2006 BMW MOTORRAD K 1200 S wheel

Brake system with
BMW Motorrad
Integral ABSPartially integral brakesYour motorcycle is equipped
with partially integral brakes.
Both front and rear brakes
are applied when you pull the
handbrake lever. The foot-
brake lever acts only on the
rear brake.
When actively intervening
in the braking process, the
BMW Motorrad Integral ABS
adapts braking-force distri-
bution between front and rear
brakes to suit the load on the
motorcycle.The integral braking
function makes it
very difficult to spin the
rear wheel by opening
the throttle with the front
brake applied to keep the
motorcycle stationary (burn- out). Attempted burn-outs
can result in damage to the
rear brake and the clutch.
Do not attempt burn-outs.
How does ABS work?The amount of braking force
that can be transferred to
the road depends on factors
hat include the coefficient of
friction of the road surface.
Loose stones, ice and snow
or a wet road all have much
lower coefficients of friction
than a clean, dry asphalt sur-
face. The lower the coeffi-
cient of friction, the longer the
braking distance.
If the rider increases braking
pressure to the extent that
braking force exceeds the
maximum transferrable limit,
the wheels start to lock and
the motorcycle loses its dir-
ectional stability; a fall is im-
minent. Before this situation
can occur, ABS intervenes
and adapts braking pressure
to the maximum transferrable
braking force, so the wheels
continue to turn and direc-
tional stability is maintained
irrespective of the condition of
the road surface.
What are the effects of
surface irregularities?Humps and surface irregu-
larities can cause the wheels
to lose contact temporarily
with the road surface; if this
happens the braking force
that can be transmitted to
the road can drop to zero.
If the brakes are applied un-
der these circumstances the
ABS has to reduce braking
force to ensure that direc-
tional stability is maintained
when the wheels regain con-
tact with the road surface.
At this instant the BMW Mo-
574zRiding

torrad Integral ABS must as-
sume an extremely low coef-
ficient of friction, so that the
wheels will continue to rotate
under all imaginable circum-
stances, because this is the
precondition for ensuring dir-
ectional stability. As soon as
is registers the actual circum-
stances, the system reacts
instantly and adjusts braking
force accordingly to achieve
optimum braking.What feedback does the
rider receive from the
BMW Motorrad Integral
ABS?If the ABS system has to re-
duce braking force on ac-
count of the circumstances
described above, vibration is
perceptible through the hand-
brake lever.
When the handbrake lever is
pulled, brake pressure is alsobuilt up at the rear wheel by
the integral function. If the
brake pedal is depressed
after the handbrake lever is
pulled, the brake pressure
built up beforehand is per-
ceptible as counter-pressure
sooner than is the case when
the brake pedal is depressed
either before or at the same
time as the brake lever is
pulled.
How can stopping
distance be minimised?Each time the brakes are
applied, a load distribution
shift takes place with the
load shifting forward from
the rear to the front wheel.
The sharper the motorcycle
decelerates, the more load
is shifted to the front wheel.
The higher the wheel load, the
more braking force can be
transmitted without the wheel
locking.
To optimise stopping dis-
tance, apply the front brakes
rapidly and keep on increas-
ing the force you apply to the
brake lever. This makes the
best possible use of the dy-
namic increase in load at the
front wheel. Remember to
pull the clutch at the same
time. In the "panic braking
situations" that are trained so
frequently braking force is ap-
plied as rapidly as possible
and with the rider's full force
applied to the brake levers;
under these circumstances
the dynamic shift in load dis-
tribution cannot keep pace
with the increase in decel-
eration and the tyres cannot
transmit the full braking force
to the surface of the road.
ABS has to intervene to keep
the front wheel from locking;
575zRiding

this increases stopping dis-
tance.Rear wheel liftEven under severe braking,
a high level of tyre grip can
mean that the front wheel
does not lock up until very
late, if at all. Consequently,
ABS does not intervene until
very late, if at all. Under these
circumstances the rear wheel
can lift off the ground, and the
outcome can be a highsiding
situation in which the motor-
cycle can flip over.Severe braking can
cause the rear wheel to
lift off the ground.
When you brake, bear in mind
that ABS control cannot be
relied on in all circumstances
to prevent the rear wheel from
lifting clear of the ground.
What is the design
baseline for BMW
Motorrad Integral ABS?Within the limits imposed by
physics, the BMW Motorrad
Integral ABS ensures direc-
tional stability on any surface.
The system is not optimised
for special requirements that
apply under extreme compet-
itive situations off-road or on
the track.Special situationsThe speeds of the front and
rear wheels are compared
as one means of detecting a
wheel's incipient tendency to
lock. If the system registers
implausible values for a
lengthy period the ABS
function is deactivated
for safety reasons and
an ABS fault message is
issued. Self-diagnosis has to complete before fault
messages can be issued.
In addition to problems with
the BMW Motorrad Integ-
ral ABS, exceptional riding
conditions can lead to a fault
message being issued.
Exceptional riding
conditions:
Heating up with the motor-
cycle on the centre stand
or an auxiliary stand, en-
gine idling or with a gear
engaged.
Rear wheel locked by the
engine brake for a lengthy
period, for example while
descending off-road.
If a fault message is issued on
account of exceptional riding
conditions as outlined above,
you can reactivate the ABS
function by switching the igni-
tion off and on again.
576zRiding

Maintenance
General instructions . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Toolkit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Engine oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Brake system, general . . . . . . . . . 91
Brake pads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Brake fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Clutch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Tyres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Rims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Front-wheel stand . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Rear-wheel stand . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Jump start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
787zMaintenance

1 extending tool holderAdapters to accommodate
all tools
2 1/4" bits 5x Torx bits
2x cross-head bits
1x plain screwdriver bit
3 3/8" adapter for socket-
head screws, w/f 22 Removing and installing
front wheel
4 Electric torch LED bulb 5 Set of spanners
3x open-ended spanners,
various sizes
6 Bit adapter Adapter for 1/4" bits
9x12 mm and 3/8" swivel
adapters
Engine oilChecking engine oil level
The engine can seize if
the oil level is low, and
this can lead to accidents.
Always make sure that the oil
level is correct.
Oil can collect in the
sump if the motorcycle
is out of use for an extended
period of time; this oil has to
be pumped into the oil tank
before the level is read. The
engine oil must be at oper-
ating temperature to do this.
Checking the oil level with the engine cold or after no more
than a short ride will lead to
misinterpretation; this in turn,
means that the engine will be
operated with the incorrect
quantity of oil.
In order to ensure that the en-
gine oil level is read correctly,
check the oil level only after a
lengthy trip.
The oil level varies with
the temperature of the
oil. The higher the temperat-
ure the higher the oil level in
the oil tank. Check the engine
oil level immediately after a
lengthy journey.
Make sure the engine is at
operating temperature and
hold the motorcycle upright.
with OA Centre stand:
Check that the engine is
at operating temperature,
make sure the ground is
level and firm and place
789zMaintenance

an authorised BMW Motorrad
dealer.Check operation of the
brakesPull the handbrake lever.
The pressure point must be
clearly perceptible.
Press the footbrake lever.
The pressure point must be
clearly perceptible.Brake padsChecking brake-pad
thickness, front brakes
Brake pads worn past
the minimum permissible
thickness can cause a reduc-
tion in braking efficiency and
under certain circumstances
they can cause damage to
the brake system.
In order to ensure the de-
pendability of the brake sys-
tem, do not permit the brake pads to wear past the minim-
um permissible thickness.
Make sure the ground is
level and firm and place the
motorcycle on its stand.
Visually inspect the left and
right brake pads to ascer-
tain their thickness. Viewing
direction: Between wheel
and front fork toward the
brake caliper. Brake-pad thickness,
front
The wear indicators on
the brake pads must be
clearly visible.
If the wear indicating mark is
no longer clearly visible: Have the brake pads re-
placed by a specialist work-
shop, preferably an author-
ised BMW Motorrad dealer.
792zMaintenance

ably an authorised BMW
Motorrad dealer.The clutch system is
filled with a special hy-
draulic fluid that does not
have to be changed.TyresCheck the tyre tread
depth
Your motorcycle's hand-
ling and grip can be im-
paired even before the tyres
wear to the minimum tyre
tread depth permitted by law.
Have the tyres changed in
good time before they wear
to the minimum permissible
tread depth.
Make sure the ground is
level and firm and place the
motorcycle on its stand. Measure the tyre tread
depth in the main tread
grooves with wear marks.
Tyres have wear indic-
ators integrated into the
main tread grooves. The tyre
is worn out when the tyre
tread has worn down to the
level of the marks. The loca-
tions of the marks are indic-
ated on the edge of the tyre,
e.g. by the letters TI, TWI or
by an arrow.
If the tyre tread is worn to
minimum:
Replace tyre or tyres, as ap-
plicable.
RimsChecking rimsMake sure the ground is
level and firm and place the
motorcycle on its stand. Visually inspect the rims for
defects.
Have damaged rims
checked and, if necessary,
replaced by a specialist
workshop, preferably an
authorised BMW Motorrad
dealer.
WheelsApproved wheels and
tyresFor each size of tyre BMW
Motorrad tests certain makes,
and approves those that it
certifies as roadworthy. If
BMW Motorrad has not ap-
proved the wheels and tyres,
it cannot assess their suitab-
ility or provide any guarantee
of road safety.
Use only wheels and tyres ap-
proved by BMW Motorrad for
your type of motorcycle.
797zMaintenance

You can obtain detailed in-
formation from your author-
ised BMW Motorrad dealer or
on the Internet at www.bmw-
motorrad.com.RDC label
OE
Incorrect tyre-removal
procedures can result in
damage to the RDC sensors.
Be sure to notify the author-
ised BMW Motorrad dealer or
specialist workshop that the
wheel is fitted with an RDC
sensor. If the motorcycle is equipped
with RDC, each wheel rim
bears an adhesive label indic-
ating the position of the RDC
sensor. When changing the
tyre, take care not to damage
the RDC sensor. Be sure to
draw the attention of the au-
thorised BMW Motorrad deal-
er or specialist workshop to
the fact that the wheel is fitted
with an RDC sensor.
Remove the front wheelPlace the motorcycle on an
auxiliary stand; BMW Motor-
rad recommends the BMW
Motorrad rear-wheel stand.
Fitting the rear wheel stand
( 107)
with OA Centre stand:
Make sure the ground is
level and firm and place
the motorcycle on its centre
stand. Remove screws
1on left
and right.
Pull the front mudguard for-
ward to remove.
798zMaintenance