2012 SSANGYONG KORANDO wheel

11-4
2. TROUBLESHOOTING
ProblemPossible Cause　　Action
Engine will not crankLow battery voltage Charge or replace
Loose, corroded or damaged battery cable
Repair or replace
Faulty starter or open circuit
Faulty ignition switch or blown fuse Repair or replace
Poor engine ground Repair
Engine cranks too
slowLow battery voltage Charge or replace
Loose, corroded or damaged battery cable
Repair or replace
Faulty starter
Starter does not
stopFaulty starter
Faulty ignition switch Replace
Engine cranks
normally, but does
not startBroken pinion gear or faulty starter
Replace the starter
Broken flywheel ring gear Replace
Open circuit Repair

15-12
Pilot injection timing control ▶
The pilot injection timing is determined as a function of the engine speed and of the total flow.
The elements are:
A first correction is made according to the air and coolant temperatures. This correction allows the
pilot injection timing to be adapted to the operating temperature of the engine.
A second correction is made according to the atmospheric pressure. This correction is used to adapt
the pilot injection timing as a function of the atmospheric pressure and therefore the altitude. -
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d. Fuel Control
1. Main Flow Control
The main flow represents the amount of fuel injected into the cylinder during the main injection. The pilot
flow represents the amount of fuel injected during the pilot injection.
The total fuel injected during 1 cycle (main flow + pilot flow) is determined in the following manner.
When the driver depress the pedal, it is his demand which is taken into account by the system in order
to determine the fuel injected.
When the driver release the pedal, the idle speed controller takes over to determine the minimum fuel
which must be injected into the cylinder to prevent the enigne from stalling. ▶
▶
It is therefore the greater of these 2 values which is retained by the system. This value is then compared
with the lower flow limit determined by the ESP system.
As soon as the injected fuel becomes lower than the flow limit determined by the ESP system, the
antagonistic torque (engine brake) transmitted to the drive wheels exceeds the adherence capacity of
the vehicle and there is therefore a risk of the drive wheels locking.
The system thus chooses the greater of these 2 values (main flow & pilot flow) in order to prevent any
loss of control of the vehicle during a sharp deceleration.
As soon as the injected fuel becomes higher than the fuel limit determined by the ASR trajectory control
system, the engine torque transmitted to the wheels exceeds the adhesion capacity of the vehicle and
there is a risk of the drive wheels skidding. The system therefore chooses the smaller of the two values
in order to avoid any loss of control of the vehicle during accelerations.
The anti-oscillation strategy makes it possible to compensate for fluctuations in engine speed during
transient conditions. This strategy leads to a fuel correction which is added to the total fuel of each
cylinder.
The main fuel is obtained by subtracting the pilot injection fuel from the total fuel.
A mapping determines the minimum fuel which can control an injector as a function of the rail pressure.
As soon as the main fuel falls below this value, the fuel demand changes to 0 because in any case the
injector is not capable of injecting the quantity demand. A switch makes it possible to change over from the supercharge fuel to the total fuel according to the
state of the engine.
Until the stating phase has finished, the system uses the supercharged fuel.
Once the engine changes to normal operation, the system uses the total fuel. -
-

01-4
Engine mounting bracket
2. MAJOR COMPONENTS
Front View ▶
Cylinder head front cover
Timing gear case cover
EPS idler pulley
Alternator
Water pump pulley
A/C compressor
Crankshaft pulley
Oil pan assembly
Rear View ▶
Camshaft position sensor
Breather nipple
Purge control solenoid valveCoolant temperature sensor
Electronic throttle body
T-MAP sensor
MCC complete
VIS solenoid valve Cylinder head cover
Dual mass flywheel
Crankshaft position sensor
Hydraulic tensioner assembly

01-70000-00
3) General Instructions
Before lifting up the vehicle with a lift, correctly support the lifting points.
When using a jack, park the vehicle on a level ground and place the wheel chocks under the tires.
Position the jack under the frame and lift up the vehicle and then support with chassis stand before
service work.
Make sure to disconnect the negative (-) cable from the battery to prevent any damage to electric
systems.
If you have to work on vehicle, cover the seats and floor with protection covers to avoid any
damage and contamination.
Brake fluid and anti-freeze can damage the painted surface of body. So carefully handle them
during service work.
To improve the efficiency of service work, use only recommended and specified tools.
Use only Ssangyong genuine spare parts.
Never reuse the cotter pin, gasket, O-ring, oil seal, lock washer and self-locking nut. Replace them
with new ones. If reused, normal functions cannot be maintained.
Store the disassembled parts as a set based on disassembly order and unit.
Pay particular attention not to miss or mix the fasteners.
If necessary, especially for inspection, clean the removed parts completely.
Apply the oil or grease on the running and sliding surfeces before installation. Use the specified
sealant and gasket to prevent leakage if necessary.
Tighten the fasteners to the specified tightening torque.
As a final stage of service work, check if the serviced system is working properly and the problem
has been eliminated clearly. (1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14) Remove the engine and transaxle as a set.
Manual transaxle: Transaxle can be separated after removing the front module (sub frame, engine
and transaxle).
Automatic transaxle: Transaxle can be separated after removing the sub frame. -
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2) Equipment
Korando is FF (Front Engine Front Drive) type vehicle, and engine and powertrain system are
integrated into a module. Therefore, 2-post lift and general equipment are necessary when working
on the engine and transmission.
Major equipment: Engine and transmission jack, Engine stand, Engine crane, Transmission jack,
Engine hanger -
-

01-8
4) Basic Inspection
(1) Horn operation
Listen for the horn sound when pressing the horn pad on the steering wheel. -
(2) Brake operation
Check if there is any abnormal noise, unusually long braking distance, or uneven braking force. If the
brake warning lamp does not go out even after starting the engien or are flashing during driving,
have the brake system checked immediately.
Check the brake pipes and hoses for connection, oil leak, crack or interference after changing the
position of tires. When replacing the tires, check the brake disc for surface condition and wear.
Check the parking brake cable and brake operation. Shorten the checking interval if the parking
brake is used frequently. -
-
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(3) Exhaust system
Be aware to any changes in sound or smell from the exhaust system. These may be caused by leak or
overheat. Have the exhaust system checked and repaired immediately.
Inspect the exhaust system including catalytic converter. Inspect all the components and body frame
near the exhaust system. -
-
(4) Tires
Unusual vibration of the steering wheel and seats or pulling to one side on the straight and level roads
may indicates the uneven tire inflation pressure or poor wheel balance. -
(5) Steering and suspension system
Inspect the front and rear suspension and the steering system for damage, looseness or missing
parts, signs of wear or lack of lubrication. Inspect the power steering line and the hoses for
connection, leak, crack and chafing. Inspect the drive axle boot and seals for damage, tear or leak.
Replace or repair the system if necessary. -
(6) Engine oil
Check the oil level when the engine is still warm and add the specified engine oil if necessary. -
(7) Coolant
Check the coolant level in the coolant reservoir, coolant conditions (contamination, foreign material),
and hoses for damage and leak. Replace or add the Ssangyong genuine coolant, if needed. -
(8) Engine drive belt
Check all drive belts on the engine for wear, crack and looseness. Retighten or replace the belt, if
needed. -

02-4
2. TIGHTENING TORQUE
Name Size Quantity Tightening torque
Heater core screw bolt - 170 ± 7 Nm
Ladder frame bolt M8 X 1.25 X 20 725 ± 2.5 Nm
TGCC M6 X 1.0 X 25 1010 ± 1.0 Nm
Oil drain plug - 130 ± 3.0 Nm
Oil pan bolt M6 X 1.0 X 20 1610 ± 1.0 Nm
Oil pan bolt M6 X 1.0 X 35 410 ± 1.0 Nm
Oil pan bolt M6 X 1.0 X 85 210 ± 1.0 Nm
Oil dipstick gauge bolt M6 X 1.0 X 16 110 ± 1.0 Nm
Camshaft cap M6 X 1.0 X 30 2010 ± 1.0 Nm
Main gallery screw bolt - 155 ± 5.5 Nm
Main bearing cap bolt - 1055 Nm + 90°
Cylinder head bolt M12X1.75X102 1055 Nm + 180°
Cylinder head TGCC side bolt M8 X 1.25 X 30 425 ± 2.5 Nm
Cylinder head front cover bolt M6 X 1.0 X 25 810 ± 1.0 Nm
Cylinder head cover bolt M6 X 1.0 X 30 2010 ± 1.0 Nm
Crankshaft center bolt M18 X 1.5 X 50 1200 ± 20 Nm
90 ° + 10 °
Flywheel bolt M10 X 1.0 X 22 845 ± 5 Nm
90 ° + 10 °
Connecting rod bolt M9 X 1.0 X 52 8 40 + 5 Nm
90 ° + 10 °
Cam Cap bolt (#1) M6 X 1.0 X 35 410 ± 1.0 Nm
Cam Cap bolt (#2~5) M6 X 1.0 X 30 1610 ± 1.0 Nm
Solenoid valve bolt M5 X 0.8 X 22 18 ± 1 Nm
Intake manifold bolt M8 X 1.25 X 32 525 ± 2.5 Nm

02-271130-13
1) Overview
Dual mass flywheel (DMF)
- Manual transaxleDrive plate
- Automatic transaxle
Dual mass flywheel reduces the unbalanced
rotation of crankshaft in manual transaxle
equipped vehicle. The flywheel is installed on the
crankshaft and is engaged to the clutch disc to
transfer the driving torque from the engine to the
powertrain system. Additionally, DMF decreases
the rattling noise in transaxle and the vehicle
vibration by reducing the differences of torque and
rotational speed due to the combustion in engine.The drive plate initially drives the powertrain
system by using the power from the start motor
when starting the engine. The drive plate is
installed on the crankshaft and is engaged to the
torque converter of automatic transaxle to transfer
the driving torque from the engine to the powertrain
system.

02-28
2) Operation of DMF
Compensating the irregular operation of engine: The secondary flywheel operates almost evenly so
does not cause gear noises
The mass of the primary flywheel is less than conventional flywheel so the engine irregularity
increases more (less pulsation absorbing effect).
Transaxle protection function: Reduces the torsional vibration to powertrain (transaxle) by reducing
the irregularity of engine. -
-
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Compression stroke Combustion stroke
Small changes from engine (k):
Damper increases the torque changes to clutchLarge changes from engine (j):
Damper decreases the torque changes to
transaxle by absorbing the impact
Torque change curve of engine and drive shaft