128
Hill Start Assist................................... 127
oil........................................................ 389
shiftlock override................................ 130
Tread wear indicator................................ 311
Trip computer.......................................... 225
Trip odometers.......................................... 86
Trips, long distance................................. 286