242 Checking and filling
@ For the sake of the environment
Be cause of the problem of proper disposa l
of brake flu id as we ll as the special tools
req uired and the necessary expert ise, we
recommend that you have the b rake fluid
changed by your author ized Audi dealer.
Battery
General information
Unde r normal operating conditions, the bat
tery in your A udi does not need any mainte
nance. With
high outside temperatures or
long daily dr ives we recommend that you have
the elect ro lyte level checked by an authorized
Aud i dea ler o r qualified workshop . The elec
trolyte leve l sho uld a lso be c hecked each t ime
the battery is c harged ¢
page 244.
Have the battery checked when you take your
ve hicle in for service . Yo u are well adv ised to
replace a bat tery that is older tha n 5 yea rs .
W ith certa in types of a irbag deployment, t he
battery is d isconnected from the vehicle elec
tr ica l system fo r safety reasons ¢
& in Re
pair, core and disposal of the airbags on
page 171.
Hybr id d rive *: you can find important i nforma
tion about the high voltage battery under
¢ page 97.
Disconnecting the battery terminals
Some veh icle functions (power w indow regu
lators, for example) are lost if the battery ter
minals a re discon nected. These functions have
to be re learned after the ba tte ry term inals a re
connect ed aga in. To prevent this , the battery
should only be d isconnected from the vehicle
e lec tric al sys te m whe n absolu tely necessa ry
for rep airs.
Vehicles not driven for long periods
If yo u do not dr ive you r vehicle over a pe riod
of severa l days or w eeks, ele ct rical com po
n e nt s are gr adually cu t ba ck o r swi tched off .
T his redu ce s energy consu mp tion and mai n- ta
ins s tart ing c apability over a longer pe riod
¢ page 203.
Take i nto consi deratio n that whe n you unl ock
yo ur vehicle, some conven ien ce f un ctions ,
s u ch as the inte rior ligh ts or the powe r sea t
adjustment, may not be availab le. T he con
venience functions will be avai lab le aga in
when you tu rn on the ign ition and start t he
engine.
Winter operation
Du ring the winte r mon ths, bat tery ca pac ity
tends to dec rease as tem peratures drop . This
is beca use more power is a lso consumed wh ile
starting, and the headlights, rear wi ndow de
fogger, etc ., are used more often.
Avoid unnecessary powe r consum ption, pa r
t icu lar ly in city traffic or when traveling only
sho rt distances. Let your authori zed Aud i
dealer check the capacity of the vehicle bat
te ry before winter sets in ¢
page 244. A well
c h arged battery will not on ly preven t starti ng
problems when the wea ther is cold, but w ill
also last lo nger.
Working on the battery
Be especially careful when working on or near
the ba ttery.
The battery is located in the luggage compart
me nt under the floor . B efo re you c hec k any
t hi ng in the luggage compartmen t,
read and
heed all WARNINGS
¢ & -
Hybrid dr ive* : yo u can find impo rtant informa
t io n about the h igh vol tage ba tte ry unde r
¢page 97 .
Always heed the safety warnings , when work
ing on the v ehicle ba tte ry or the vehicle e lec
t rical sys tem to preven t inju ry .
298 Index .:..:..:..::....::.....:..._ ___________________________ _
A
Accessories . .. .. .. ..... ... .. .. .... . 295
AC (climate control) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Adapt ive cr uise control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
C leaning the sensor ....... .. .. .... . 218
Indica tor lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Messages .. ..... ........... ... .. . 114
Request fo r dr iver intervention . . . . . . . 11 2
Sett ing the d istance ........ ... .. ... 111
S ett ing t he d riving p rog ram .. .. .... . 112
Adapt ive dampers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
A dapt ive light . .. . ...... ... .. .. .... .. 51
D efective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 5
AdB lue .. .. .. ............. .. .. .. .. . 228
Fil ling . .. .... ........... .. .. .... . 229
M essages in the ins trument clus ter dis -
p lay .. ... ... .. .. ..... ... .. .. .... . 22 8
Adding Eng ine coolant ........... .. .. .... .
E ng ine oil ............... .. .. .. .. .
W indshie ld w asher fl uid ... .. .. .... .
Addit ional accesso ries
Additives 239
236
2 4 6
295
E ngine oil .... ........... .. .. .... . 236
Ad justing
A ir dist ribution ( clima te control) . ... . . 80
Fr ont seats .... . ...... ... .. .. .... .. 61
Steer ing column manually ... .. .. .. . . 83
Temperature (climate control) .. .... .. 80
A irbag sys tem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 57, 174
Advan ced Airbag Sys tem ... .. .. .. .. . 16 1
Advanced Airbag Sys tem components . 164
Ca re ..... .. ... .. ..... ... .. .. .... . 170
C hil dren . .... ........... .. .. .... . 179
C hi ld restra ints ............. .. .... . 180
Components (front airbags) .. .. .... . 164
Danger of fitt ing a child safety seat on
the front passenger seat ....... .. ... 158
Di sposa l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Fr ont airbags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 1, 16 2
H ow do the front airbags wo rk? . .... . 166
H ow ma ny airbags does my vehi cle
have? ...... .. .. ..... ... .. .. .... . 164
H ow t he A dvanced Airbag System com
ponents work together . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Important things to know .... .. .... . 157 Indicator lig
ht ... ... .. ..... .... . .. 168
Monito ring . ..... .. ... ..... ... .. .. 168
PASSENGER AIR BAG OFF light ... .. .. 168
Repairs ... .... .. ............. .... 170
Safety instr uctions ............. .... 170
S ide a irbags ..... ................ . 172
S ide cu rtain airbags .... .. ... ..... .. 175
Warning/ind icator lights ........... .. 16
We igh t-sensing mat ........... .. .. 179
When m ust t he sys tem be inspected? . 168
Air transport .. .. .. .......... ...... . 106
Alcantara Cleaning . ..... .. ... .. ..... .... . .. 220
All-wheel drive .. .. .. ........... .. .. 202
Se lective wheel torque con trol ... .... 19 7
Winter tires ..... .. ... ..... ... .. .. 262
Alternato r
Malfunction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Anti-free ze
refer to Eng ine coolant system ... .... 238
An ti-l ock b rake system . .. ..... ... .. .. 197
Warning/ind icator lights . . . . . . . . . 15 , 17
Anti-s lip reg ulatio n ............. .. .. 19 7
Warning/ind icator lights ........ .. .. . 15
Anti-theft a larm warn ing system . ...... . 38
E lectronic immob ilizer ....... ...... .. 38
Approach/depa rture angle ..... ... .. .. 210
Ash tray .... .... ................... . 75
Asterisk What does it mean when something is marked wit h an aster isk? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Audi braking guard
refer to Braking guard .......... .. .. 113
Audi dr ive selec t
Indicator light ... .. ... ..... ... .. .. 2 01
also refer to Drive select ..... ... .. .. 120
Audi par king syste m plus with rearview
c amer a .. .. .. .. .. .... ......... .... 1 29
Adjus ting the d isplay ........... .. .. 133
Adjus ting the warning tones ... .. .. .. 133
Cleaning sensors/came ra lenses . ... .. 218
Rea rv iew camera - parking mode 1 . ... 132
Rea rv iew camera - parking mode 2 .. .. 132
Safety precautions ............. .... 129
Switching on and off ... .. ... ..... .. 131
T ra iler h itc h ..... ................ . 134
Eyeg lasses compartment . ... .. .. .. .. .. 77
F
Fall line
Fan 2
10
Radiato r ... .. ........... .. .. .. .. . 240
Fastening Booster seats ............ .. .. .. .. . 186
Convertible c hild safety seats . . . . . . . . 185
Infant seats .. ..... ... .... ... ... .. 184
Fl at ti re
C hanging .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. ... 273
Fl exible fuel . .. ........... .. .. .. ... 22 3
F loor mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
F og lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 0
Fold ing chocks ............... .. .... 268
Folding the rear seat forward . . . . . . 67, 68
F oo t pedals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
For the sake of the environment Gasoline fumes and the envi ronment .. 226
Le tting the engine warm up . . . . . . 83, 86
R educing e ng in e noise by ea rly ups hift-
i ng .. .. .. .. .. ............... .. .. .. 11
Refue ling . .... .. .. ... ... .. .. .. ... 226
Saving fue l by ear ly upshift ing . ... .. .. 11
Fr ont airbags
D escr ipt io n ..... ......... .. .. .. .. . 16 1
H ow t hey work ........... .. .. .. .. . 166
F ronta l co llisions and the laws of physics 150
Fr ont ashtray ... ... .. ... ... .. .. .. .... 75
Fr ont seats .. ............. .... .. .... 6 1
Ad justi ng .. .. ........... .. .. .. ... 1 41
C hild r estraints in the fron t seat . .. .. . 158
Fue l
Addit ives ... .. ........ ... .. .. .. .. . 222
B lended gasoline ......... .. .. .. .. . 22 2
Consu mption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3
Fill er ne ck .. .... ......... .... .. .. . 225
Fu el gauge .... .. .. ..... ... .. .. .... 12
Gasoline additives ..... ... .. .. .. .. . 224
Octane rating ... .. .... ... .. .. .. .. . 222
Recommendation ......... .. .. .. .. . 222
Refue lling .. ............. .... .. ... 226
Reserve .. ... ............. ... ... ... 12
Tank capacity ............... .. .... 290
Un lock ing the fue l filler f lap by ha nd .. 227
Index 303
Fuel economy messages (e fficiency p ro -
gram) . ... .. .. .. .... . ... ...... ... .. . 25
Fuel fi lle r flap
Unl ocking the fuel fi lle r flap by hand .. 227
Fuel supply too low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Fuse a rrangement ... . .. .. ..... ... .. 279
G
Garage door o pener ( Hom eLink) ..... .. 135
Gas discharge lamps .. ............... 282
Ga uges
Engine coolant temperature . . . . . . . . . . 10
Fuel gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Tachometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
General i llustration
Instruments and controls .... ... .. .. .. 8
General rules and dr iv ing tips ..... .. .. 210
B efo re driv ing offro ad .......... .... 210
D rivi ng o ffroad . .. .. . .............. 210
G lossary of tire and loading term inology 248
G love compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Cooling box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
G low p lug sys tem
In dicator light ..... . .. .. ..... ... .. . 15
GPS cont ro lled clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
G radient angle .. ...... ............. 210
G ross Ve hicle Weig ht Rating (GVWR) . .. 289
G rou nd clearance .. ... ... ...... ..... 210
H
Head lights
Adaptive light .. ...... ............. . Sl
Cleaning .. .. .. .. .. . .. .... .... .... 218
Fog lights ........ ................. SO
Head light range control defect ive ..... 35
L eft hand drive, r igh t h and drive .. .. .. . 51
Re ar fog ligh ts . .. .... ............. . SO
T ra ve l mode . .. .. ............... .. . 51
Washe r reservoir ... . .. .. ..... ... .. 246
Washe r system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Head restra ints .. ...... ........... .. 142
Adjus ting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
F ron t se ats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
R ea r seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
•
•
304 Index
Heated (upho lder . .... . ...... ... .. .. .... .. 74
Exterior m irrors ... .... ... .. .. .... .. 57
Rear window ............. .... ...... 81
Seats .. ...... ........... ........ .. 81
Washer fluid nozz les . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
H eating ...... .. .. ..... ... .. .. .... .. 79
H eavy clothing and safety belts . .. ..... 1 52
High beam . .. ............. .. .. .. ... . 52
War ning/ indicato r lights ... .. .. .. .. . . 17
High voltage warning labe l .. .. .... .. . 289
H ill descent assist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
Hill descent control ........ .. .. .... . 126
H omelink (remote con tro l)
H ood 135
Opening . .. .. .. .. .......... ... .. . 23 1
Release lever . ........... .. .. .... . 23 1
Ho rn . .. ...... ........... .... .... .. . 8
H ow are c hild restra int sys tem anchors re -
l ated to child sa fe ty ..... ... .. .. .... . 19 1
H ow many airbags does my vehicle have? 164
How often sho uld I check my t ire pres-
sures? .. .. ................. .. .... . 254
H ow sa fety belt pretensioners wo rk ... . 1 55
H ybr id d rive .. .. .. ...... .... ... .. .. .. 97
12 vo lt batteries .... ... .. .. .. .. .. . 105
Consumpt io n disp lay ...... .. .. .... . 10 4
E fficien t drive mode ....... .. .. .... . 10 2
E ne rgy flow d isplay .. ... .. .. .. .... . 103
EV mode ... ... .. ..... ... .. .. .... . 100
H igh vo ltage battery . . . . . . . . . . . 97, 105
High vo ltage system .......... .. .. .. 97
Operating modes ......... .... .... . 100
Power meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Start ing the veh icle ...... ... .. .. .... 98
Transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
H ydroplaning ............... .. .... . 258
I
Ignition
Switching on/off . ..... ... .. .. .... .. 83
I gnition key
E mergency unloc king . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 8
Ignition lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
M alfunct io n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31, 3 5
Important things to do before driving .. 139 Improperly worn sa
fety belts . ... .. .. .. 155
Ind icator lig hts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 , 99
Airbag system ................ .... 168
P ASS ENG ER A IR BAG OF F ....... .. .. 168
Infant seats .. .. .. .... .... ..... .. .. 184
Inflatab le spare tire . .. .. ..... ... .. .. 269
I n flating . ..... .. .. ... ..... ... .. .. 270
Installing child safety sea ts
S af ety be lts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Installing the upper tether strap on the
ancho rage .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ... ..... .. 195
Instrument cluster .... .. ..... ... .. .. . 98
Instrument ligh ting ............. .... . 51
Instruments and controls ........ .. .. . 10
General illustration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Interior lights
Dimming .. ..................... .. . 53
Front . .. .. .... ............... ..... 53
Rea r ..... .. .. .. .. ........... .... . 53
Interval wiping .... ... .. ..... .... . .. . 54
Rain sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
J
Jump-star ting 283
Jumper cables ... .. ... .. .. ... ..... .. 284
Jump start ing .................. .... 105
K
Key ... ... .. .... .. .. ... .. ..... ... .. . 36
Battery replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 7
Check light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 7
Emergency key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Ig nit io n/engine o n/off .............. . 83
Key replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Master key with remote control . . . . . . . 36
Mechan ica l key . .. .... .... ..... .. .. . 37
Removing . .. .. .. ... .......... .... . 85
K ick-down
t iptro nic .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ... ..... .. 127
L
Lane Change Assistant
refer to Side assist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Rear seats Adjusting seat ... ..... ... .. .. .. .... 64
Rearview camera Park ing mode 1 .......... .. .. .. ... 132
Park ing mode 2 .......... .. .. .. ... 132
Rear v iew mir ror . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Rear window heating .... ... .. .. .. .. .. 81
Recirculation mode (cl imate control) .. .. 80
Red symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Refill engine oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Refue lling ................... ... ... 226
Gasoline inhib itor f lap ..... .. .. .. .. . 226
Release lever for hood ...... .. .. .. .. . 231
Remote cont rol
Homelink . ... ... ..... ... .. .. .. ... 135
Remote control key Un loc king and locking ..... .. .. .. .. .. 40
Remote rear lid release ..... .. .. .. .. .. 43
Repa ir manua ls ... ...... ... .. .. .. ... 293
Repai rs
A irbag system ........... .... .. ... 170
Replacing A fuse . .. .. ................. .. .. . 279
Light bulbs . ................ ... ... 282
T ires and whee ls ...... .... ... ... .. 259
Replacing w iper blades ..... .. .. .. .. .. 55
Report ing Safety Defects . . . . . . . . 146, 147
Reset button ........... .... ... ... ... 13
Retractor .... ... .. ..... ... .. .. .. ... 152
Right hand d rive .. .. .... .... . .... .. .. 5 1
Rims Clean ing . .. ............. .... .. ... 219
Roof rac k . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Attac hment points ..... ... .. .. .. .. .. 71
Install ing the attachments . .. .. .. .. .. 72
Instal ling the roof rack .... .. .. .. .. .. 71
Roof load .. ............. .... .. .... 72
Rule of behavio r offroad .. ... .. .. .. .. . 2 10
s
Safe driving hab its ......... .. .. .. .. . 139
Safety belt position .. ...... .. .. .. .. . 153
Safety belt he ight adjustment .. ... .. 155
Safety belts worn by p regnant women . 154
Safety belt pretens ioner ..... .. .. .. .. . 155
Service and disposal ...... .. .. .. .. . 156
Inde x 307
Safety be lts ... .... .. . .. .. ..... ... .. 152
Cleaning . ... .. .... . ... ...... ... .. 219
Danger to passengers who do not wear a
safety belt .. .. .. ................. 150
Fastening . .. .. .. .... ............. 152
Height adj ustment .. .............. . 155
Improperly worn ... . .. .. .. ... ... .. 155
Not worn ....... .. ..... .......... 150
Safety be lt pos ition . ........... .... 153
S afety i nstr uctions .... ......... .. .. 152
Securing child safe ty seats ... ... .. .. 188
Spec ia l considerations for pregnant
women ... .. .. .... . ... ...... ... .. 154
U nfastening . .. .. ................. 154
Warning/ind icator light ......... 17,149
Why YOU MUST wear them ........ .. 149
Wor n properly .... ............... . 151
Safety comp liance sticker ..... ... .. .. 289
Safety eq uipme nt .. .... ......... .. .. 139
Safety features for occupant restraint and protection .. .. .. .. .... ... .... .... .. 139
Safety guidelines Seat adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Safety instr uctions
E ngine comp art ment .. ......... .. .. 231
f or side c urtain airbags . ..... ... .. .. 177
for using child safety seats ... ... .. .. 181
for using safety belts . ... .... ... .. .. 152
Monitoring the Advanced Airbag Sys-
tem ........ .. .. ................. 170
Safety systems Warning/ind icator lights ..... ... .. .. . 16
Seat Heating ... .. .. .. ... ............ .. . 81
N umber of sea ts ..... ........... .. 149
Ventila tion . ... .... .. .. ...... ... .. . 81
Seat adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Drive r's seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Fron t passenger's seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
F ron t se ats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Hea d restra ints .... . .. ..... ... .. .. 142
Memory . ... .. .... . ... ...... ... .. . 63
Seat be lts
refer to Safety belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Seat covers Cleaning .. .. .. .... .. ........ ..... 220
Seating capacity ... .. . ... .... ... .. .. 149
•
•
308 Index
Seating position Driver ..... ................ ..... . 140
Front passenger .............. .... . 141
How to adjust the front seats . . . . . . . . 141
Incorrect seat position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Occupants .. ................ ... ... 140
Rear passengers ....... ..... .. .. .. . 142
Sea transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Selective catalytic reduction
refer to Ad Blue ........... .... .. .. . 228
Selective unlock feature ............... 39
Selective whee l torque control (all-wheel
drive) ... .... ...................... 197
Selector lever .. ........... .. .. .... . 123
Emergency release .......... .. .... . 128
Service and disposal Safety belt pretens ioner ....... .. ... 156
Service interval disp lay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Service position
refer to Replacing wiper blades ... .. .. 55
SET button . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Shift buttons .................. .... . 127
Ship transport ...................... 106
Shutting down vehicle ....... .... .... 207
Side airbags Description ............... ... .... . 172
How they work ........... .... ..... 174
Side assist
Activating and deactivating ..... .... . 118
Adjusting the brightness ..... .... .. . 118
C leaning the sensors ....... ... .. ... 218
Description .................. ..... 116
Sensor range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Side curta in airbags .......... .. .... . 175
Description ............... ... .... . 175
How they work ............ ... .... . 176
Safety instructions ............ .... . 177
Side marker lights ................... 49
Snow chains ........... .... .... .... 263
Socket . ..... ................ ..... .. 75
Sound system display
Driver information display . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Sources of information about child re-
straints and their use ........... .. ... 196
Speedometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Speed rating letter code ....... .. .... . 259 Speed warning system ...........
.. .. . 93
Start-Stop-System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Engine does not switched off ......... 92
Engine starts automatica lly ... .. .. .. . 92
Indicator lights .................... 91
Messages ..... .. .. .............. .. 93
Starting/stopping the engine .... .. .. . 91
Switching off/on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
START ENG INE STOP button (Convenience
key) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86, 87
Starting from rest .................... 89
Starting off with a trailer .......... ... . 90
Starting the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83, 86
Starting (engine) .................... 98
Steering Electromechanical power assist . . . 201, 0
In dicator light ... ................. 201
Locking the steering ................ 83
Malfunction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31, 35
Manually adjusting the steering wheel .. 83
also refer to Electromechanical power as-
s ist ......... ... .. .............. . 201
Steering wheel column
Adjusting manually ............ .. .. . 83
Steps for determining correct load limit . 256
Stopping the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85, 87
Stopping (engine) .. ............. .. .. . 98
Storage .. .. .. .. .. ............... ... 76
Cu pholder door pockets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4
G love compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Sun shade .................. ........ 54
Sun visors .. .... .................... 54
Supplementary (climate control) ..... .. . 82
Switches Emergency flashers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Symbols Red .............................. 28
Yellow .... .... ................... . 31
T
Tachometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
T ail lights
Cleaning .. .. .. .. ................. 218
TDI clean diesel
refer to Ad Blue ........ ........... . 228
Technical data ...................... 289