06 Starting and driving
Fuel requirements
06
146
Octane rating
Minimum octane
G028920
Typical pump octane label
Volvo recommends premium fuel for best per-
formance, but using 87 octane1 or above will
not affect engine reliability.
Volvo engines are designed to achieve rated
horsepower, torque, and fuel economy per-
formance using premium 91 octane fuel.
Demanding drivingIn demanding driving conditions, such as oper-
ating the vehicle in hot weather, towing a trailer,
or driving for extended periods at higher alti-
tudes than normal, it may be advisable to
switch to higher octane fuel (91 or higher) or tochange gasoline brands to fully utilize your
engine's capacity, and for the smoothest pos-
sible operation.
NOTE
When switching to higher octane fuel or
changing gasoline brands, it may be neces-
sary to fill the tank more than once before a
difference in engine operation is noticeable.
Fuel FormulationsDo not use gasoline that contains lead as a
knock inhibitor, and do not use lead additives.
Besides damaging the exhaust emission con-
trol systems on your vehicle, lead has been
strongly linked to certain forms of cancer.
Many fuels contain benzene as a solvent.
Unburned benzene has been strongly linked to
certain forms of cancer. If you live in an area
where you must fill your own gas tank, take
precautions. These may include:
•standing upwind away from the filler nozzle
while refueling
•refueling only at gas stations with vapor
recovery systems that fully seal the mouth
of the filler neck during refueling
•wearing neoprene gloves while handling a
fuel filler nozzle.
Use of AdditivesWith the exception of gas line antifreeze during
winter months, do not add solvents, thicken-
ers, or other store-bought additives to your
vehicle's fuel, cooling, or lubricating systems.
Overuse may damage your engine, and some
of these additives contain organically volatile
chemicals. Do not needlessly expose yourself
to these chemicals.
WARNING
Never carry a cell phone that is switched
on while refueling your vehicle. If the phone
rings, this may cause a spark that could
ignite gasoline fumes, resulting in fire and
injury.
WARNING
Carbon monoxide is a poisonous, colorless,
and odorless gas. It is present in all exhaust
gases. If you ever smell exhaust fumes
inside the vehicle, make sure the passenger
compartment is ventilated, and immediately
return the vehicle to a trained and qualified
Volvo service technician for correction.
1AKI (ANTI KNOCK INDEX) is an average of the Research Octane Number (RON) and the Motor Octane Number (MON), MON+RON/2.
07 Wheels and tires
Wheel nuts
07
199 Wheel nuts
Low nut
High nut
Three different types of wheel nuts may be
used on your vehicle, depending on whether
the wheels are steel or aluminum.
Tightening torques:
•Type 1 wheel nuts: 81 ft. lbs. (110 Nm)
•Type 2 wheel nuts: 96 ft. lbs. (130 Nm)
•Lockable wheel nuts: 81 ft. lbs. (110 Nm)
Steel rims – type 1 wheel nutsSteel rims are normally secured using type 1
wheel nuts, although these rims may also be
secured with type 2 nuts.
WARNING
Never use type 1 wheel nuts for aluminum
wheels. This could cause the wheel to come
loose.
Aluminum wheels – type 2 wheel nutsOnly type 2 wheel nuts can be used for alumi-
num wheels.
NOTE
These nuts can also be used on steel
wheels.
Lockable wheel nutIf steel wheels with lockable wheel nuts are
used in combination with wheel covers, the
lockable wheel nut must be fitted to the stud
nearest the air valve. The wheel cover cannot
otherwise be installed on the wheel.
11 Specifications
Engine specifications
11
280
Engine designationB5254T7
OutputA
kW/rps
hp/rpm169/83
227/5000
TorqueA
Nm/rps
ft. lbs./rpm320/25-80
236/1500-4800
No. of cylinders5
Displacement (liters/cubic inches)2.52/153.8
Bore (mm/in.)83/3.27
Stroke (mm/in.)93.2/3.67
Compression ratio9.0:1
Spark plugs
type
gap inches/mm
tightening torque ft. lbs./Nm
Volvo kit no. 30650379
0.027 in./0.7mm
22.5 ft. lbs./30 Nm
AThe engine specifications for output and torque listed in this table are based on the use of premium fuel.
Charge air cooler (Intercooler)
The engine employs a turbo-compressor to
force air into the engine intake manifold and a
charge air cooler to cool the compressed inletair. The resulting increase in air flow raises
pressure in the intake manifold and increases
engine power over that developed by the nor-
mally-aspirated engine. The charge air cooler(which resembles a radiator) is located
between the turbo-compressor and intake
manifold.
