EM-1
ENGINE
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SECTION EM
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CONTENTS
ENGINE MECHANICAL
VQ35DE
SERVICE INFORMATION .. ..........................
4
PRECAUTIONS .............................................. .....4
Precaution Necessary for Steering Wheel Rota-
tion After Battery Disconnect ............................... ......
4
Precaution for Drain Engine Coolant and Engine
Oil ..............................................................................
4
Precaution for Disconnecting Fuel Piping .................4
Precaution for Removal and Disassembly ................4
Precaution for Inspection, Repair and Replace-
ment ..........................................................................
4
Precaution for Assembly and Installation ..................5
Precaution for Angle Tightening ................................5
Precaution for Liquid Gasket .....................................5
PREPARATION ...................................................7
Special Service Tool ........................................... ......7
Commercial Service Tool ..........................................9
NOISE, VIBRATION AND HARSHNESS
(NVH) TROUBLESHOOTING ............................
12
NVH Troubleshooting - Engine Noise ................. ....12
Use the Chart Below to Help You Find the Cause
of the Symptom .......................................................
12
DRIVE BELTS ....................................................14
Checking Drive Belts ........................................... ....14
Tension Adjustment ................................................14
Removal and Installation .........................................15
AIR CLEANER AND AIR DUCT ........................17
Component .......................................................... ....17
Removal and Installation .........................................17
Changing Air Cleaner Filter .....................................18
INTAKE MANIFOLD COLLECTOR ...................19
Component .......................................................... ....19
Removal and Installation .........................................19
INTAKE MANIFOLD ...........................................24
Component .......................................................... ....24
Removal and Installation .........................................24
EXHAUST MANIFOLD AND THREE WAY
CATALYST ........................................................
26
Component ..............................................................26
Removal and Installation .........................................26
OIL PAN AND OIL STRAINER .........................30
Component (2WD Models) ......................................30
Removal and Installation (2WD Models) .................30
Component (AWD Models) ......................................35
Removal and Installation (AWD Models) .................36
IGNITION COIL .................................................42
Component ..............................................................42
Removal and Installation .........................................42
SPARK PLUG (PLATINUM-TIPPED TYPE) .....43
Component ..............................................................43
Removal and Installation .........................................43
FUEL INJECTOR AND FUEL TUBE ................45
Component ..............................................................45
Removal and Installation .........................................45
ROCKER COVER .............................................51
Component ..............................................................51
Removal and Installation .........................................51
FRONT TIMING CHAIN CASE .........................54
Removal and Installation .........................................54
TIMING CHAIN ..................................................64
Component .......................................................... ....64
Removal and Installation .........................................65
CAMSHAFT .......................................................83
Component ..............................................................83
Removal and Installation .........................................84
Valve Clearance ......................................................91
OIL SEAL ..........................................................97
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EM-2
Removal and Installation of Valve Oil Seal .............97
Removal and Installation of Front Oil Seal .............97
Removal and Installation of Rear Oil Seal ..............98
CYLINDER HEAD ............................................100
On-Vehicle Service .............................................. ..100
Component ............................................................101
Removal and Installation .......................................101
Disassembly and Assembly ...................................105
Inspection After Disassembly ................................107
ENGINE ASSEMBLY .......................................112
Component (2WD Models) .................................. ..112
Removal and Installation (2WD Models) ...............112
Component (AWD Models) ....................................117
Removal and Installation (AWD Models) ...............117
CYLINDER BLOCK .........................................122
Component .......................................................... ..122
Disassembly and Assembly ...................................123
How to Select Piston and Bearing .........................134
Inspection After Disassembly ................................138
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS
(SDS) ................................................................
149
Standard and Limit .............................................. ..149
VK45DE
SERVICE INFORMATION ..........................
160
PRECAUTIONS .............................................. .160
Precaution Necessary for Steering Wheel Rota-
tion After Battery Disconnect ............................... ..
160
Precaution for Drain Engine Coolant and Engine
Oil ..........................................................................
160
Precaution for Disconnecting Fuel Piping ..............160
Precaution for Removal and Disassembly .............160
Precaution for Inspection, Repair and Replace-
ment .......................................................................
160
Precaution for Assembly and Installation ..............161
Parts Requiring Angle Tightening ..........................161
Precaution for Liquid Gasket .................................161
PREPARATION .............................................. .163
Special Service Tool ............................................ ..163
Commercial Service Tool ......................................164
NOISE, VIBRATION AND HARSHNESS
(NVH) TROUBLESHOOTING ..........................
167
NVH Troubleshooting - Engine Noise .................. ..167
Use the Chart Below to Help You Find the Cause
of the Symptom .....................................................
167
ENGINE ROOM COVER ..................................169
Component .......................................................... ..169
Removal and Installation .......................................169
DRIVE BELTS ..................................................170
Component .......................................................... ..170
Checking Drive Belts .............................................170
Tension Adjustment ...............................................170
Removal and Installation ...................................... .170
Component ...........................................................171
Drive Belt Auto Tensioner and Idler Pulley ...........172
AIR CLEANER AND AIR DUCT .......................173
Component .......................................................... .173
Removal and Installation .......................................173
Changing Air Cleaner Filter ...................................174
INTAKE MANIFOLD .........................................175
Component .......................................................... .175
Removal and Installation .......................................176
EXHAUST MANIFOLD AND THREE WAY
CATALYST .......................................................
179
Component .......................................................... .179
Removal and Installation .......................................179
OIL PAN AND OIL STRAINER ........................183
Component .......................................................... .183
Removal and Installation .......................................183
IGNITION COIL .................................................187
Component .......................................................... .187
Removal and Installation .......................................187
SPARK PLUG (PLATINUM-TIPPED TYPE) ....188
Component .......................................................... .188
Removal and Installation .......................................188
FUEL INJECTOR AND FUEL TUBE ................190
Component .......................................................... .190
Removal and Installation .......................................190
ROCKER COVER .............................................196
Component .......................................................... .196
Removal and Installation .......................................196
TIMING CHAIN .................................................199
Component .......................................................... .199
Removal and Installation .......................................200
CAMSHAFT ......................................................211
Component .......................................................... .211
Removal and Installation .......................................211
Valve Clearance ....................................................218
OIL SEAL ..........................................................222
Removal and Installation of Valve Oil Seal ...........222
Removal and Installation of Front Oil Seal ........... .222
Removal and Installation of Rear Oil Seal ............224
CYLINDER HEAD .............................................226
On-Vehicle Service .............................................. .226
Component ...........................................................227
Removal and Installation .......................................227
Disassembly and Assembly ..................................229
Inspection After Disassembly ................................232
ENGINE ASSEMBLY ..................................... ..237
Component .......................................................... .237
Removal and Installation .......................................237
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NOISE, VIBRATION AND HARSHNESS (NVH) TROUBLESHOOTINGEM-13
< SERVICE INFORMATION > [VQ35DE]
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3. Specify the operating condition of the engine.
4. Check specified noise source.
If necessary, repair or replace these parts.
A: Closely related B: Related C: Sometimes related —: Not related Location
of noise Type of
noise Operating condition of engine
Source of noise Check item Refer-
ence page
Before
warm- up After
warm- up When
start- ing When
idling When
racing While
driving
Top of en-
gine
Rocker
cover
Cylinder
head Ticking or
clicking
CA—AB— Tappet
noiseValve clearance
EM-91
Rattle C A — A B C Camshaft
bearing
noiseCamshaft runout
Camshaft journal oil
clearance EM-84EM-84
Crank-
shaft pul-
ley
Cylinder
block
(Side of
engine)
Oil panSlap or
knock
—A—B B— Piston pin
noisePiston to piston pin oil
clearance
Connecting rod bushing
oil clearance EM-138
EM-138
Slap or
rap
A——B B A Piston
slap noisePiston to cylinder bore
clearance
Piston ring side clear-
ance
Piston ring end gap
Connecting rod bend
and torsion EM-138EM-138
EM-138
EM-138
Knock A B C B B B
Connect-
ing rod
bearing
noiseConnecting rod bushing
oil clearance
Connecting rod bearing
oil clearance EM-138EM-138
Knock A B — A B C
Main bear-
ing noiseMain bearing oil clear-
ance
Crankshaft runout EM-138
EM-138
Front of
engine
Timing
chain caseTapping or
ticking
AA—BBB Timing
chain and
timing
chain ten-
sioner
noiseTiming chain cracks
and wear
Timing chain tensioner
operation
EM-65
EM-64
Front of
engineSqueak-
ing or fizz-
ing
AB—B—C Drive belts
(Sticking
or slip-
ping)Drive belts deflection
EM-14
CreakingABABAB Drive belts
(Slipping)Idler pulley bearing op-
eration
Squall
Creak AB—BAB Water
pump
noiseWater pump operation
CO-22
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EM-54
< SERVICE INFORMATION >[VQ35DE]
FRONT TIMING CHAIN CASE
FRONT TIMING CHAIN CASE
Removal and InstallationINFOID:0000000001325728
NOTE:
This section describes removal/installation procedure
of front timing chain case and timing chain related
parts without removing oil pan (upper) on the vehicle.
When oil pan (upper) needs to be removed or installed, or when rear timing chain case is removed or installed, remove oil pans (upper and lower) first. Then remove front timing chain case, timing chain related
parts, and rear timing chain case in this order, and install in reverse order of removal. Refer to EM-64, "
Com-
ponent".
Refer to EM-64, "
Component" for component parts location.
REMOVAL
1. Disconnect negative battery terminal. Refer to SC-4, "How to Handle Battery".
2. Remove engine cover with power tool. Refer to EM-19, "
Component".
3. Remove air cleaner case assembly. Refer to EM-17, "
Component".
4. Remove front and rear engine undercover with power tool.
5. Release the fuel pressure. Refer to EC-87, "
Fuel Pressure Check".
6. Drain engine oil. Refer to LU-7, "
Changing Engine Oil".
CAUTION:
Perform this step when the engine is cold.
Do not spill engine oil on drive belts.
7. Drain engine coolant from radiator. Refer to CO-10, "
Changing Engine Coolant".
CAUTION:
Perform this step when the engine is cold.
Do not spill engine coolant on drive belts.
8. Separate engine harnesses removing their brackets from front timing chain case.
9. Remove drive belts. Refer to EM-15, "
Removal and Installation".
10. Remove intake manifold colle ctors (upper and lower). Refer to EM-19, "
Component".
11. Remove power steering oil pump from bracket with piping connected, and temporarily secure it aside.
Refer to PS-27, "
On-Vehicle Inspection and Service".
12. Remove power steering oil pump bracket. Refer to PS-27, "
On-Vehicle Inspection and Service".
13. Remove alternator. Refer to SC-19, "
System Description".
14. Remove water bypass hose, water hose clamp and idler pulley bracket from front timing chain case.
15. Remove intake valve timing control covers. Loosen mounting bolts in reverse order as shown in the figure.
Use the seal cutter [SST: KV10111100 (J37228)] to cut liquidgasket for removal.
CAUTION:
Shaft is internally jointed wi th camshaft sprocket (INT) cen-
ter hole. When removing, keep it horizontal until it is com-
pletely disconnected.
SEM728G
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TIMING CHAINEM-65
< SERVICE INFORMATION > [VQ35DE]
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Removal and InstallationINFOID:0000000001325730
NOTE:
This section describes procedures for removing/installing front timing chain case and timing chain related
parts, and rear timing chain case, when oil pan (upper) needs to be removed/installed for engine overhaul,
etc.
To remove/install front timing chain case, timing chain, and its related parts without removing oil pan (upper),
refer to EM-54, "
Removal and Installation".
REMOVAL
1. Remove front tire.
2. Disconnect negative battery terminal.
3. Remove engine cover with power tool. Refer to EM-19, "
Component".
4. Remove air cleaner case assembly. Refer to EM-17, "
Component".
5. Remove front and rear engine undercover with power tool.
6. Release the fuel pressure. Refer to EC-87, "
Fuel Pressure Check".
7. Drain engine coolant from radiator. Refer to CO-10, "
Changing Engine Coolant".
CAUTION:
Perform this step when the engine is cold.
Do not spill engine coolant on drive belts.
8. Drain engine oil. Refer to LU-7, "
Changing Engine Oil".
CAUTION:
Perform this step when the engine is cold.
Do not spill engine oil on drive belts.
9. Remove engine harnesses.
10. Remove intake manifold collectors (upper and lower). Refer to EM-19, "
Component".
11. Remove radiator cooling fan assembly. Refer to CO-20, "
Component".
12. Remove drive belts. Refer to EM-15, "
Removal and Installation".
13. Remove A/C compressor from bracket with piping c onnected, and temporarily secure it aside. Refer to
ATC-121, "
Component".
14. Remove power steering oil pump from bracket with piping connected, and temporarily secure it aside.
Refer to PS-27, "
On-Vehicle Inspection and Service".
15. Remove power steering oil pump bracket. Refer to PS-27, "
On-Vehicle Inspection and Service".
16. Remove alternator. Refer to SC-19, "
System Description".
17. Remove water bypass hose, water hose clamp and id ler pulley bracket from front timing chain case.
18. Remove intake valve timing control covers.
10. Camshaft sprocket (INT) 11. Slack guide 12. Crankshaft sprocket
13. Timing chain tensioner (primary) 14. Intake valve timing control cover 15. Collared O-ring
16. O-ring 17. Chain tensioner cover 18. Intake valve timing control cover
19. Water hose clamp 20. Spacer 21. Idler pulley
22. Crankshaft pulley 23. Front oil seal 24. Idler pulley
25. A/C compressor bracket 26. Water pump cover 27. Bracket
28. Front timing chain case 29. Bracket 30. Rear timing chain case
31. O-ring 32. Tension guide 33. Water drain plug (front side)
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CAMSHAFTEM-91
< SERVICE INFORMATION > [VQ35DE]
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4. Crank the engine, and then make sure that engine oil comes out
from camshaft bracket (No. 1) oil hole. End crank after checking.
WARNING:
Be careful not to touch rotating parts (drive belts, idler pul-
ley, and crankshaft pulley, etc.).
CAUTION:
Engine oil may squirt from in take valve timing control sole-
noid valve installation hole during cranking. Use a shop
cloth to prevent the engine components and the vehicle. Do
not allow engine oil to get on rubber components such as
drive belt or engine mount insulators. Immediately wipe off
any splashed engine oil.
Clean oil groove between oil strainer and intake valve timing control solenoid valve if engine oil does not come out from camshaft bracket (No. 1) oil hole. Refer to LU-4, "
Lubrication Circuit".
5. Remove components between intake valve timing control solenoid valve and camshaft sprocket (INT), and then check each oil groove for clogging.
Clean oil groove if necessary. Refer to LU-4, "
Lubrication Circuit".
6. After inspection, install removed parts.
Inspection for Leaks
The following are procedures for chec king fluids leak, lubricates leak.
Before starting engine, check oil/fluid levels incl uding engine coolant and engine oil. If less than required
quantity, fill to the specified level. Refer to MA-9, "
Fluids and Lubricants".
Use procedure below to check for fuel leakage.
- Turn ignition switch “ON” (with engine stopped). With fuel pressure applied to fuel piping, check for fuel leak-
age at connection points.
- Start engine. With engine speed increased, check again for fuel leakage at connection points.
Run engine to check for unusual noise and vibration.
NOTE:
If hydraulic pressure inside timing chain tensioner drops after removal/installation, slack in the guide may
generate a pounding noise during and just after engine start. However, this is normal. Noise will stop after
hydraulic pressure rises.
Warm up engine thoroughly to make sure there is no leak age of fuel, or any oil/fluids including engine oil and
engine coolant.
Bleed air from lines and hoses of applicable lines, such as in cooling system.
After cooling down engine, again check oil/fluid levels including engine oil and engine coolant. Refill to the specified level, if necessary.
Summary of the inspection items:
* Transmission/transaxle/CVT fluid. power steering fluid, brake fluid, etc.
Valve ClearanceINFOID:0000000001325733
INSPECTION
Perform inspection as follows after removal, installation or replacement of camshaft or valve-related parts, or if
there is unusual engine conditions regarding valve clearance.
PBIC2869E
Items Before starting engine Engine running After engine stopped
Engine coolant Level Leakage Level
Engine oil Level Leakage Level
Other oils and fluid* Level Leakage Level
Fuel Leakage Leakage Leakage
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SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)
EM-149
< SERVICE INFORMATION > [VQ35DE]
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SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)
Standard and LimitINFOID:0000000001325750
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
DRIVE BELT
Cylinder arrangement
V- 6
Displacement cm
3 (cu in) 3,498 (213.45)
Bore and stroke mm (in) 95.5 x 81.4 (3.760 x 3.205)
Valve arrangement DOHC
Firing order 1-2-3-4-5-6
Number of piston rings Compression 2
Oil 1
Number of main bearings 4
Compression ratio 10.3
C o m p r e s s i o n p r e s s u r e k P a
(kg/cm
2, psi)/300 rpm Standard 1,275 (13.0, 185)
Minimum 981 (10.0, 142)
Differential limit between cylinders 98 (1.0, 14)
Cylinder number
Valve timing
(Intake valve timing control - “OFF”) Unit: degree
abcde f
240 238 −664 8 52
SEM713A
PBIC0187E
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EM-168
< SERVICE INFORMATION >[VK45DE]
NOISE, VIBRATION AND HARSHNESS
(NVH) TROUBLESHOOTING
3. Specify the operating condition of engine.
4. Check specified noise source.
If necessary, repair or replace these parts.
A: Closely related B: Related C: Sometimes related —: Not relatedLocation
of noise Type of
noise Operating condition of engine
Source of noise Check item
Refer-
ence page
Be-
fore
warm- up After
warm-
up When
start-
ing When
idling When
racing While
driving
Top of en-
gine
Rocker
cover
Cylinder
head Ticking or
clicking
C A — A B — Tappet noise Valve clearance
EM-218
Rattle C A — A B CCamshaft
bearing noiseCamshaft journal oil
clearance
Camshaft runout EM-211EM-211
Crank-
shaft pul-
ley
Cylinder
block
(Side of
engine)
Oil panSlap or
knock
—A—B B— Piston pin
noisePiston to piston pin oil
clearance
Connecting rod bushing
oil clearance EM-256
EM-256
Slap or
rap
A——B B A Piston slap
noisePiston to cylinder bore
clearance
Piston ring side clear-
ance
Piston ring end gap
Connecting rod bend
and torsion EM-256EM-256
EM-256
EM-256
Knock A B C B B B
Connecting
rod bearing
noiseConnecting rod bushing
oil clearance
Connecting rod bearing
oil clearance
EM-256EM-256
Knock A B — A B C
Main bearing
noiseMain bearing oil clear-
ance
Crankshaft runout EM-256EM-256
Front of
engine
front coverTapping or
ticking
AA—BBB Timing chain
and chain
tensioner
noiseTiming chain cracks
and wear
Timing chain tensioner
operation
EM-200
EM-199
Front of
engineSqueak-
ing or fizz-
ing
AB—B—C Drive belts
(Sticking or
slipping)Drive belts deflection
EM-170
Creaking A B A B A B Drive belts
(Slipping)Idler pulley bearing op-
eration
Squall
Creak AB—BAB Water pump
noise
Water pump operation
CO-50
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