2003 NISSAN X-TRAIL clock

PS-6
POWER STEERING FLUID

POWER STEERING FLUIDPFP:KLF20
Checking Fluid LevelEGS0004B

Check the fluid level with the engine OFF.

Check that fluid level is between MAX and MIN marks on tank.
Fluid level should not exceed MAX mark. Excessive fluid will
cause fluid to leak from cap.

Note that fluid level can change depending on temperature of
fluid. HIGH and LOW marks are shown on tank to indicate the
proper level at high temperature and low temperature respec-
tively.
CAUTION:

Never reuse drained power steering fluid.

Use DEXRONTM III or equivalent. Never use Nissan Power Steering Fluid Special, Nissan Matic
Fluid C, or D.
Checking Fluid LeakageEGS0004C
Check hydraulic connections for any leakage, crack, damage, loose-
ness, or wear.
1. Run engine until fluid temperature reaches 50 to 80°C (122 to
176°F) in reservoir tank. Keep engine speed at idle.
2. Turn steering wheel several times from stop to stop.
3. Turn the steering wheel clockwise or counter clockwise until it
reaches the stop and hold it for five seconds. Check for fluid
leak.
CAUTION:
Do not hold steering wheel at stop for 15 seconds or longer.
Otherwise, pump may be damaged.
4. If any leak is found on joint, loosen and retighten flair nut. Excessive tightening may damage O-ring,
washer, or connector.
Bleeding Hydraulic SystemEGS0004D
1. Lift vehicle.
2. Fill tank up to MAX mark. Turn steering wheel several times from stop to stop. Add fluid if fluid level goes
down. Repeat this step until there is no fluid decrease and no bubble in tank.
3. Start engine and repeat step above with engine at idle. Continue step until no decrease in fluid happens.
If bleeding is not complete, following symptoms can be observed.

Bubbles are created in reservoir tank.

Rattling noise can be heard from oil pump.

Whining noise can be heard from oil pump.
Turn steering wheel slowly or stop vehicle. Sound of fluid movement may be heard from gear valve and
pump. This sound has nothing to do with steering performance or durability.HOT : Oil temperature 50 to 80°C (122 to 176°F)
COLD : Oil temperature 0 to 30°C (32 to 86°F)
STC0996D
SST836C

STEERING WHEEL
PS-7
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PS

STEERING WHEELPFP:48430
On-Vehicle Inspection and ServiceEGS0004E
PLAY INSPECTION
1. Turn steering wheel to straight-ahead position. Start engine and lightly turn steering wheel clockwise and
counter clockwise until front wheels start moving. Measure travel to starting point on circumference of
steering wheel.
2. If play is outside specifications, check following parts for proper installation: steering gear assembly, front
suspension, axles, and steering column.

Check steering wheel for vertical, horizontal, or axial play.

Lift vehicle and check steering gear mounting bolts and nuts for looseness.
NEUTRAL POSITION INSPECTION

After the wheel alignment inspection, carry out the neutral position inspection. Refer to FSU-6, "Wheel
Alignment" .

Before removing steering wheel, check steering gear neutral position.
1. Set vehicle to straight-ahead position, and check that steering wheel is in neutral position.
2. If it is not in neutral position, remove steering wheel, and install again in properly.
3. If it is not adjusted within two teeth from center of gear, loosen tie rod lock nut. Then turn it to opposite
direction to adjust until amount of left and right becomes equal.
STEERING TORQUE CHECK
1. Stop vehicle on a dry flat paved road and apply parking brake.
2. Start engine and wait until power steering fluid warms up. Using
a preload gauge (SST), check rotating torque of steering wheel.
3. If torque is outside specifications, check rack sliding torque and
oil pump relief pressure.
STEERING ANGLE INSPECTION

After toe-in inspection, check steering angle. Place front wheels
on turning radius gauges and rear wheels on stands. Level the
vehicle. Check maximum inner and outer wheel steering angles
for LH and RH road wheels.Steering wheel play inspection standard : 0 - 35 mm (0 - 1.38 in)
Steering wheel axial endplay : 0 mm (0 in)
Tightening torque : 140 - 160 N·m (15 - 16 kg-m, 104 - 118 ft-lb)
Steering torque:
706 N·cm (72 kg-cm, 62 in-lb) or less
Rack sliding torque:
153 - 240 N (15.5 - 24.5 kg, 34.3 - 54.2 lb)
Oil pump relief hydraulic pressure:
8,000 - 8,800 kPa (81.4 - 87.3 bar, 83 - 89 kg/cm
2 , 1,180 - 1,266 psi)
STA0005D
FAA0016D

PS-8
STEERING WHEEL


Start engine. With engine at idle, turn steering wheel from stop
to stop and measure steering angles.

If angles are outside specification, measure rack stroke.

If rack stroke is outside of specification, disassemble steering
gear to check rack stroke.

Steering angles are not adjustable. If any of steering angles is different from specified value, check steer-
ing gear, the column and the front suspension components for wear or damage. If any abnormality exists,
replace the malfunctioning parts.
Removal and InstallationEGS0004F
REMOVAL
1. Remove air bag module. Refer to SRS-30, "DRIVER AIR BAG MODULE" .
2. Remove horn connector.
3. Remove steering wheel mounting nut and paint mating marks on steering wheel body and top of column
shaft.
4. Using a steering wheel puller (SST), remove steering wheel.
INSTALLATION
Paying attention to following items, install in the reverse order of removal.
NOTE:

When reconnecting spiral cable, fix cable with a tape so that fixing case and rotating part keep aligned.
This will omit neutral position alignment procedure during spiral cable installation.

Neutral position (refer to figure)... Gently turn spiral cable clock-
wise until it comes to the stop. Then turn it counter clockwise
(approximately 3.0 turns) until centering mark is aligned with
adjustment mark. (Service part is fixed in neutral position with
stopper. It can be installed onto steering wheel without align-
ment once stopper is removed.)
CAUTION:

Place steering wheel as follows: Front wheels in straight-
ahead position. R mark on the cancel claw faces down. 3
bosses align with 3 holes behind steering wheel assembly.
Check that spiral cable is placed in neutral position and that
locating pin on the left of the spiral cable is aligned with the
locating pinhole behind the steering wheel assembly.

Do not rotate spiral cable more than necessary. Do not tighten them excessively. (The cable may
be torn off.)

After installation, check system for proper operation by observing air bag warning lamp.

If air bag indicator indicates any abnormal condition, use self-diagnosis function or CONSULT to
reset or cancel memory.Inner wheel Minimum : 36°
Nominal : 39°
Maximum : 40°
Outer wheel : 31°
Rack stroke : 66.5 mm (2.618 in)
SGIA0055E
SGIA0080E
SGIA0096E

PS-22
POWER STEERING GEAR AND LINKAGE

19. Use preload gauge (SST) and torque adapter (SST). Measure
pinion rotation torque within ±180° of neutral position of the gear.
Stop the gear at the point where highest torque is read.
20. Loosen adjusting screw and retighten to 4.9 - 5.9 N·m (0.50 -
0.60 kg-m, 44 - 52 in-lb), and then loosen by 60 - 80°(140-
176°F).
21. With adjusting screw held in place, tighten lock nut to 40 - 58
N·m (4.0 - 6.0 kg-m, 29 - 43 ft-lb).
22. Using a preload gauge (SST), measure rotating torque of pinion
gear. Check that reading is within range specified. If reading is
outside specification, readjust rack. If reading is still outside
specification, replace power steering gear.
23. With tie rod gear installed to gear assembly, turn pinion gear
fully to left.
24. Set dial gauge as shown in figure. Measure vertical movement
of rack when pinion is turned counterclockwise with torque of 4.9
N·m (0.5 kg-m, 43 in-lb). Check reading is within range speci-
fied. If reading is outside of specification, readjust rack. If read-
ing is still outside of specification, replace power steering gear.
25. Position boot band on large-diameter side before installing it.
26. Install small-diameter side of boot to inner socket boot mounting
groove.
27. Install boot band to small-diameter side of boot.
STC0036D
SGIA0098E
Rotational torque of pinion gear : Around neutral position [within ±11.5 mm (0.453 in)]
Average A : 1.67 - 2.25 N·m (0.17 - 0.22 kg-m, 1.3 - 1.6 ft-lb)
Maximum variation B : 0.98 N·m (0.10 kg-m, 1 ft-lb)
Other than above
Average A : 2.94 N·m (0.30 kg-m, 2 ft-lb)
Maximum variation B : 1.47 N·m (0.15 kg-m, 1 ft-lb)
Specification : 0.08 mm (0.0031 in) or less
SGIA0465E
Measuring point in shown in figure at right.Rack axle direction 5 mm (0.197 in) from housing vertical surface
Rack radial direction Direction of adjusting screw
SGIA0550E

BL-6
SQUEAK AND RATTLE TROUBLE DIAGNOSES

SQUEAK AND RATTLE TROUBLE DIAGNOSESPFP:00000
Work FlowEIS008PR
CUSTOMER INTERVIEW
Interview the customer if possible, to determine the conditions that exist when the noise occurs. Use the Diag-
nostic Worksheet during the interview to document the facts and conditions when the noise occurs and any
customer's comments; refer to BL-10, "
Diagnostic Worksheet" . This information is necessary to duplicate the
conditions that exist when the noise occurs.

The customer may not be able to provide a detailed description or the location of the noise. Attempt to
obtain all the facts and conditions that exist when the noise occurs (or does not occur).

If there is more than one noise in the vehicle, be sure to diagnose and repair the noise that the customer
is concerned about. This can be accomplished by test driving the vehicle with the customer.

After identifying the type of noise, isolate the noise in terms of its characteristics. The noise characteristics
are provided so the customer, service adviser and technician are all speaking the same language when
defining the noise.

Squeak —(Like tennis shoes on a clean floor)
Squeak characteristics include the light contact/fast movement/brought on by road conditions/hard sur-
faces=higher pitch noise/softer surfaces=lower pitch noises/edge to surface=chirping

Creak—(Like walking on an old wooden floor)
Creak characteristics include firm contact/slow movement/twisting with a rotational movement/pitch
dependent on materials/often brought on by activity.

Rattle—(Like shaking a baby rattle)
Rattle characteristics include the fast repeated contact/vibration or similar movement/loose parts/missing
clip or fastener/incorrect clearance.

Knock —(Like a knock on a door)
Knock characteristics include hollow sounding/sometimes repeating/often brought on by driver action.

Tick—(Like a clock second hand)
Tick characteristics include gentle contacting of light materials/loose components/can be caused by driver
action or road conditions.

Thump—(Heavy, muffled knock noise)
Thump characteristics include softer knock/dead sound often drought on by activity.

Buzz—(Like a bumble bee)
Buzz characteristics include high frequency rattle/firm contact.

Often the degree of acceptable noise level will vary depending upon the person. A noise that you may
judge as acceptable may be very irritating to the customer.

Weather conditions, especially humidity and temperature, may have a great effect on noise level.
SBT842

SQUEAK AND RATTLE TROUBLE DIAGNOSES
GW-5
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SQUEAK AND RATTLE TROUBLE DIAGNOSESPFP:00000
Work FlowEIS008NP
CUSTOMER INTERVIEW
Interview the customer if possible, to determine the conditions that exist when the noise occurs. Use the Diag-
nostic Worksheet during the interview to document the facts and conditions when the noise occurs and any
customer's comments; refer to GW-9, "
Diagnostic Worksheet" . This information is necessary to duplicate the
conditions that exist when the noise occurs.

The customer may not be able to provide a detailed description or the location of the noise. Attempt to
obtain all the facts and conditions that exist when the noise occurs (or does not occur).

If there is more than one noise in the vehicle, be sure to diagnose and repair the noise that the customer
is concerned about. This can be accomplished by test driving the vehicle with the customer.

After identifying the type of noise, isolate the noise in terms of its characteristics. The noise characteristics
are provided so the customer, service adviser and technician are all speaking the same language when
defining the noise.

Squeak —(Like tennis shoes on a clean floor)
Squeak characteristics include the light contact/fast movement/brought on by road conditions/hard sur-
faces=higher pitch noise/softer surfaces=lower pitch noises/edge to surface=chirping

Creak—(Like walking on an old wooden floor)
Creak characteristics include firm contact/slow movement/twisting with a rotational movement/pitch
dependent on materials/often brought on by activity.

Rattle—(Like shaking a baby rattle)
Rattle characteristics include the fast repeated contact/vibration or similar movement/loose parts/missing
clip or fastener/incorrect clearance.

Knock —(Like a knock on a door)
Knock characteristics include hollow sounding/sometimes repeating/often brought on by driver action.

Tick—(Like a clock second hand)
Tick characteristics include gentle contacting of light materials/loose components/can be caused by driver
action or road conditions.

Thump—(Heavy, muffled knock noise)
Thump characteristics include softer knock/dead sound often drought on by activity.

Buzz—(Like a bumble bee)
Buzz characteristics include high frequency rattle/firm contact.

Often the degree of acceptable noise level will vary depending upon the person. A noise that you may
judge as acceptable may be very irritating to the customer.

Weather conditions, especially humidity and temperature, may have a great effect on noise level.
SBT842

RF-4
SQUEAK AND RATTLE TROUBLE DIAGNOSES

SQUEAK AND RATTLE TROUBLE DIAGNOSESPFP:00000
Work FlowEIS008C8
CUSTOMER INTERVIEW
Interview the customer if possible, to determine the conditions that exist when the noise occurs. Use the Diag-
nostic Worksheet during the interview to document the facts and conditions when the noise occurs and any
customer's comments; refer to RF-8, "
Diagnostic Worksheet" . This information is necessary to duplicate the
conditions that exist when the noise occurs.

The customer may not be able to provide a detailed description or the location of the noise. Attempt to
obtain all the facts and conditions that exist when the noise occurs (or does not occur).

If there is more than one noise in the vehicle, be sure to diagnose and repair the noise that the customer
is concerned about. This can be accomplished by test driving the vehicle with the customer.

After identifying the type of noise, isolate the noise in terms of its characteristics. The noise characteristics
are provided so the customer, service adviser and technician are all speaking the same language when
defining the noise.

Squeak —(Like tennis shoes on a clean floor)
Squeak characteristics include the light contact/fast movement/brought on by road conditions/hard sur-
faces=higher pitch noise/softer surfaces=lower pitch noises/edge to surface=chirping

Creak—(Like walking on an old wooden floor)
Creak characteristics include firm contact/slow movement/twisting with a rotational movement/pitch
dependent on materials/often brought on by activity.

Rattle—(Like shaking a baby rattle)
Rattle characteristics include the fast repeated contact/vibration or similar movement/loose parts/missing
clip or fastener/incorrect clearance.

Knock —(Like a knock on a door)
Knock characteristics include hollow sounding/sometimes repeating/often brought on by driver action.

Tick—(Like a clock second hand)
Tick characteristics include gentle contacting of light materials/loose components/can be caused by driver
action or road conditions.

Thump—(Heavy, muffled knock noise)
Thump characteristics include softer knock/dead sound often drought on by activity.

Buzz—(Like a bumble bee)
Buzz characteristics include high frequency rattle/firm contact.

Often the degree of acceptable noise level will vary depending upon the person. A noise that you may
judge as acceptable may be very irritating to the customer.

Weather conditions, especially humidity and temperature, may have a great effect on noise level.
SBT842

SQUEAK AND RATTLE TROUBLE DIAGNOSES
EI-5
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EI

SQUEAK AND RATTLE TROUBLE DIAGNOSESPFP:00000
Work FlowEIS008NT
CUSTOMER INTERVIEW
Interview the customer if possible, to determine the conditions that exist when the noise occurs. Use the Diag-
nostic Worksheet during the interview to document the facts and conditions when the noise occurs and any
customer's comments; refer to EI-9, "
Diagnostic Worksheet" . This information is necessary to duplicate the
conditions that exist when the noise occurs.

The customer may not be able to provide a detailed description or the location of the noise. Attempt to
obtain all the facts and conditions that exist when the noise occurs (or does not occur).

If there is more than one noise in the vehicle, be sure to diagnose and repair the noise that the customer
is concerned about. This can be accomplished by test driving the vehicle with the customer.

After identifying the type of noise, isolate the noise in terms of its characteristics. The noise characteristics
are provided so the customer, service adviser and technician are all speaking the same language when
defining the noise.

Squeak —(Like tennis shoes on a clean floor)
Squeak characteristics include the light contact/fast movement/brought on by road conditions/hard sur-
faces=higher pitch noise/softer surfaces=lower pitch noises/edge to surface=chirping

Creak—(Like walking on an old wooden floor)
Creak characteristics include firm contact/slow movement/twisting with a rotational movement/pitch
dependent on materials/often brought on by activity.

Rattle—(Like shaking a baby rattle)
Rattle characteristics include the fast repeated contact/vibration or similar movement/loose parts/missing
clip or fastener/incorrect clearance.

Knock —(Like a knock on a door)
Knock characteristics include hollow sounding/sometimes repeating/often brought on by driver action.

Tick—(Like a clock second hand)
Tick characteristics include gentle contacting of light materials/loose components/can be caused by driver
action or road conditions.

Thump—(Heavy, muffled knock noise)
Thump characteristics include softer knock/dead sound often drought on by activity.

Buzz—(Like a bumble bee)
Buzz characteristics include high frequency rattle/firm contact.

Often the degree of acceptable noise level will vary depending upon the person. A noise that you may
judge as acceptable may be very irritating to the customer.

Weather conditions, especially humidity and temperature, may have a great effect on noise level.
SBT842