2003 NISSAN X-TRAIL starting system

ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
EC-497
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*3: ECM determines the start signal status by the signals of engine speed and battery voltage.
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The amount of fuel injected from the fuel injector is determined by the ECM. The ECM controls the length of
time the valve remains open (injection pulse duration). The amount of fuel injected is a program value in the
ECM memory. The program value is preset by engine operating conditions. These conditions are determined
by input signals (for engine speed and intake air) from both the crankshaft position sensor and the mass air
flow sensor.
VARIOUS FUEL INJECTION INCREASE/DECREASE COMPENSATION
In addition, the amount of fuel injected is compensated to improve engine performance under various operat-
ing conditions as listed below.


During warm-up

When starting the engine

During acceleration

Hot-engine operation

When selector lever is changed from N to D (A/T models)

High-load, high-speed operation


During deceleration

During high engine speed operation
MIXTURE RATIO FEEDBACK CONTROL (CLOSED LOOP CONTROL)
The mixture ratio feedback system provides the best air-fuel mixture ratio for driveability and emission control.
The three way catalyst (manifold) can then better reduce CO, HC and NOx emissions. This system uses
heated oxygen sensor 1 in the exhaust manifold to monitor whether the engine operation is rich or lean. The
ECM adjusts the injection pulse width according to the sensor voltage signal. For more information about
heated oxygen sensor 1, refer to EC-176
. This maintains the mixture ratio within the range of stoichiometric
(ideal air-fuel mixture).
This stage is referred to as the closed loop control condition.
Heated oxygen sensor 2 is located downstream of the three way catalyst (manifold). Even if the switching
characteristics of heated oxygen sensor 1 shift, the air-fuel ratio is controlled to stoichiometric by the signal
from heated oxygen sensor 2.
Open Loop Control
The open loop system condition refers to when the ECM detects any of the following conditions. Feedback
control stops in order to maintain stabilized fuel combustion.

Deceleration and acceleration

High-load, high-speed operation

Malfunction of heated oxygen sensor 1 or its circuit

Insufficient activation of heated oxygen sensor 1 at low engine coolant temperature

High engine coolant temperature

During warm-up

After shifting from N to D (A/T models)

When starting the engine
PBIB0121E

ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
EC-499
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Electronic Ignition (EI) SystemEBS010WQ
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL CHART
*1: This signal is sent to the ECM through CAN communication line.
*2: ECM determines the start signal status by the signals of engine speed and battery voltage.
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The ignition timing is controlled by the ECM to maintain the best air-
fuel ratio for every running condition of the engine. The ignition tim-
ing data is stored in the ECM. This data forms the map shown.
The ECM receives information such as the injection pulse width and
camshaft position sensor signal. Computing this information, ignition
signals are transmitted to the power transistor.
e.g., N: 1,800 rpm, Tp: 1.50 msec
A °BTDC
During the following conditions, the ignition timing is revised by the
ECM according to the other data stored in the ECM.

At starting

During warm-up

At idle

At low battery voltage

During acceleration
The knock sensor retard system is designed only for emergencies. The basic ignition timing is programmed
within the anti-knocking zone, if recommended fuel is used under dry conditions. The retard system does not
operate under normal driving conditions. If engine knocking occurs, the knock sensor monitors the condition.
The signal is transmitted to the ECM. The ECM retards the ignition timing to eliminate the knocking condition.
Air Conditioning Cut ControlEBS010WR
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL CHART
*1: This signal is sent to the ECM through CAN communication line.
*2: ECM determines the start signal status by the signals of engine speed and battery voltage.Sensor Input Signal to ECM ECM function Actuator
Crankshaft position sensor (POS)
Engine speed*
2 and piston position
Ignition timing
controlPower transistor Camshaft position sensor (PHASE)
Mass air flow sensor Amount of intake air
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Throttle position sensor Throttle position
Accelerator pedal position sensor Accelerator pedal position
Knock sensor Engine knocking
Park/neutral position (PNP) switch Gear position
Battery
Battery voltage*
2
Wheel sensor*1Vehicle speed
SEF742M
Sensor Input Signal to ECM ECM function Actuator
Air conditioner switch Air conditioner ON signal
Air conditioner
cut controlAir conditioner relay Throttle position sensor Throttle valve opening angle
Crankshaft position sensor (POS)
Camshaft position sensor (PHASE)Engine speed*
2
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Battery
Battery voltage*
2
Refrigerant pressure sensor Refrigerant pressure
Power steering pressure sensor Power steering operation
Wheel sensor*
1Vehicle speed

EC-518
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ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC (OBD) SYSTEM

DIAGNOSTIC TEST MODE I — MALFUNCTION WARNING

These DTC numbers are clarified in Diagnostic Test Mode II (SELF-DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS)
DIAGNOSTIC TEST MODE II — SELF-DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS
In this mode, the DTC and 1st trip DTC are indicated by the number of blinks of the MI as shown below.
The DTC and 1st trip DTC are displayed at the same time. If the MI does not illuminate in diagnostic test mode
I (Malfunction warning), all displayed items are 1st trip DTCs. If only one code is displayed when the MI illumi-
nates in diagnostic test mode II (SELF-DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS), it is a DTC; if two or more codes are dis-
played, they may be either DTCs or 1st trip DTCs. DTC No. is same as that of 1st trip DTC. These unidentified
codes can be identified by using the CONSULT-II. A DTC will be used as an example for how to read a code.
A particular trouble code can be identified by the number of four-digit numeral flashes. The “zero” is indicated
by the number of ten flashes. The length of time the 1,000th-digit numeral flashes on and off is 1.2 seconds
consisting of an ON (0.6-second) - OFF (0.6-second) cycle.
The 100th-digit numeral and lower digit numerals consist of a 0.3-second ON and 0.3-second OFF cycle.
A change from one digit numeral to another occurs at an interval of 1.0-second OFF. In other words, the later
numeral appears on the display 1.3 seconds after the former numeral has disappeared.
A change from one trouble code to another occurs at an interval of 1.8-second OFF.
In this way, all the detected malfunctions are classified by their DTC numbers. The DTC 0000 refers to no mal-
function. (See EC-482, "
INDEX FOR DTC" )
How to Erase Diagnostic Test Mode II (Self-diagnostic Results)
The DTC can be erased from the back up memory in the ECM by depressing accelerator pedal. Refer to EC-
517, "HOW TO SWITCH DIAGNOSTIC TEST MODE" .

If the battery is disconnected, the DTC will be lost from the backup memory within 24 hours.

Be careful not to erase the stored memory before starting trouble diagnoses.
DIAGNOSTIC TEST MODE II — HEATED OXYGEN SENSOR 1 MONITOR
In this mode, the MI displays the condition of the fuel mixture (lean or rich) which is monitored by the heated
oxygen sensor 1.
*: Maintains conditions just before switching to open loop.MI Condition
ON When the malfunction is detected.
OFF No malfunction.
PBIA3905E
MI Fuel mixture condition in the exhaust gas Air fuel ratio feedback control condition
ON Lean
Closed loop system
OFF Rich
*Remains ON or OFF Any condition Open loop system

EC-646
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DTC P0340 CMP SENSOR (PHASE)

DTC P0340 CMP SENSOR (PHASE)PFP:23731
Component DescriptionEBS010ZP
The camshaft position sensor (PHASE) senses the retraction of
intake valve camshaft to identify a particular cylinder. The camshaft
position sensor (PHASE) senses the piston position.
When the crankshaft position sensor (POS) system becomes inoper-
ative, the camshaft position sensor (PHASE) provides various con-
trols of engine parts instead, utilizing timing of cylinder identification
signals.
The sensor consists of a permanent magnet and Hall IC.
When engine is running, the high and low parts of the teeth cause
the gap with the sensor to change.
The changing gap causes the magnetic field near the sensor to
change.
Due to the changing magnetic field, the voltage from the sensor changes.
On Board Diagnosis LogicEBS010ZQ
DTC Confirmation ProcedureEBS010ZR
NOTE:
If DTC Confirmation Procedure has been previously conducted, always turn ignition switch OFF and wait at
least 10 seconds before conducting the next test.
TESTING CONDITION:
Before performing the following procedure, confirm that battery voltage is more than 10.5V with igni-
tion switch ON.
WITH CONSULT-II
1. Turn ignition switch ON.
2. Select “DATA MONITOR” mode with CONSULT-II.
3. Crank engine for at least 2 seconds and run it for at least 5 sec-
onds at idle speed.
4. If 1st trip DTC is detected, go to EC-649, "
Diagnostic Procedure"
.
If 1st trip DTC is not detected, go to next step.
5. Maintain engine speed at more than 800 rpm for at least 5 sec-
onds.
6. If 1st trip DTC is detected, go to EC-649, "
Diagnostic Procedure"
.
PBIB0562E
DTC No. Trouble diagnosis name DTC detecting condition Possible cause
P0340
0340Camshaft position sensor
(PHASE) circuit

The cylinder No. signal is not sent to ECM
for the first few seconds during engine
cranking.

The cylinder No. signal is not set to ECM
during engine running.

The cylinder No. signal is not in the normal
pattern during engine running.

Harness or connectors
(The sensor circuit is open or shorted.)

Camshaft position sensor (PHASE)

Camshaft (Intake)

Starter motor (Refer to SC-21 .)

Starting system circuit (Refer to SC-21 .)

Dead (Weak) battery
SEF058Y

DTC P0340 CMP SENSOR (PHASE)
EC-649
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Specification data are reference values and are measured between each terminal and ground.
Pulse signal is measured by CONSULT-II.
CAUTION:
Do not use ECM ground terminals when measuring input/output voltage. Doing so may result in dam-
age to the ECM's transistor. Use a ground other than ECM terminals, such as the ground.
: Average voltage for pulse signal (Actual pulse signal can be confirmed by oscilloscope.)
Diagnostic ProcedureEBS010ZT
1. CHECK STARTING SYSTEM
Turn ignition switch to START position.
Ye s o r N o
Ye s > > G O T O 2 .
No >> Check starting system. (Refer to SC-21, "
STARTING SYSTEM" .)
TERMI-
NAL
NO.WIRE
COLORITEM CONDITION DATA (DC Voltage)
13 L/WCamshaft position
sensor (PHASE)[Engine is running]

Warm-up condition

Idle speed
NOTE:
The pulse cycle changes depending on rpm at idle1.0 - 4.0V
[Engine is running]

Engine speed is 2,000 rpm1.0 - 4.0V
29 BSensor ground
(Camshaft position
sensor)[Engine is running]

Warm-up condition

Idle speedApproximately 0V
PBIB0525E
PBIB0526E
Does the engine turn over?
Does the starter motor operate?

ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
EC-885
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System ChartEBS0116V
*1: The input signal is sent to the ECM through CAN communication line.
*2: The output signal is sent from the ECM through CAN communication line.
Fuel Injection Control SystemEBS0116W
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Three types of fuel injection control are provided to accommodate engine operating conditions; normal control,
idle control and start control. The ECM determines the appropriate fuel injection control. Under each control,
the amount of fuel injected is adjusted to improve engine performance.
Pulse signals are sent to fuel injectors according to the input signals to adjust the amount of fuel injected to
preset value.
START CONTROL
Input/Output Signal Chart
When the ECM receives a start signal from the ignition switch, the
ECM adapts the fuel injection system for the start control. The
amount of fuel injected at engine starting is a preset program value
in the ECM. The program is determined by the engine speed, engine
coolant temperature and fuel rail pressure.
For better startability under cool engine conditions, the lower the
coolant temperature becomes, the greater the amount of fuel
injected. The ECM ends the start control when the engine speed
reaches the specific value, and shifts the control to the normal or idle
control.
Input (Sensor) ECM Function Output (Actuator)

Accelerator pedal position sensor

Fuel rail pressure sensor

Fuel pump temperature sensor

Engine coolant temperature sensor

Mass air flow sensor

Intake air temperature sensor

Crankshaft position sensor

Camshaft position sensor

Turbocharger boost sensor

Vehicle speed sensor*1

ESP/TCS/ABS control unit*1

Ignition switch

Stop lamp switch

Air conditioner switch*1

Park/neutral position switch

Battery voltage

Fuel level switch

Power steering pressure switch Fuel injection control Fuel injector and Fuel pump
Fuel injection timing control Fuel injector and Fuel pump
Fuel cut control Fuel injector and Fuel pump
Glow control system
Glow relay and glow indicator lamp*
2
On board diagnostic system
Malfunction indicator (MI)*2
EGR volume control EGR volume control valve
Cooling fan control Cooling fan relay
Turbocharger boost controlTurbocharger boost control solenoid
valve
Fuel transport pump control Fuel transport pump relay
Air conditioning cut control Air conditioner relay
Sensor Input Signal to ECM ECM Function Actuator
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Fuel injection
control (start
control)Fuel injector
Fuel pump Crankshaft position sensor Engine speed
Camshaft position sensor Piston position
Ignition switch Start signal
Fuel rail pressure sensor Fuel rail pressure
SEF648S

DTC P0340 CMP SENSOR
EC-1059
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Diagnostic ProcedureEBS011BH
1. CHECK STARTING SYSTEM
Turn ignition switch to START position.
Ye s o r N o
Ye s > > G O T O 2 .
No >> Check starting system. (Refer to SC-21, "
STARTING SYSTEM" .)
2. CHECK GROUND CONNECTIONS
1. Turn ignition switch OFF.
2. Loosen and retighten engine ground screws. Refer to EC-943, "
Ground Inspection" .
OK or NG
OK >> GO TO 3.
NG >> Repair or replace ground connections.Does the engine turn over?
Does the starter motor operate?
PBIB2020E

DTC P0341 CMP SENSOR
EC-1065
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Diagnostic ProcedureEBS011BP
1. CHECK STARTING SYSTEM
Turn ignition switch to START position.
Ye s o r N o
Ye s > > G O T O 2 .
No >> Check starting system. (Refer to SC-21, "
STARTING SYSTEM" .)
2. CHECK GROUND CONNECTIONS
1. Turn ignition switch OFF.
2. Loosen and retighten engine ground screws. Refer to EC-943, "
Ground Inspection" .
OK or NG
OK >> GO TO 3.
NG >> Repair or replace ground connections.Does the engine turn over?
Does the starter motor operate?
PBIB2020E