Symptom Possible cause
Fail to start Man made faultSpeed sensor1 2 3Fault symptom Common cause
Dischrge overproof, increased oil consumption Man made fault5-1234#(black) pin respectively, now voltage should fluctuate quickly between 0. 1-0. 9V.
6. Speed sensor
(1) Use with oscillator. Oscillator is a fluted disc, originally has 60 teeth, but two teeth are absent. Oscillator
is mounted on crankshaft, and rotates with the crankshaft. When tooth tip passes by sensor end closely, the
oscillator which is made of ferromagnetic material cuts magnetic line of permanent magnet in the sensor, and
generates induced voltage in coil, which is output as rotating speed signal. Mounting torque: 8 ± 2 N.m
Repair precautions: use pressing in instead of hammering method for installation during repair.
(2) Simple measuring method:
(Remove joint) turn digital multimeter to ohm position, connect
two meter pens with sensor 2#, 3# pins respectively, rated resistance
at 20°C is 770-950 ohm.
(Connect joint) turn digital multimeter to AC voltage position,
connect two meter pens with sensor 2 #, 3# pins respectively, start up
engine, now voltage output should be available.
Suggestion: use oscillograph for vehicle use to check.
7. Phase sensor
(1) This sensor consists of a hall sensor and a rotor made of steel plate. Fix hall sensor, mount rotor on camshaft.
Rotor is a 180( range cylindrical face steel blade. When the blade covers hall sensor, high Level signal is output;
otherwise low level signal is output. This differentiates two different upper dead points. Repair precautions: avoid removing end cover as far as possible during repair, so as to avoid ingress of foreign
matter, which might result in abnormal damage of magnetic gate.
(2) Simple measuring method:
(Connect joint) turn on ignition switch but not start up engine, turn digital multimeter to DC voltage position,
connect two meter pens with sensor red, black conductors respectively, ensure reference voltage of 5V is available.
Start up engine, voltage output between green and black conductors should be available.
Suggestion: use oscillograph for vehicle use to check.
8. Idle speed regulator
(1) Idle speed regulator consists of a step motor and a sealing plug on its shaft, sealing plug may generate radial
displacement driven by step motor shaft, position of sealing plug determines extent of opening of by-pass airway,
so as to adjust the size of by-pass air quantity. Position of sealing plug is controlled by ECU output.Fault symptom
Too high idle speed, flameout at idle speedPossible cause
Since interior contamination is severe, regulating element
is blocked and leads to malfunction.
Repair precautions: dust and sand grain will result in damage of idle speed regulator. Intake air should be
filtered by dry air cleaner before entering idle speed regulator, filtration efficiency should exceed 99 %. ToEngine EFI System-Engine EFI System
Symptom
Poor idle speed, malfunction etc
Symptom
Fail to start5-125 Repair precautions:
1. according to engine requirement, electric fuel pumps with different flows are available, they have the same
appearance, mountable fuel pump may not be exactly suitable, during repair, part number of fuel pump used must
be consistent with original one, wrong replacement is not permitted;
2. in order to prevent fuel pump from damaging, please do not run it in dry state for a long time;
3. in case fuel pump needs to be replaced, please pay attention to clean fuel tank and pipeline and replace fuel
filter.
(2) Simple measuring method:
(Remove joint) turn digital multimeter to ohm position, connect two meter pens with fuel pump pins
respectively, measure internal resistance, it should not be zero or infinite (namely not in short circuit, open circuit
condition).
(Connect joint) connect fuel pressure gauge on sucker, start up engine, run the engine at idle speed, now fuel
pressure of engine should be about 260kPa; unplug fuel pressure regulator vacuum tube, now fuel pressure should
be about 300KPa.
11. Canister control valve
(1) Canister in fuel evaporation control system adsorbs oil vapor from oil tank until saturated. Electronic
control unit controls opening of canister control valve, fresh air and saturated fuel vapor in canister form
regeneration stream, which is led into engine intake pipe again. Electronic control unit changes duty ratio of pulsing
signal to canister control valve solenoid according to different operating conditions of engine, thus controls flow
of regeneration stream. In addition, this flow is also influenced by pressure difference at both ends.
Possible cause
Entering of foreign matter into valve inside results in
corrosion or poor leak tightness etc
Repair precautions:
1. To install, airflow direction must meet the specification;
2. when black granules inside valve body result in malfunction of control valve, and control valve needs to be
replaced, please check the condition of canister;
3. avoid water, oil etc liquids from entering valve as far as possible during repair;
4. in order to avoid transfer of solid-borne noise, it is recommended to install canister control valve suspending
on the hose or use soft rubber to fix.
(2) Simple measuring method:
(Remove joint) turn digital multimeter to ohm position, connect two meter pens with canister control valve pins
respectively, rated resistance at 20°C is 22 - 30 ohm.
12. Ignition coil
(1) When earthing channel of primary winding is connected, this primary winding is charged. Once ECU cut
off primary winding circuit, charging stops, high voltage is induced in secondary winding at the same time, so spark
plug discharges. Ignition coil ZSK 22 (both ends of 2 secondary windings are connected with a spark plug
respectively, so these two spark plugs ignite simultaneously.
Possible cause
Too heavy current leads to burnout, damaged by external force Repair precautions: it is prohibited to use "short circuit ignition testing method" to test ignition function, soEngine EFI System-
Engine EFI System
Engine ECU5-126as to avoid damaging electronic control unit.
(1) Simple measuring method:
(Remove joint) turn digital multimeter to ohm position, connect two meter pens with primary winding pinsrespectively, rated resistance at 2 0°C is 0. 4-0. 6 ohm for 2X2 type; on secondary winding, 11-15k ohm for 2x2 type.13. Electronic control unit ECU
Possible cause
Electric overload of externally connected
device leads to burnout of components inside
ECU and results in malfunction Symptom
Unsteady idle speed, poor speedup, failure to start, too high
idle, tail gas overproof, difficult to start, malfunction of air
conditioner, malfunction of fuel injector control, flameout
Repair precautions:
1. Don't remove ECU at discretion during repair;
2. ECU may be removed more than 1 minute after removing storage battery head;
3. Store removed ECU properly;
4. It is prohibited to attach any circuit onto connecting wire of ECU.
Simple measuring method:
1. (Connect joint) use engine data K-line to read engine trouble record;
2. (Remove joint) check whether ECU connecting wire is in good condition or not, mainly check whether ECU
power supply grounded circuit is normal or not;
3. Check whether external sensor works normally, whether output signal is credible, whether circuit is in good
condition;
4. Check whether actuator works normally, whether its circuit is in good condition;
5. Finally replace ECU to conduct test.
Judgment principle: "two interchange principle" ---interchange ECU, interchange fault symptom.III. Diagnostic system Description:
When engine ECU detects a trouble, engine trouble warning lamp on instrument will illuminate. In addition,
relevant diagnostic code will be recorded in ECU memory. Connect handheld tester with diagnostic interface on
automobile, read various data from automobile ECU. Connect handheld tester with diagnostic interface. Technical
personnel may also read fault code via blinking of instrument fault warning lamp.Engine EFI System-
Engine EFI System
Flashing way of malfuntion code 17 for O2 sensor (3) Each fault code will blink for three times, interval time is 3s, after blinking for the third times, after an
interval of 3s, next fault code will blink. After blinking of all fault codes is finished, they will blink from begining
again. The following diagram shows engine fault warning lamp blinking mode for oxygen sensor fault code 17.5-127Terminal No. Terminal definition
4 Power supply (-)
7 Bus (signal)
16 Power supply (+)Diagnosis connector Notes: use tester cable to connect handheld tester with diagnostic interface, turn ignition switch to ON position,
operate tester, if tester displays that communication is not possible, the vehicle or tester fails.
Inspection diagnosis
1. Check engine fault warning lamp
(1) When ignition switch is turned to ON position and engine does not run, engine warning lamp on
instrument should illuminate.
(2) When engine runs, engine fault warning lamp should go out. If it still illuminates, diagnostic system
detects system fault or abnormity.
2. Use handheld tester to check diagnostic code
(1) Connect handheld tester according to corresponding pin.
(2) Turn ignition switch to ON position, turn on main switch of handheld tester.
(3) Use handheld tester to detect and check diagnostic code, refer to fault diagnostic code table. (For
operation of handheld tester, see instruction manual of handheld tester)
3. Engine fault warning lamp displays fault code through blinking code, so professional may make fault
judgment in case of emergency.
(1)Turn ignition switch to ON position.
(2) Short signal pin (9#) and negative pole (4#) for more than 2. 5s,then disconnect them,detection fault lamp
on dashboard will blink the faults in fault code according to their occurrence sequence.See from terminal outlet
endConnect in jump way over 2.5s and
disconnect
Diagnosis connectorDiagnosis connectorEngine EFI System-
Engine EFI System
Chapter 2 Body RepairSection 1 Body Damage Forms and requirements For RepairI. Damage Type The damage type includes deformation, crack, rust-through, water leakage, dust leakage and the like caused
by collision, overload, fatigue, and corrosion.
The body damage is not merely caused by the huge force. As some parts (such as door etc.) are damaged, the
vehicle stays in an abnormal status, which also can cause damage. In most cases, the bend and torsion is caused
by huge local load in the impact or turnover accident.
Typical Body Damage:
1. Front Center Collision (Fig. 5-13)Fig. 5-13 Front Center CollisionBody Repair -Body Damage Forms and requirements For Repair7-9 For the damage caused by the collision on the front center, it usually makes the engine compartment front part
and the engine hood left/right side extend inwards so the following positions shall be checked:
a. Ambience of the left/right assembling position of the hood plate
b. Ambience of the joints of the front cross beam and the left/right longitudinal beam
2. Front External Force or Left External Force (Fig. 5-14)Fig. 5-14 Front External Force or Left External Force As shown in Fig. 5-14, when the front is pressed or the left side end is acted by the external force, the external
force will spread to around the front suspension mounting position from the left/right side of the hood, so
deformation occurs easily in this position.
7-14 (b) Precaution
(1) For the number of spot welding, it depends on the following
principles.
S pot welding:1.3 times of the number specified by the manufacturer
Hole-filling welding: more than the number specified by the
manufacturer
(2) When carrying out the hole-filling welding, MIG welder
shall be used. It is not allowed to use the oxyacetylene
welding or braze welding outside the specified area.
(c) Abrasion after welding
(1) After the welding, make sure to check the welding position
whether it is welded firmly.
(2) When abrading the welding position with disc abrader,
never abrade it too much, which may weakens the strength
of the welding position.
(d) Precaution of spot welding
(1) The shape of the spot welder head may affect the strength
of the welding.
(2) Make sure to remove the paint film on the surface of the spot
welding and the contact surface of the welder head.
(e) Position of spot welding
In the spot welding process, overlap with the old welding
position shall be avoided.
4. Anti-rust Processing
(a) Apply sealant
In the waterproof and antirust part operation, make sure to
apply the sealant on the joint of the steel plates,door,and engine
hood corner.Wrong CorrectWrong
Spot welding head scraper
New welding position
Old welding
positionSealant gunBody Repair -Body Damage Forms and requirements For Repair