Avoid full throttle and high speeds
Fuel consumption will be halved if only three-quarters of the possible top
speed of your vehicle is used.
Reducing idling
When the engine is switched off, such as when waiting in a traffic jam, the fuel economy is already greater after 30 - 40 s than the fuel quantity which is re-
quired for engine re-start.
Avoid short distances
When driving a short distance of less than about 4 km, the engine cannot
reach its operating temperature. As long as the engine has not reached oper-
ating temperature, the fuel consumption is significantly higher than with the
engine hot.
Pay attention to the correct tyre inflation pressure being maintained
Further information » page 191.
Avoid unnecessary ballast
Per 100 kg of weight, consumption increases by about 1 l/100 km. At a speed of
100 - 120 km/h, a vehicle fitted with a roof rack cross member without a load
will use about 10 % more fuel than normal due to the increased aerodynamic
drag.
Saving electricity
Electrical consumers (e.g. seat heating, air conditioning and the like) only turn
on for as long as necessary.
Driving through water and driving off of made-up roads
Introduction
This chapter contains information on the following subjects:
Driving through water
141
Driving off paved roads
142WARNINGImmediately after driving through water, mud, slush and the like, braking
effectiveness will be temporarily impaired » page 135, Information on brak-
ing . For this reason, sudden and violent braking manoeuvres are to be
avoided - there is a risk of accident!Driving through waterFig. 132
Maximum permissible water lev-
el when driving through water
Read and observe on page 141 first.
The following must be observed to avoid damage to the vehicle when driving through bodies of water (e.g. flooded roads).
›
Therefore determine the depth of the water before driving through bodies of
water.
The water level must not reach above the web of the lower beam » Fig. 132.
›
Do not drive any faster than at a walking speed.
At a higher speed, a water wave can form in front of the vehicle which can
cause water to penetrate into the air induction system of the engine or into
other parts of the vehicle.
›
Never stop in the water, do not reverse and do not switch the engine off.
CAUTION
■ Should water penetrate into the intake system of the engine, there is a
threat of serious damage being incurred by the engine parts!■
When driving through water, some vehicle parts such as chassis, electrics or
transmission can be severely damaged.
■
Oncoming vehicles can generate water waves which can exceed the permis-
sible water level for your vehicle.
■
Potholes, mud or rocks can be hidden under the water, making it difficult or
impossible to drive through the body of water.
■
Do not drive through salt water, as the salt can cause corrosion. An vehicle
coming into contact with salt water is to be thoroughly rinsed with fresh wa-
ter.
141Starting-off and Driving
Driving off paved roadsRead and observe
on page 141 first.
Only drive on such roads and in such terrain, which match the vehicle parame-ters » page 222 , Technical data as well as your driving skills.
The driver is always responsible for deciding whether the vehicle can handle
travelling in the given terrain.
When travelling off paved roads, we recommend activating the OFF ROAD
mode » page 144 .
WARNINGDrive particularly aware and pro-actively outside paved roads.■Always adjust your driving to the current terrain and weather conditions.
Excessive speed or incorrect driving manoeuvres can cause damage to the
vehicle and lead to serious injuries.■
Objects trapped under the floor of the vehicle can damage the fuel lines,
the brake system, the seals and other parts of the chassis. Check the un-
derside of the vehicle and remove the trapped objects.
■
Combustible objects such as dry leaves or twigs caught under the base of
the vehicle could ignite on hot vehicle parts - risk of fire!
CAUTION
■ Pay attention to the ground clearance of the vehicle! When driving over ob-
jects which are larger than the ground clearance, the chassis and its compo-
nents can get damaged.■
Drive slowly in unknown terrain and watch out for unexpected obstacles,
such as potholes, rocks, stumps, etc.
■
Check up on confusing sections of unpaved roads before travelling on them
and consider whether such travelling is possible without risk.
Assist systems
Braking and stabilisation systems
Introduction
This chapter contains information on the following subjects:
Electronic Stability Control (ESC)
143
Antilock Braking System (ABS)
143
Traction Control System (TCS)
143
Electronic Differential Lock (EDL)
143
Driver Steering Recommendation (DSR)
144
Hydraulic Brake Assist (HBA)
144
Hill Hold Control (HHC)
144
Trailer stabilisation (TSA)
144
This chapter deals with the functions of the braking and stabilisation systems,
with the error indicator referred to in chapter » page 34, Warning lights .
The braking and stabilisation systems are automatically activated each time
the ignition is switched on.
WARNING■ A lack of fuel can cause irregular engine running or cause the engine to
shut down. The brake assist systems would then fail to function – risk of
accident!■
The increased safety provided by the brake assist systems must not
tempt you to take safety risks – risk of accident!
■
Adjust the speed and driving style to the current visibility, weather, road
and traffic conditions.
142Driving
Electronic Stability Control (ESC)Fig. 133
Press the ESC system: Activat-
ing/deactivating TCS
Read and observe on page 142 first.
The ESC improves vehicle stability in dynamic driving situations, such as when
the vehicle starts to skid.
The ESC monitors whether the desired direction of the current vehicle motion
is occurring. In case of any deviation (e.g. over steer), the ESC automatically
brakes individual wheels to maintain the desired direction.
During an intervention of the system, the indicator light flashes in the in-
strument cluster.
The ESC system cannot be deactivated. The
» Fig. 133 button can only be
used to deactivate the TCS » page 143.
The warning light lights up in the instrument cluster when the ASR is deacti-
vated.
Antilock Braking System (ABS)
Read and observe
on page 142 first.
ABS prevents the wheels locking when braking. Thus helping the driver to
maintain control of the vehicle.
The intervention of the ABS is noticeable from the pulsating movements of
the brake pedal which is accompanied by noises.
When the ABS system is active, do not brake periodically or reduce the pres- sure on the brake pedal.
Traction Control System (TCS)Fig. 134
Button for the TCS system: TCS
disable / enable (vehicle without
ESC)
Read and observe on page 142 first.
TCS prevents the spinning of the wheels of the driven axle. TCS reduces the
drive power transmitted to the wheels in the case of slipping wheels. Thus, for
example, driving on road surfaces with low grip is made easier.
If your vehicle is fitted with the ESC system, the ASR is integrated into the ESC
system » page 143 .
During a TCS intervention, the indicator light flashes in the instrument clus-
ter.
The TCS should normally always be enabled. The system should be deactivated
only in the following situations, for example.
› When driving with snow chains.
› When driving in deep snow or on a very loose surface.
› When it is necessary to “rock” a car free when it has become stuck.
The ASR can be deactivated via the
» Fig. 134 symbol button.
The warning light lights up in the instrument cluster when the ASR is deacti-
vated.
Electronic Differential Lock (EDL)
Read and observe
on page 142 first.
EDL prevents the turning of the respective wheel of the driven axle. EDL
brakes the spinning wheel, if necessary, and transmits the driving force to the
other driving wheel. Driving becomes easier on road surfaces with different
traction under each wheel of the driven axle.
143Assist systems
WARNING■A lack of fuel can cause irregular engine running or cause the engine to
shut down. This would lead the OFF ROAD mode to lose its effectiveness -
risk of accident!■
The increased safety offered by the OFF ROAD mode must not tempt you
to take greater risks than otherwise - risk of an accident!
■
Adjust the speed and driving style to the current visibility, weather, road
and traffic conditions.
CAUTION
■ The OFF ROAD mode is not designed for the use on common roads.■All four wheels must be fitted with the same tyres approved by the manufac-
turer to ensure theOFF ROAD mode operates correctly.
Operation
Fig. 135
OFF ROAD button
Read and observe and on page 145 first.
We recommend that you activate the OFF ROAD mode for every trip on non-
paved roads.
Activating
›
Press the symbol button
» Fig. 135 .
The symbol in the button comes on.
Deactivate
›
Press the symbol key
» Fig. 135 or turn the ignition off.
The symbol in the button is no longer illuminated.
So that an engagement of the OFF ROAD mode can take place, the following
conditions must be met.
The OFF ROAD mode is enabled.
The vehicle is moving at a speed of less than 30 km/h.
The warning light
illuminates in the instrument cluster.
The following functions are integrated in the OFF ROAD mode. › Downhill Drive Support
» page 145.
› TCS OFF ROAD
» page 146.
› EDL OFF ROAD
» page 146.
› ABS OFF ROAD
» page 146.
› Start-Off Assistant
» page 146.
Note
If the engine stalls while driving and is started again within 30 seconds, then
OFF ROAD mode will be automatically activated.
Hill Descent Assistant
Read and observe
and on page 145 first.
The hill descent assistant (hereinafter referred to as assistant), with its auto-
matic braking action on all wheels, ensures a constant speed on a steep slope
when driving forwards and reversing.
The assistant is automatically engaged under the following conditions. The vehicle engine is running. 1st, 2nd or 3rd gear, reverse gear or no gear
is engaged and the selector lever is in position R, N, D, S or Tiptronic.
The downhill gradient is at least 10 % (when driving over sleepers, the lim-
it can briefly drop to 8 %).
Neither the accelerator nor the brake pedal is operated.
During an intervention of the Assistants, the warning light flashes in the in-
strument cluster.
The assistant holds the vehicle speed at which the vehicle was travelling when
it entered the slope.
By pressing the accelerator or brake pedal, the speed can be increased or re-
duced. This is true even if the shift lever is in the neutral position and the se-
lector lever in the N position. The engagement of the assistant is resumed af-
ter the pedal is released.
145Assist systems
For vehicles with manual transmission, the speed is maintained as follows.
› 1 gear - approx. 8 1)
- 30 km/h
› 2 gear - approx. 13 1 )
- 30 km/h
› 3 gear - approx. 22 1 )
- 30 km/h
› Reverse gear - approx. 9 1 )
- 30 km/h
› Neutral for driving forwards - as well as driving backwards - approx. 2 - 30
km/h
On vehicles with automatic transmission, the speed is maintained as follows.
› Position D, S, R or Tiptronic (for 1st, 2nd or 3rd gear) - approx. 2 - 30 km / h;
› Neutral for driving forwards - as well as reversing - approx. 2 - 30 km/hWARNINGFor the correct operation of the assistant the road surface must be suffi-
ciently adherent. The assistant cannot properly fulfil its function on slushy
soil due to physical reasons (e.g. ice or mud). - there is a risk of an accident!
Note
During an active intervention of the assistant, the brake lights do not light up.
TCSOFF ROAD
Read and observe
and on page 145 first.
The ASR OFF ROAD makes starting and driving on an unpaved surface easier
as it partially allows wheel-spin.
Note
When disabled, the TCS » Fig. 133 on page 143 OFF ROAD mode works without
the support of the TCS OFF ROAD.
EDS OFF ROAD
Read and observe
and on page 145 first.
The EDS supports OFF ROAD vehicle traction when driving on a surface withdifferent grip under the drive wheels or when driving over bumps.
A spinning wheel or wheels are braked earlier and with more force than with
the intervention of the standard EDS system.
ABS OFF ROAD
Read and observe
and on page 145 first.
The ABS OFF ROAD supports the driver when braking on an unpaved surface
such as gravel, snow, etc.
The system generated by a controlled locking of the wheels braked wheel be-
fore a “wedge” of piled material, which shortens the braking distance.
The system is only available, if the front wheels are in the straight-ahead posi-
tion.
The system operates at speeds of up to 50 km/h.
Start-Off Assistant 2)
Read and observe
and on page 145 first.
The Start-Off assistant assists the driver when setting off, such as on a steep
slope or on a slippery surface. When the driver presses the accelerator, the
maximum engine speed is electronically limited so that a gentle approach is
possible.
Parking aid
Introduction
This chapter contains information on the following subjects:
Function
147
Shown in the infotainment display
148
Activation/deactivation
148
The parking aid (hereinafter referred to only as system) draws attention via
acoustic signals or the Infotainment- or radio display 3)
when manoeuvring
around obstacles in the vicinity of the vehicle.
1)
The indicated values represent the average of the lower speed limits if a gear is engaged (depending on
the type of gearbox or engine).
2)
Only for vehicles with a petrol engine and manual transmission.
3)
Description of the display on the radio display » Radio instruction manual .
146Driving
The system uses ultrasound waves to calculate the distance between the
bumper and an obstacle. The ultrasonic sensors are, depending on vehicle
equipment, located in the back or in the front bumper » Fig. 137 on page 147 .WARNING■
The system only serves to support and does not relieve the driver of the
responsibility for the vehicle operation.■
Moving persons or objects may not be recognized by the system sensors.
■
Under certain circumstances, surfaces of certain objects and types of
clothing cannot reflect the system signals. For this reason, such people or
objects may not be recognised by the system sensors.
■
External noise sources may affect the signals of the system sensors. Un-
der adverse conditions, this may cause objects or people not to be recog-
nised by the system.
■
Before reversing, you should make sure that there are no small obstacles,
such as rocks, thin posts, trailer drawbars etc. in front or behind your vehi-
cle. Such obstacles may not be recognised by the system sensors.
CAUTION
■ Keep the system sensors » Fig. 137 on page 147 clean, snow-and ice-free
and do not cover with any objects of any kind, otherwise the system function-
ing may be impaired.■
Under adverse weather conditions (heavy rain, water vapour, very low or
high temperatures etc.), the system function may be limited - “incorrect recog-
nition of obstacle”.
■
Additionally installed accessories such as e.g. bicycle carriers can impair the
system function.
FunctionFig. 136
Sampled areas and range of the sensors / system button (Ver-
sion 2, 3)
Fig. 137
Location of the ultrasonic sensors: front / rear
Read and observe
and on page 147 first.
Depending on the equipment, the following system versions can ex-
ist » Fig. 136 .
› Version 1: warns of obstacles in the areas
C
,
D
.
› Version 2: warns of obstacles in the regions
A
,
B
,
C
,
D
.
› Version 3: warns of obstacles in the regions
A
,
B
,
C
,
D
,
E
.
147Assist systems
Approximate range of sensors (in cm)Area » Fig. 136Version 1
(4 sensors)Version 2
(8 sensors)Version 3
(12 sensors)A-120120B-6060C160160160D606060E--60
Audible signals
The interval between the acoustic signals becomes shorter as the clearance is
reduced. A continuous tone sounds from a distance of approx. 30 cm - danger
area. From this moment on do not continue driving!
Towing a trailer
On vehicles equipped with a factory-fitted towing device, only system areas
A
and
B
» Fig. 136 are active when towing a trailer.
Note
■
If with Version 3 vehicles not all fields around the vehicle are active after ac-
tivation the vehicle should be moved forwards or backwards.■
The signal tones for front obstacle recognition are factory-set to be higher
than for rear obstacle recognition.
■
The sound of the park-assist can be adjusted via the MAXI DOT display in the
Assistants menu option » page 47.
Shown in the infotainment display
Fig. 138
Display
Read and observe and on page 147 first.
Function keys and obstacle warning » Fig. 138
Change to rear-view camera display .
Switching off park assistant display. Switching audible parking signals on / off.
Message: Look! Safe to move?
An area without detected obstacles is shown as a transparent segment.
An obstacle which is currently outside of the collision area is shown by the
yellow segment
An obstacle in the collision zone is shown as an orange-coloured segment.
Stop driving in the direction of an obstacle!
Activation/deactivation
Read and observe
and on page 147 first.
The system is automatically activated by selecting reverse gear or pressing
the symbol button
» Fig. 136 on page 147 .
This is confirmed by a short acoustic signal ( the symbol in the button is lit).
On vehicles with Version 1, the system can be deactivated by moving out of re-
verse gear.
For vehicles with the Version 2 and 3 the system is automatically deactivated
by pressing the symbol key or at a speed over 15 km / h (the symbol
in the
button goes out).
Fault display
If a warning signal sounds for about 3 seconds after activating the system and
there is no obstacle close to your car, this indicates a system fault. The fault is
also indicated by the symbol flashing in the button. Seek help from a spe-
cialist garage.
Note
The system can only be activated with the symbol key at a speed of below
15 km / hr. ABC148Driving
Optical Parking Assistant (Rear view camera)
Introduction
This chapter contains information on the following subjects:
Operation
149
Orientation lines and function keys
150
Optical Parking Assistant (hereinafter referred to as system) shows the area to
the rear of the vehicle monitored by the camera in the infotainment dis-
play » Fig. 139 on page 149 .
WARNING■
The system only serves to support and does not relieve the driver of the
responsibility for the vehicle operation.■
Make sure that the camera lens is not dirty or covered, otherwise the sys-
tem function can be significantly impaired. For information on clean-
ing » page 173 , Camera lens
CAUTION
■
The camera lens distorts and enlarges the field of view of the difference in
eye sight. The display is therefore only of limited use for estimating distances
to following vehicles.■
Some items, such as thin columns, chain link fences or lattice may not be
represented adequately in terms of display resolution.
■
It is only a two-dimensional display. Therefore, protruding objects or roadway
depressions, for example, may not be recognised due to lack of space depth.
■
In a crash or damage the vehicle's rear camera can possibly deviate from the
correct position. If this is the case, have the sensor checked by a specialist ga-
rage.
OperationFig. 139
Position of the camera / monitored area
Read and observe
and on page 149 first.
Supervised area » Fig. 139
Detection range of the camera.
Area outside the detection range of the camera.
The area behind the vehicle is displayed when the following conditions are
met.
The ignition is switched on.
The reverse gear is engaged. 1)
The luggage compartment lid is completely closed.
The vehicle is not travelling at more than about 15 km/h.
Note
■ The display can be interrupted by pressing the symbol key » Fig. 136 on
page 147 .■
After disengaging the reverse gear, automatic display of the parking aid is
carried out (variant 2, 3) » page 147.
AB1)
The area behind the vehicle can be displayed for a few seconds more after disengaging the reverse gear.
149Assist systems