2008 TOYOTA HIGHLANDER HYBRID engine

524 5-2. Steps to take in an emergency
After the hybrid system has
cooled down, check the engine
coolant level and inspect the
cooling system for leaks.Engine coolant reservoir
Radiator
If necessary, add engine coolant
up to the “FULL” line.
Water can be used in an emer-
gency if engine coolant is unavail-
able. ( P. 535)
STEP4
STEP5

526 5-2. Steps to take in an emergency
■Overheating
The following symptoms may occur when your vehicle is overheating:
●Hybrid system output decreases.
● Steam is coming from the engine area.
CAUTION
■To prevent an accident or injury when inspecting under the hood of
your vehicle
● With a hybrid vehicle, there are times when the gasoline engine automati-
cally starts to run or the cooling fans suddenly start to operate. Do not
touch or approach the rotating parts of the belt or fans. Doing so may lead
to fingers, clothes or tools getting caught, resulting in an accidental injury.
● Do not loosen the coolant reservoir cap while the hybrid system and radia-
tor are hot.
Serious injury, such as burns, may result from hot coolant and steam
released under pressure.
NOTICE
■When adding engine/power control unit coolant
Wait until the hybrid system has cooled down before adding engine/power
control unit coolant.
When adding coolant, do so slowly. Adding cool coolant to a hot hybrid sys-
tem too quickly can cause damage to the hybrid system.

532 6-1. Specifications
■Gasoline engine number and el ectric motor (traction motor)
number
The gasoline engine number and el ectric motor (traction motor) num-
ber are stamped as shown.
Gasoline engine number
Electric motor (traction motor)
number
Engine
Fuel
Model3MZ-FE
Type 6-cylinder V type, 4-cycle, gasoline
Bore and stroke 3.62  3.27 in. (92.0  83.0 mm)
Displacement 202.1 cu.in. (3311 cm3)
Valve clearance
(engine cold) Intake:
0.006 
0.01 in. (0.15  0.25 mm)
Exhaust:
0.01  0.013 in. (0.25  0.35 mm)
Fuel type Unleaded gasoline only
Octane rating 87 (Research Octane Number 91) or higher
Fuel tank capacity
(Reference) 17.2 gal. (65.0 L, 14.3 lmp.gal.)

534 6-1. Specifications
Lubrication system
Oil viscosity
● The 0W portion of the oil viscosity rating indicates the characteristic
of the oil which allows cold startab ility. Oils with a lower value before
the W allow for easier starting of the engine in cold weather.
● The 20 in 0W-20 indicates the oil viscosity when the oil is at its oper-
ating temperature. An oil with a higher viscosity may be better suited
if the vehicle is operated at high speeds, or under extreme load con-
dition.
Oil capacity
Drain and refill
(Reference) Without filter
With filter 4.8 qt. (4.5 L, 4.0 Imp.qt.)
5.0 qt. (4.7 L, 4.1 Imp.qt.)
Oil grade
ILSAC multi-grade engine oil
Recommended oil
viscosity Use Toyota approved “Toyota Genuine Motor
Oil” or equivalent to satisfy the grade and vis-
cosity shown below.
0W-20 is an oil that provides optimal levels of
fuel efficiency.
Outside temperature

535
6-1. Specifications
6
Vehicle specifications
Cooling system
Capacity (Reference)
Gasoline engine
Power control unit Without rear air conditioning system
11.2 qt. (10.6 L, 9.3 Imp.qt.)
With rear air conditioning system
13.5 qt. (12.8 L, 11.3 Imp.qt.)
3.6 qt. (3.4 L, 3.0 Imp.qt.)
Coolant type Use either of the following.
• “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant”
• Similar high-quality ethylene glycol-based non-silicate, non-amine, non-nitrite, and
non-borate coolant with long-life hybrid
organic acid technology
Do not use plain water alone.

544
6-1. Specifications
Fuel infor mation
■Fuel tank opening fo r unleaded gasoline
To help prevent incorrect fueling, your Toyota has a fuel tank opening that
only accommodates the special nozzle on unleaded fuel pumps.
■ If your engine knocks
●Consult your Toyota dealer.
● You may occasionally notice light knocking for a short time while acceler-
ating or driving uphill. This is normal and there is no need for concern.
■ Gasoline quality
In very few cases, driveability problems may be caused by the brand of gas-
oline you are using. If driveability problems persist, try changing the brand of
gasoline. If this does not correct the problem, consult your Toyota dealer.
■ Gasoline quality standards
●Automotive manufacturers in the US, Europe and Japan have developed
a specification for fuel quality called World-Wide Fuel Charter (WWFC)
that is expected to be applied worldwide.
● The WWFC consists of four categories that are based on required emis-
sion levels. In the US, category 4 has been adopted.
● The WWFC improves air quality by lowering emissions in vehicle fleets,
and customer satisfaction through better performance.
Your vehicle must use only unleaded gasoline.
Unleaded gasoline with an Octane Rating of 87 (Research Octane
Number 91) or higher required for optimum engine performance.
At minimum, the gasoline you us e should meet the specifications
of ASTM D4814 in the U.S.A. and CGSB3.5-M93 in Canada.

545
6-1. Specifications
6
Vehicle specifications
■
Toyota recommends the use of gaso line containing detergent additives
● Toyota recommends the use of gasoline that contains detergent addi-
tives to avoid build-up of engine deposits.
● All gasoline sold in the US contains detergent additives to clean and/or
keep clean intake systems.
■ Toyota recommends the use of cleaner burning gasoline
Cleaner burning gasoline, including reformulated gasoline that contains oxy-
genates such as ethanol or MTBE (Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether) is available in
many areas.
Toyota recommends the use of cleaner burning gasoline and appropriately
blended reformulated gasoline. These types of gasoline provide excellent
vehicle performance, reduce vehicle emissions and improve air quality.
■ Toyota does not recommend blended gasoline
●Toyota allows the use of oxygenate blended gasoline where the oxygen-
ate content is up to 10% ethanol or 15% MTBE.
● If you use gasohol in your Toyota, be sure that it has an octane rating no
lower than 87.
● Toyota does not recommend the use of gasoline containing methanol.
■ Toyota does not recommend gasoline containing MMT
Some gasoline contains octane enhancing additive called MMT (Methylcy-
clopentadienyl Manganese Tricarbonyl).
Toyota does not recommend the use of gasoline that contains MMT. If fuel
containing MMT is used, your emission control system may be adversely
affected.
The malfunction indicator lamp on the instrument cluster may come on. If
this happens, contact your Toyota dealer for service.

546 6-1. Specifications
NOTICE
■Notice on gasoline quality
●Do not use leaded gasoline.
Leaded gasoline will cause the three-way catalytic converter to lose its
effectiveness and emission control system to function improperly.
● Do not use gasohol other than that stated here.
Other gasohol may cause fuel system damage or vehicle performance
problems.
■ Fuel-related poor driveability
If after using a different type of fuel, poor driveability is encountered (poor
hot starting, vaporization, engine knocking, etc.), discontinue the use of that
type of fuel.
■ When refueling with gasohol
Take care not to spill gasohol. It can damage your vehicle's paint.