2011 TOYOTA AYGO checking oil

INFORMATION BEFORE DRIVING YOUR TOYOTA199
FUNCTIONS OF ENGINE OIL
Engine oil has the primary functions of
lubricating and cooling the inside of the
engine, and plays a major role in main-
taining the engine in proper working order.
ENGINE OIL CONSUMPTION
It is normal that an engine should con-
sume some engine oil during normal
engine operation. The causes of oil
consumption in a normal engine are as
follows.
DOil is used to lubricate pistons, piston
rings and cylinders. A thin film of oil
is left on the cylinder wall when a pis-
ton moves downwards in the cylinder.
High negative pressure generated when
the vehicle is decelerating sucks some
of this oil into the combustion chamber.
This oil as well as some part of the oil
film left on the cylinder wall is burned
by the high temperature combustion
gases during the combustion process.
DOil is also used to lubricate the stems
of the intake valves. Some of this oil
is sucked into the combustion chamber
together with the intake air and is
burned along with the fuel. High tem-
perature exhaust gases also burn the
oil used to lubricate the exhaust valve
stems.
The amount of engine oil consumed de-
pends on the viscosity of the oil, the
quality of the oil and the conditions the
vehicle is driven under.
More oil is consumed by high−speed driv-
ing and frequent acceleration and decel-
eration.
A new engine consumes more oil, since
its pistons, piston rings and cylinder walls
have not become conditioned.Oil consumption:Max. 1.0 L per 1000
km (1.1 qts./600 miles, 0.9 lmp.qts./600
miles)
When judging the amount of oil con-
sumption, note that the oil may become
diluted and make it difficult to judge
the true level accurately.
As an example, if a vehicle is used for
repeated short trips, and consumes a nor-
mal amount of oil, the dipstick may not
show any drop in the oil level at all, even
after 1000 km (600 miles) or more. This
is because the oil is gradually becoming
diluted with fuel or moisture, making it
appear that the oil level has not changed.
The diluting ingredients evaporate out
when the vehicle is then driven at high
speeds, as on an expressway, making it
appear that oil has been excessively con-
sumed while driving at high speeds.
IMPORTANCE OF ENGINE OIL LEVEL
CHECK
One of the most important points in prop-
er vehicle maintenance is to keep the en-
gine oil at the optimum level so that oil
function will not be impaired. Therefore, it
is essential that the oil level be checked
regularly. Toyota recommends that the oil
level be checked every time you refuel
the vehicle.
NOTICE
Failure to check the oil level regularly
could lead to serious engine trouble
due to insufficient oil.
For detailed information on oil level check,
see “Checking the engine oil level” on
page 264 in Section 7−2.
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Facts about engine oil
consumption

STARTING AND DRIVING211
Before starting the engine, be sure to
follow the instructions in “(a) Before
cranking”.
Normal starting procedure
The multiport fuel injection system/sequen-
tial multiport fuel injection system in your
engine automatically controls the proper
air−fuel mixture for starting. You can start
a cold or hot engine as follows:
Multi−mode manual transmission:With
your foot off the accelerator pedal, turn
the engine switch to the “START” posi-
tion and crank the engine while depress-
ing the brake pedal. Release the key
when the engine starts. The engine can-
not be cranked if the shift lever is in a
position except “N” or the brake pedal
is not depressed.
Manual transmission:With your foot off
the accelerator pedal, crank the engine
by turning the engine switch to the
“START” position. Release it when the
engine starts.
Engine should be warmed up by driving,
not idling. For warming up drive with a
smoothly turning engine until the engine
coolant temperature is within the normal
range.
If the engine stalls...
Simply restart it, using the correct proce-
dure given in normal starting.
If the engine will not start...
See “If your vehicle will not start” on page
220 in Section 4.
NOTICE
zDo not crank for more than 30 se-
conds at a time. This may overheat
the starter and wiring systems.
zDo not race a cold engine.
zIf the engine becomes difficult to
start or stalls frequently, have the
engine checked immediately.
Pre−trip safety check
It is a good idea to do a safety check
before starting out on a trip. A few min-
utes of checking can help ensure safe and
pleasant driving. Just a basic familiarity
with your vehicle is required and a careful
eye! Or, if you would like, any authorized
Toyota dealer or repairer, or another duly
qualified and equipped professional, will
be pleased to make this check for you at
nominal cost.
CAUTION
If you make this check in an enclosed
garage, make sure there is adequate
ventilation. Engine exhaust is poison-
ous.
BEFORE STARTING THE ENGINE
Outside the vehicle
Tires.Check the pressure with a gauge
and look carefully for cuts, damage, or
excessive wear.
Wheel bolts.Make sure no bolts are mis-
sing or loose.
Fluid leaks.After the vehicle has been
parked for a while, check underneath for
leaking fuel, oil, water, or fluid. (Water
dripping from the air conditioning after use
is normal.)
Lights.Make sure the headlights, stop
lights, tail lights, turn signals and other
lights are all working. Check the headlight
aim.
Inside the vehicle
Spare tire, jack and wheel bolt wrench.
Check the spare tire pressure and make
sure you have your jack and wheel bolt
wrench.
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(b) Starting the engine

STARTING AND DRIVING215
Winter driving tips
Make sure your coolant is properly pro-
tected against freezing.
Only use “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant”
or similar high quality ethylene glycol
based non−silicate, non−amine, non−nitrite,
and non−borate coolant with long−life hy-
brid organic acid technology. (Coolant with
long−life hybrid organic acid technology is
a combination of low phosphates and or-
ganic acids.)
See “Checking the engine coolant level”
on page 267 in Section 7−2 for details of
coolant type selection.
“Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” is a mix-
ture of 50% coolant and 50% deionized
water. This coolant provides protection
down to about−35_C(−31_F).
NOTICE
Do not use plain water alone.
Check the condition of the battery and
cables.
Cold temperatures reduce the capacity of
any battery, so it must be in top shape
to provide enough power for winter start-
ing. Section 7−3 tells you how to visually
inspect the battery. Any authorized Toyota
dealer or repairer, or another duly quali-
fied and equipped professional, will be
pleased to check the level of charge.
Make sure the engine oil viscosity is
suitable for the cold weather.
See page 264 in Section 7−2forrecom-
mended viscosity. Leaving a heavy sum-
mer oil in your vehicle during winter
months may make starting harder. If you
are not sure about which oil to use, call
any authorized Toyota dealer or repairer,
or another duly qualified and equipped
professional, they will be pleased to help.
Keep the door locks from freezing.
Squirt lock de−icer or glycerine into the
locks to keep them from freezing.Use a washer fluid containing an anti-
freeze solution.
This product is available at any authorized
Toyota dealer or repairer and most auto
parts stores or another qualified profes-
sional. Follow the manufacturer ’s direc-
tions for how much to mix with water.
NOTICE
Do not use engine antifreeze or any
other substitute because it may dam-
age your vehicle’s paint.
Do not use your parking brake when
there is a possibility it could freeze.
When parking, put the transmission into
“M(1)”, “E(1)” or “R” (multi−mode manual
transmission), or into first or reverse
(manual transmission) and block the rear
wheels. Do not use the parking brake,
snow or water accumulated in and around
the parking brake mechanism may freeze,
making it hard to release.
Keep ice and snow from accumulating
under the fenders.
Ice and snow built up under your fenders
can make steering difficult. During bad
winter driving, stop and check under the
fenders occasionally.
Depending on where you are driving,
we recommend you carry some emer-
gency equipment.
Some of the things you might put in the
vehicle are tire chains, a window scraper,
a bag of sand or salt, flares, a small
shovel, jumper cables, etc.
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DO−IT−YOURSELF MAINTENANCE: Engine and Chassis263
Section 7−2
DO−IT−YOURSELF MAINTENANCE
Engine and Chassis
DChecking the engine oil level 264........................
DChecking the engine coolant level 267...................
DChecking the radiator and condenser 268................
DChecking the clutch pedal free play 269..................
DChecking tire inflation pressure 269.....................
DChecking and replacing tires 270........................
DRotating tires 272......................................
DInstalling snow tires and chains 273.....................
DReplacing wheels 275..................................
DAluminum wheel precautions 275.......................
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264DO−IT−YOURSELF MAINTENANCE: Engine and Chassis
Checking the engine oil level
MS72006a
Low level Full level
Add oil O.K. Too full
With the engine at operating tempera-
ture and turned off, check the oil level
on the dipstick.
1. To get a correct reading, the vehicle
should be on level ground. After turning
off the engine, wait more than 5 min-
utes for the oil to drain back into the
bottom of the engine.
2. Pull the dipstick out, hold a rag under
the end and wipe it clean.
3. Reinsert the dipstick—push it in as far
as it will go, or the reading will not be
correct.
4. Pull the dipstick out and look at the oil
level while holding a rag under the
end.
CAUTION
Be careful not to touch the hot ex-
haust manifold.
NOTICE
Be careful not to drop engine oil on
the vehicle components.
If the oil level is below or only slightly
above the low level, add engine oil of
the same type as already in the engine.
Remove the oil filler cap and add engine
oil in small quantities at a time, checking
the dipstick. We recommend that you use
a funnel when adding oil.
The approximate quantity of oil needed to
raise the level between low and full on the
dipstick is indicated as follows:
1.5L(1.6 qt.,1.3 Imp. qt.)
For the engine oil capacity, see “Service
specifications” on page 294 in Section 8.
When the level reaches within the correct
range, install the filler cap hand−tight.
NOTICE
zBe careful not to spill engine oil on
the vehicle components.
zAvoid overfilling, or the engine
could be damaged.
zCheck the oil level on the dipstick
once again after adding the oil.
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278DO−IT YOURSELF MAINTENANCE: Electrical components
CAUTION
BATTERY PRECAUTIONS
The battery produces flammable and
explosive hydrogen gas.
DDo not cause a spark from the bat-
tery with tools.
DDo not smoke or light a match near
the battery.
The electrolyte contains poisonous
and corrosive sulfuric acid.
DAvoid contact with eyes, skin or
clothes.
DNever ingest electrolyte.
DWear protective safety glasses when
working near the battery.
DKeep children away from the bat-
tery.
EMERGENCY MEASURES
DIf electrolyte gets in your eyes,
flush your eyes with clean water
immediately and get immediate
medical attention. If possible, con-
tinue to apply water with a sponge
or cloth while en route to the medi-
cal office.
DIf electrolyte gets on your skin,
thoroughly wash the contact area. If
you feel pain or burning, get medi-
cal attention immediately.
DIf electrolyte gets on your clothes,
there is a possibility of its soaking
through to your skin, so immediate-
ly take off the exposed clothing and
follow the procedure above, if nec-
essary.
DIf you accidentally swallow electro-
lyte, drink a large quantity of water
or milk. Follow with milk of magne-
sia, beaten raw egg or vegetable
oil. Then go immediately for emer-
gency help.
The electricity stored in the battery will
discharge gradually even when the vehicle
is not in use, due to natural discharge
and the draining effects of certain electri-
cal appliances. If the vehicle is left for a
long time, the battery may discharge, and
the engine may be unable to start. (The
battery recharges automatically during
driving.)
The meanings of each caution symbol
on the top of the battery are as fol-
lows:
No smoking, no naked
flames, no sparks
Shield eyes
Keep away from children
Battery acid
Note operating instructions
Explosive gas
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Checking battery condition—
—Precautions

304INDEX
A
Adding washer fluid 282..................
Adjustment
Front seats 42.........................
Seat belts 48..........................
Air conditioning filter 184.................
Air conditioningsystem 175..............
Airbag manual on−off system 78..........
Airbags 55,62,68........................
Aluminum wheel precautions 275.........
Anti−glare inside rear view mirror 114.....
Anti−lock brake system warning
light 127..............................
Anti−theft steering column lock 138.......
Appearance care
Cleaning the interior 250...............
Protecting your Toyota from
corrosion 246.......................
Washing and waxing 247...............
Audio system 161.......................
Auxiliary catch, Engine hood 36..........
B
Back door 33............................
Battery
Checking battery condition 278.........
Gas caution 278.......................
Handling safety 278....................
Recharging precautions 280............
Winter driving tips 215.................
Before starting the engine 210............
Brake system 200.......................
Brake system warning light 127...........
Brakes
Parking 160...........................
Break−in tips 194........................
C
Carbon monoxide caution 198............
Charging system warning light 127........
Checking and replacing fuses 280........
Checking the engine oil level 264.........
Checking the radiator and
condenser 268........................
Child restraint
Child restraint system 81...............
Installation 90.........................Installation with ISOFIX rigid
anchor 109..........................
ISOFIX child restraint system 109.......
Precautions 80........................
Types of child restraint system 82.......
Using a top strap 106..................
Cleaning the interior 250.................
Clock 188...............................
Cold weather
Operation 215.........................
Compact disc player 162.................
Condenser
Checking the condenser 268...........
Controls, Instrument panel 2.............
Cooling system
Coolant level 267......................
Engine overheating 225................
Radiator 268..........................
Radiator and reservoir 267.............
Radiator cap 225......................
Winter driving tips 215.................
Corrosion prevention 246................
Cup holders 189.........................
D
Defogger
Rear window 121......................
Dimmer switch, Headlight 116............
Directional signals 116...................
Do−it−yourself maintenance
Service precautions 260...............
Does your vehicle need repairing? 255....
Doors
Side doors 28.........................
Driver ’s seat belt reminder buzzer 127....
Driver ’s seat belt reminder light 127.......
Driving
Driving tips 213,215....................
Manual transmission 156...............
Driving in the rain 214....................
Driving tips
Driving in the rain 214..................
Driving tips in various conditions 213....
Driving with a manual
transmission 156....................
Economical driving 216................
Good driving practice 156..............
Pre−trip safety check 211..............
Winter driving tips 215.................
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INDEX305
During
Break−in 194..........................
E
Economical driving
Saving money on both fuel and
repairs 216..........................
Electric power steering system 204.......
Electric power steering system warning
light 127..............................
Electrical system
Battery 278,280.......................
Fuse locations 259....................
Fuses 280............................
Emergency flasher switch 118............
Emergency, In case of
Blown fuse 280........................
Emergency flasher switch 118..........
Flat tire 226...........................
If you lose your keys 243...............
If your engine stalls while driving 224....
If your vehicle has to be stopped in
an emergency 244...................
If your vehicle needs to be
towed 236...........................
If your vehicle will not start 220.........
Jump starting 221.....................
Overheating 225.......................
Towing 236............................
Engine
Before starting the engine 210..........
Checking the coolant level 267..........
Emission control device 197............
Engine compartment 258...............
Exhaust gas caution 198...............
Hood release 36.......................
Identification number 206..............
Oil consumption 199...................
Oil level 264...........................
Overheating 225.......................
Starting procedure 209.................
Three−way catalytic converter 197......
Engine coolant
Temperature warning lights 125.........
Winter driving tips 215.................
Engine coolant temperature warning
lights 125.............................
Engine immobilizer system 13............
Engine oil
Winter driving tips 215.................Exhaust gas caution 198.................
F
Facts about engine oil
consumption 199......................
Flasher, Headlight 116...................
Flat tire
After changing wheels 235.............
Changing tire 231......................
If you have a flat tire 226...............
Jack point 230.........................
Jacking precautions 226...............
Jacking up 230........................
Loosening wheel bolts 229.............
Lowering vehicle 233..................
Reinstalling wheel ornament 234........
Removing wheel ornament 229.........
Wheel block 228.......................
Wheel bolts 232.......................
Floor mat 190...........................
Fluid level
Washer fluid 282......................
Fog light switch, Rear 119................
Fold−down rear seat 46..................
Foreign countries, Operation in 196.......
Front passenger ’s seat belt
reminder buzzer 127...................
Front passenger ’s seat belt
reminder light 127.....................
Front seat
Rear seat entry 45.....................
Front seats 42..........................
Fuel
Filler door opener 38...................
Fuel economy 216.....................
Fuel pump shut off system 196..........
Gauge 124............................
Operation in foreign countries 196......
Tank cap 38...........................
Fuel information 194.....................
Fuel pump shut off system 196............
Fuse
Fuse box 280..........................
Fuse locations 259......................
G
Gauge
Fuel 124..............................
Good driving practice 156................
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