Page 109 of 430

The engine idle speed will return to normal once
the following conditions are met:
•Once engine coolant temperature reaches
about 150°F (65°C).
•The intake temperature reaches a
certain level.
The high idle speed will be temporarily interrupted
and the engine speed will return to normal if
any of the following conditions occur:
•The brake pedal is applied.
•The accelerator pedal is pressed.
•The automatic transmission is shifted out of
PARK (P) or NEUTRAL (N).
•The clutch pedal on the manual transmission
is pressed.
•Vehicle speed is detected.
Once these conditions no longer exist, the engine
idle speed will slowly increase to high idle after
the normal delay, if the conditions for engine
coolant temperature and air intake temperature
are still met.
Engine Checks Before Operating
When you have started your engine, let it run for
20 to 30 seconds before you put a load on the
engine. But do not leave the vehicle while
the engine is running.
Avoid unnecessary idling of diesel engine
equipped vehicles.
If the engine idles too long, the temperature of the
engine coolant will fall below the normal operating
range. Low engine operating temperature
causes several conditions which affect engine
operation and reduce engine life.
The engine should be permitted to go through a
warm-up period. Operate the vehicle at a minimum
of 600 rpm during the warm-up period. During
this period and during operation, the following
observations should be made.
During this warm-up period, check your warning
lights and gages:
•If oil pressure does not begin to rise within
15 seconds of starting, stop the engine
and find the cause. SeeOil Pressure Gage on
page 175for more information.
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Page 113 of 430

Two-Speed Rear Axle Electric
Shift Control
If your vehicle has this feature, you will find a label
on the headliner above the windshield or in
another place near the driver that shows how to
use it. Be sure to follow the directions carefully.
Use the following directions based on the type of
shift control the vehicle has.
The rear axle shift
control switch for a
manual transmission
is located on the
shift lever.
When the switch is down, the rear axle is in the
high range. When the switch is up the rear axle is
in low range. Push or pull the switch to change
the range.The two-speed axle control should be in the up
position or low range when you park the vehicle.
You will need to engage the transmission and
move the vehicle a little to assure the axle is in the
low range. Then apply the parking brake, shift
into NEUTRAL and shut off the engine.
Also, always start the vehicle in motion with the
two-speed axle in the low range.
To shift up from low to high, do the following:
1. Move the switch down for the high range.
2. Disengage the clutch.
3. After a brief pause, engage the clutch and
then press down on the accelerator pedal
until the axle engages.
To shift down from high to low, do the following:
1. Release the accelerator and move the
switch upward for low range.
2. Press the accelerator pedal slowly until the
axle engages.
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Page 115 of 430

Automatic Transmission Operation
We build vehicles with Allison®five and
six-speed automatic transmissions. This part of
the manual covers the basics of these. With these
transmissions, you will find another Allison
®
manual in your vehicle that goes into more detail.
On the headliner, in front of and above the
driver, or in some other place near the driver, you
will see a label that describes important operating
facts about the automatic transmission in your
vehicle. Make sure you follow the instructions on
this label.
Be sure to keep your parking brake set until you
are ready to shift into DRIVE (D), and press
the brake pedal while shifting from NEUTRAL (N)
or PARK (P) to a drive gear.
All vehicles equipped with automatic transmissions
can be started in PARK (P), if equipped, or in
NEUTRAL (N). See the Allison
®Transmission
Operator’s Manual in your vehicle for more
information about this.
{CAUTION:
It can be dangerous to get out of your
vehicle without the parking brake rmly
set. Your vehicle can roll. If you have left
the engine running, the vehicle can move
suddenly. You or others could be injured.
To be sure your vehicle will not move,
even when you are on fairly level ground,
always set the parking brake.
{CAUTION:
Shifting into a drive gear while your
engine is running at high speed is
dangerous. Unless your foot is rmly on
the brake pedal, your vehicle could move
very rapidly. You could lose control and
hit people or objects. Do not shift into a
drive gear while your engine is running at
high speed.
115
Page 116 of 430

Overdrive Defeat
If your vehicle has this feature, you can select not
to shift up to fifth gear. This is useful when
towing or under a heavy load.
The overdrive defeat
switch is located in
the instrument panel
to the right of the
steering column.
Press the switch to limit the transmission to
fourth gear. This will allow for fewer downshifts
while pulling a trailer or under a heavy load.
The indicator light in the switch will come on
whenever overdrive defeat is active.
Manual Transmission Operation
Using the Clutch
When you are starting to move the vehicle, it is
important to begin with the engine speed at idle.
Then start to engage the clutch and listen for an
engine speed drop of about 100 rpm. At this point,
the clutch is engaging, so you should increase the
engine speed and fully engage the clutch. It is
important not to increase the engine speed sooner
or before the clutch begins its engagement. If you
do, you can cause damage to your vehicle.
Double-Clutching
You must use the double-clutching method when
you shift an unsynchronized gear set. Disengage
the clutch, shift to NEUTRAL and engage the
clutch. When upshifting, slow the engine until the
engine rpm and road speed match. When
downshifting, accelerate the engine until the
engine rpm and road speed match. Then quickly
disengage the clutch and move the shift lever
to the next gear position and engage the clutch.
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Page 117 of 430

Eaton®Fuller®Five and Six-Speed
Transmissions and TTC Spicer
Seven-Speed Transmissions
These transmissions have gears that automatically
synchronize when you shift up or down (except
FIRST (1) gear on the five-speed and seven-speed
transmission which is unsynchronized). Choose
the gear that will maintain the road speed you want
while keeping the engine above two-thirds of the
governed speed. When the engine speed
drops below two-thirds of the governed speed,
shift into the next lower gear before your engine
begins to lug. When you shift down, be sure
to double-clutch if required.
Eaton®Fuller®Nine and Ten-Speed
Non-Synchronized Manual
Transmissions
If your vehicle has one of these transmissions the
engine rpm and road speed must match when
upshifting and downshifting. The label above the
windshield will tell you the operating basics
you need to know.
The following are driving tips.
•Always choose an initial starting gear suitable
for the load and terrain.
•Always use double-clutching procedures when
shifting.
•Never move the range shift lever to the
LO speed gear position after HI range
preselection, or anytime the transmission is in
the HI range.
•Never move the range knob or lever with the
shift lever in NEUTRAL while the vehicle is
moving.
•Never make a range shift while moving in
REVERSE (R).
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Page 125 of 430

Parking
{CAUTION:
If you do not park your vehicle properly, it
can roll. If you have left the engine
running, it can move very quickly. You or
others could be injured. To be sure your
vehicle will not move, even when you are
on level ground, follow the steps below.
Parking a Vehicle With the Two-Speed
Rear Axle
1. With the engine running, shift the two-speed
rear axle into low. To be sure it is in low, you
will need to move the vehicle in gear just a little.
2. Hold the regular brake pedal down with your
right foot.
3. Apply the parking brake.
4. Shift the transmission to NEUTRAL for
manual transmission or PARK (P) for
automatic transmission.
Parking Brake (With Hydraulic
Brakes)
If your vehicle has hydraulic brakes, it has either a
parking brake foot pedal or hand lever. If you
have the parking brake foot pedal, it is located
below the instrument panel to the left of the
steering column.
If you have the parking brake hand lever, it is
located to the right of the driver, on the floor.
Parking Brake Hand Lever Shown
125
Page 132 of 430

Running the Engine While Parked
It is better not to park with the engine running. But if
you ever have to, here are some things to know.
{CAUTION:
Idling the engine with the climate control
system off could allow dangerous exhaust
into your vehicle. See the earlier caution
underEngine Exhaust on page 131.
Also, idling in a closed-in place can let
deadly carbon monoxide (CO) into your
vehicle even if the climate control fan is at
the highest setting. One place this can
happen is a garage. Exhaust — with
CO — can come in easily. NEVER park in
a garage with the engine running.
Another closed-in place can be a blizzard.
SeeWinter Driving on page 231.
{CAUTION:
It can be dangerous to get out of your
vehicle if the automatic transmission shift
lever is not fully in PARK (P) with the
parking brake rmly set. Your vehicle can
roll. Do not leave your vehicle when the
engine is running unless you have to.
If you have left the engine running, the
vehicle can move suddenly. You or others
could be injured. To be sure your vehicle
will not move, even when it is on fairly
level ground, always set the parking brake
and move the automatic transmission
shift lever to PARK (P), or the manual
transmission shift lever to NEUTRAL.
Follow the proper steps to be sure your vehicle
will not move.
132
Page 141 of 430

A. Air Outlets. SeeOutlet Adjustment on
page 160.
B. Instrument Panel Cluster. SeeInstrument
Panel Cluster on page 162.
C. Shift Lever. SeeAutomatic Transmission
Operation on page 115orManual Transmission
Operation on page 116.
D. Air Brake Controls. SeeParking Brake (With
Hydraulic Brakes) on page 125orParking
Brake (with Air Brakes) on page 126.
E. Transfer Case Controls (If Equipped). See
Four-Wheel Drive on page 119. Air Filter Gage
(If Equipped). SeeAir Filter Restriction
Indicator on page 182.
F. Auxiliary Gages. SeeWarning Lights, Gages,
and Indicators on page 161.
G. Exterior Lamp Control. SeeExterior Lamps on
page 150.H. Turn Signal/Multifunction Lever. SeeTurn
Signal/Multifunction Lever on page 143.
I. Hazard Warning Flashers Button. SeeHazard
Warning Flashers on page 142.
J. Audio System(s). SeeAudio System(s) on
page 184.
K. Climate Controls. SeeClimate Control System
on page 157.
L. Instrument Panel Switchbank. SeeInstrument
Panel Switchbank on page 154.
M. Airbag Off Switch. SeeAirbag Off Switch on
page 76.
N. Accessory Power Outlets. SeeAccessory
Power Outlet(s) on page 156.
141