2002 ISUZU AXIOM change wheel

SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTS
GENERAL INFORMATION
0AGeneral Information
0BMaintenance and Lubrication
WORKSHOP MANUAL
HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR
CONDITIONING
1AHVAC System
STEERING
2APower-Assisted System
AXIOM
(UPR/S)SUSPENSION
3CFront Suspension
3DRear Suspension
3EWheel and Tire System
3FIntelligent Suspension System
DRIVELINE/AXLE
4A1Differential (Front)
4A2Differential (Rear)
4B1Driveline Control System
4B2Driveline Control System (TOD)
4CDrive Shaft System
4D2Transfer Case (TOD)
FOREWORD
This manual includes special notes, impor tant points, service data,
precautions, etc. That are needed for the maintenance, adjustments,
service, removal and installation of vehicle components.
All information, illustrations and specifications contained in this manual
are based on the latest product information available at the time of
publication.
All rights are reserved to make changes at any time without notice.
Arrangement of the material is shown in the table of contents on the
right-hand side of this page. A black spot on the first page of each
section can be seen on the edge of the book below each section title.
These point to a more detailed table of contents preceding each
section.BRAKE
5ABrake Control System
5BAnti-Lock Brake System
5CPower-Assisted Brake System
5D1Parking Brake System (4´4 model)
5D2Parking Brake System (4´2 model)
ENGINE
6AEngine Mechanical
6BEngine Cooling
6CEngine Fuel
6D1Engine Electrical
6D2Ignition System
6D3Starting and Charging System
6EDriveability and Emissions
6FEngine Exhaust
6GEngine Lubrication
6HEngine Speed Control System
6JInduction
TRANSMISSION
7AAutomatic Transmission
7A1Transmission Control System
BODY AND ACCESSORIES
8ALighting System
8BWiper/Washer System
This manual applies to 2002 models.8CEnter tainment
8DWiring System
8EMeter and Gauge
8FBody Structure
8GSeats
8HSecurity and Locks
8ISun Roof/Convertible Top
8JExterior/Interior Trim
RESTRAINTS
9ASeat Belt System
9JSupplemental Restraint System (Air Bag System)
9J1Restraint Control System
CONTROL SYSTEM
10ACruise Control System

0B±5 MAINTENANCE AND LUBRICATION
Explanation of Complete Vehicle
Maintenance Schedule
Brief explanations of the services listed in the preceding
Maintenance Schedule are presented below.
Replace all questionable parts and note any necessary
repairs as you perform these maintenance procedures.
Front and Rear Axle Lubricant
Replacement
Check the lubricant level after every 7,500 miles (12,000
km) of operation and add lubricant to level of filler hole if
necessary.
Replace the front and rear axle lubricant at 15,000 miles
(24,000 km) and 30,000 miles (48,000 km) and after
every 30,000 miles (48,000 km) of operation thereafter.
Air Cleaner Element Replacement
Replace the air cleaner under normal operating
conditions every 30,000 miles (48,000 km).
Operation of the vehicle in dusty areas will necessitate
more frequent replacement.
Spark Plug Replacement
Replace the plugs at 100,000 miles (160,000 km)
intervals with the type specified at the end of this section.
Cooling System Service
Drain, flush and refill system with new engine coolant.
Refer to
ªRecommended Fluids and Lubricantsº in this
section, or ENGINE COOLING (SEC.6B).
Timing Belt Replacement
Replacement of the timing belt is recommended at every
100,000 miles (160,000 km).
Failure to replace the timing belt may result in serious
damage to the engine.
Valve Clearance Adjustment
Incorrect valve clearance will result in increased engine
noise and reduced engine output.
Retorque the camshaft bracket bolts before checking and
adjusting the valve clearance.
Check and adjust the valve clearance whenever
increased engine noise is heard.
Tire Rotation
Rotate tires every 7,500 miles (12,000 km).
Front Wheel Bearings Lubricant
Replacement (Vehicles Produced Before
July/31/2001)
Clean and repack the front wheel bearings at 30,000
miles (48,000 km) intervals.
Refer to DRIVE SHAFT SYSTEM (SEC. 4C).
Front Wheel Bearings Check (Vehicles
Produced After Aug./1/2001)
Inspect hub unit bearing at every 60,000 miles (96,000
km).
If there is abnormal condition, replace hub unit bearing.
Radiator Core and Air Conditioning
Condenser Cleaning
Clean the front of the radiator core and air conditioning
condenser, at 60,000 miles (96,000 km) intervals.
Fluid Level Check
A fluid loss in any system (except windshield
washer) may indicate a problem. Repair the system
at once.
Engine oil level
Check level and add if necessary. The best time to check
the engine oil level is when the oil is warm. After stopping
the engine with the vehicle on a level surface, wait a few
minutes for the oil to drain back to the oil pan. Pull out the
oil level indicator (dipstick). Wipe it clean and push the oil
level indicator back down all the way. Pull out the oil level
indicator, keeping the tip down, and look at the oil level on
it.
Add oil, if needed, to keep the oil level above the ªADDº
mark and between the ªADDº and ªFULLº marks in the
operating range area. Avoid overfilling the engine since
this may cause engine damage. Push the oil level
indicator back down all the way after taking the reading.
If you check the oil level when the oil is cold, do not run the
engine first. The cold oil will not drain back to the pan fast
enough to give a true oil level.
Engine coolant level and condition
Check engine coolant level in the coolant reservoir and
add engine coolant if necessary. Inspect the engine
coolant and replace it if dirty or rusty.
Windshield washer fluid level
Check washer fluid level in the reservoir and add if
necessary.
Power steering system reservoir level
Check and keep at the proper level.
Brake master cylinder reservoir level
Check fluid. Keep fluid at proper level. A low fluid level can
indicate worn disc brake pads which may need to be
serviced.
Hydraulic clutch system
Check fluid level in the reservoir. Add fluid as required.
Battery fluid level
Check fluid level in the battery.
Fluid Leak Check
Check for fuel, water, oil or other fluid leaks by looking at
the surface beneath the vehicle after it has been parked
for a while. Water dripping from the air conditioning
system after use is normal. If you notice gasoline fumes or
fluid at any time, locate the source and correct it at once.
Engine Oil and Oil Filter Replacement
Always use API SE, SF, SG, SH or ILSAC GF±1 quality
oils of the proper viscosity.
When choosing an oil, consider the range of
temperatures the car will be operated in before the next oil
change. Then, select the recommended oil viscosity from
the chart.

0B±6MAINTENANCE AND LUBRICATION
Always change the oil and the oil filter as soon as possible
after driving in a dust storm.
Engine Cooling System Inspection
Inspect the coolant/anti±freeze. If the coolant is dirty or
rusty, drain, flush and refill with new coolant. Keep coolant
at the proper mixture for proper freeze protection,
corrosion inhibitor level and best engine operating
temperature. Inspect hoses and replace if cracked,
swollen or deteriorated. Tighten the hose clamps if
equipped with screw±type clamps. Clean outside of
radiator and air conditioning condenser. Wash filler cap
and neck. To help ensure proper operation, a pressure
test of both the cooling system and the cap is also
recommended.
Exhaust System Inspection
Visually inspect the exhaust pipes, muffler, heat shields
and hangers for cracks, deterioration, or damage.
Be alert to any changes in the sound of the exhaust
system or any smell of fumes. These are signs the system
may be leaking or overheating. Repair the system at
once, if these conditions exist. (See also ªEngine Exhaust
Gas Safetyº and ªThree Way Catalytic Converterº in the
Owner's manual.)
Fuel Cap, Fuel Lines, and Fuel Tank
Inspection
Inspect the fuel tank, the fuel cap and the fuel lines every
60,000 miles (96,000 km) for damage which could cause
leakage.
Inspect the fuel cap and the gasket for correct sealing and
physical damage. Replace any damaged parts.
Drive Belt Inspection
Check the serpentine belt driving for cracks, fraying,
wear, and correct tension every 30,000 miles (48,000
km). Replace as necessary.
Wheel Alignment, Balance and Tires
Operation
Uneven or abnormal tire wear, or a pull right or left on a
straight and level road may show the need for a wheel
alignment. A vibration of the steering wheel or seat at
normal highway speeds means a wheel balancing is
needed. Check tire pressure when the tires are ªcoldº
(include the spare).
Maintain pressure as shown in the tire placard, which is
located on the driver's door lock pillar.
Steering System Operation
Be alert for any changes in steering operation. An
inspection or service is needed when the steering wheel
is harder to turn or has too much free play, or if there are
unusual sounds when turning or parking.
Brake Systems Operation
Watch for the ªBRAKEº light coming on. Other signs of
possible brake trouble are such things as repeated pulling
to one side when braking, unusual sounds when braking
or between brake applications, or increased brake pedaltravel. If you note one of these conditions, repair the
system at once.
For convenience, the following should be done when
wheels are removed for rotation: Inspect lines and hoses
for proper hookup, bindings, leaks, crack, chafing etc.
Inspect disc brake pads for wear and rotors for surface
condition.
Inspect other brake parts, including parking brake drums,
linings etc., at the same time. Check parking brake
adjustment.
Inspect the brakes more often if habit or conditions
result in frequent braking.
Parking Brake and Transmission Park
Mechanism Operation
Park on a fairly steep hill and hold the vehicle with the
parking brake only. This checks holding ability. On
automatic transmission vehicles, shifting from ªPº
position to the other positions cannot be made unless the
brake pedal is depressed when the key switch is in the
ªONº position or the engine is running.
WARNING: B E F O R E C H E C K I N G T H E S TA R T E R
SAFETY SWITCH OPERATION BELOW, BE SURE TO
HAVE ENOUGH ROOM AROUND THE VEHICLE.
THEN FIRMLY APPLY BOTH THE PARKING BRAKE
AND THE REGULAR BRAKE. DO NOT USE THE
ACCELERATOR PEDAL. IF THE ENGINE STARTS,
BE READY TO TURN OFF THE KEY PROMPTLY.
TAKE THESE PRECAUTIONS BECAUSE THE
VEHICLE COULD MOVE WITHOUT WARNING AND
POSSIBLY CAUSE PERSONAL INJURY OR
PROPERTY DAMAGE.
Starter Safety Switch Operation
Check by trying to start the engine in each gear while
setting the parking brake and the foot brake. The starter
should crank only in ªPº (Park) or ªNº (Neutral).
Accelerator Linkage Lubrication
Lubricate the accelerator pedal fulcrum pin with chassis
grease.
Steering and Suspension Inspection
Inspect the front and rear suspension and steering
system for damaged, loose or missing parts or signs of
wear. Inspect power steering lines and hoses for proper
hookup, binding, leaks, cracks, chafing, etc.
Body and Chassis Lubrication
Lubricate the key lock cylinders, the hood latch, the hood
and door hinges, the door check link, the parking cable
guides, the underbody contact points, and the linkage.
Propeller Shaft Inspection and Lubrication
Check the propeller shaft flange±to±pinion bolts for
proper torque to 63 Nwm (46 lb ft) for front and rear
propeller shaft.

0B±12MAINTENANCE AND LUBRICATION
Maintenance Service Data
Service Data and Specifications
ENGINEValve clearance (cold)Intake 0.28+0.05 mm (0.011+0.002 in)
Exhaust 0.3+0.05 mm (0.012+0.002 in)
Spark plug typeK16PR-P11/PK16PR11/RC10PYP4
Spark plug gap1.05 mm (0.04 in)
BRAKEBrake pedal free play6±10 mm (0.24±0.39 in)
Parking brake travel6±7 notches
WHEEL ALIGNMENTToe-in (Front)0 to +2 mm (0 to +0.08 in)
Toe-in (Rear)0+5 mm (0+0.2 in)
Camber (Front)0
+30'
Camber (Rear)0
+1

Caster (Front)2
30'+45'
Toe±Axis (Rear)+1

PROPELLER SHAFTFlange torque63 N´m (46 lb ft)
WHEEL AND TIRESSizeP235/65R17
Wheel nut torque118 N´m (87 lb ft)
Tire inflation pressure (Front)180 kPa (26 psi)
* Tire inflation pressure (Rear)180 kPa (26 psi)
* Unless otherwise specified on tire information label on the vehicle.
Approximate Capacities
ItemsMetric MeasureU.S. Measure
Fuel tank74 L19.5 Gal.
* CrankcaseOil Change with Filter4.7 L5.0 Qt
Oil Change without Filter4.0 L4.2 Qt
CoolantA/T11.1 L11.7 Qt
TransmissionAutomatic8.6 L9.1 Qt
Transfer1.35 L1.4 Qt
AxleRear1.77 L1.87 Qt
Front1.25 L1.33 Qt
Shift on the fly system0.12 L0.13 Qt
Power steering1.0 L1.1 Qt
Air conditioning (R-134a)0.6 L1.32 Qt
*Crankcase capacities shown are approximate refill capacities. After refill, recheck oil level.

POWER±ASSISTED STEERING SYSTEM2A±13
Caster (1) is the vertical tilting of the wheel axis either
forward or backward (when viewed from the side of the
vehicle). A backward tilt is positive (+) and a forward tilt is
negative (-). On the short and long arm type suspension
you cannot see a caster angle without a special
instrument, but if you look straight down from the top of
the upper control arm to the ground, the ball joints do not
line up (fore and aft) when a caster angle other than 0
degree is present. With a positive angle, the lower ball
joint would be slightly ahead (toward the front of the
vehicle) of the upper ball joint center line.
Toe-in:
This illustration shows view from the top of the vehicle.
480RS003Toe-in is the measured amount the front wheels are
turned in. The actual amount of toe-in is normally a
fraction of a degree. Toe-in is measured from the center
of the tire treads or from the inside of the tires. The
purpose of toe-in is to insure parallel rolling of the front
wheels and to offset any small deflections of the wheel
support system which occurs when the vehicle is rolling
forward. Incorrect toe-in results in excessive toe-in and
unstable steering. Toe-in is the last alignment to be set in
the front end alignment procedure.
Inspection
Before making any adjustments affecting caster, camber
or toe-in, the following front end inspection should be
made.
1. Inspect the tires for proper inflation pressure. Refer to
Main Data and Specifications in Wheel and Tire
System
section.
2. Make sure that the vehicle is unladen condition (With
no passenger or loading).
3. Make sure that the spare tire is installed at the normal
position.
4. Inspect the front wheel bearings for proper
adjustment. Refer to
Front Hub and Disc Overhaul in
Suspension
section.
5. Inspect the ball joints and tie rod ends. If excessive
looseness is noted, correct before adjusting. Refer to
Steering Linkage in this section.6. Inspect the wheel and tires for run-out. Refer to
Wheel Replacement in Wheel and Tire System
section.
7. Inspect the trim height. If not within specifications, the
correction must be made before adjusting caster.
8. Inspect the steering unit for looseness at the frame.
9. Inspect shock absorbers for leaks or any noticeable
noise. Refer to
Shock Absorber in Suspension
section.
10. Inspect the control arms or stabilizer bar attachment
for looseness. Refer to
Suspension section.
11. Inspect the front end alignment using alignment
equipment. Follow the manufacturer's instructions.
12. Park the vehicle on a level surface.
Trim Height Adjustment
Adjust the trim height (1) by means of the adjusting bolt on
the height control arms.
CAUTION: When adjusting front end alignment, be
sure to begin with trim height first, as it may change
other adjusted alignments.
450RS003
410RS001

POWER±ASSISTED STEERING SYSTEM2A±15
NOTE: Overall thickness of caster shim and camber
shim should be 10.8 mm (0.425 in) or less.
Tighten the fulcrum pin bolt to the specified torque.
Torque: 152 N´m (112 lb ft)
Position of shimsCamber angleCaster angleFront sideRear sideCamber angleCaster angle
When addedWhen removedDecreasesDecreases
Caster shimWhen removedWhen addedIncreasesIncreasesCaster shimÐWhen removedUnchangedDecreases
ÐWhen addedUnchangedIncreases
Camber shimWhen addedDecreasesUnchangedCamber shimWhen removedIncreasesUnchanged
Toe-in Adjustment
1. To adjust the toe-in angle, loosen the lock nuts (2) on
the tie rod (1) and turn the tie rod. Turn both rods the
same amount, to keep the steering wheel centered .
Toe-in: 0 to +2 mm (0 to +0.08 in)
433RW003
2. Tighten the lock nut to the specified torque.
Torque: 98 N´m (72 lb ft)

3C±2FRONT SUSPENSION
General Description
The front suspension is designed to allow each wheel to
compensate for changes in the road surface level without
greatly affecting the opposite wheel. Each wheel is
independently connected to the frame by a steering
knuckle, ball joint assemblies, and upper and lower
control arms. The front wheels are held in proper
relationship to each other by two tie-rods which are
connected to steering arms on the knuckles, and to a
steering unit.
All models have a front suspension system consisting of
control arms, stabilizer bar, shock absorber and a torsion
bar. The front end of the torsion bar is attached to the
lower control arm. The rear of the torsion bar is mounted
into a height control arm at the crossmember. Vehicle trim
height is controlled by adjusting this arm.
Shock absorbers are mounted between the brackets on
the frame and the lower control arms. The lower portion ofeach shock absorber is attached to the lower control arm.
The upper portion of each shock absorber extends
through a frame bracket and is secured with two rubber
bushings, two retainers and a nut.
Ball joint assemblies are bolted to the outer end of the
upper and lower control arm and are attached to the
steering knuckle.
The inner ends of the upper control arm have pressed in
bushings. Bolts, passing through the bushing, attach the
control arm to the frame. The inner ends of the lower
control arm are attached to the frame by bolts passing
through the bushings.
Side roll of the front suspension is controlled by a spring
steel stabilizer bar. It is mounted in rubber bushings,
which are held to the frame by brackets. The ends of the
stabilizer bar are connected to the lower control arms by
links.
Diagnosis
ConditionPossible causeCorrection
Vehicle PullsMismatched or uneven tires.Replace tire.
Tires not adequately inflated.Adjust tire pressure.
Broken or sagging springs.Replace spring.
Radial tire lateral force.Replace tire.
Improper wheel alignment.Adjust wheel alignment.
Brake dragging in one wheel.Repair brake.
Loose, bent or broken front or rear
suspension parts.Tighten or replace the appropriate
suspension part(s).
Faulty shock absorbers.Replace shock absorber.
Parts in power steering valve
defective.Replace power steering unit.
Abnormal or Excessive Tire WearSagging or broken spring.Replace spring.
Tire out of balance.Balance or replace tire.
Improper wheel alignment.Check front end alignment.
Faulty shock absorber.Replace shock absorber.
Hard driving.Replace tire.
Overloaded vehicle.Replace tire and reduce load.
Tires not rotated periodically.Replace or rotate tire.
Worn or loose road wheel bearings.Replace wheel bearing.
Wobbly wheel or tires.Replace wheel or tire.
Tires not adequately inflated.Adjust the pressure.
Wheel HopBlister or bump on tire.Replace tire.
Improper shock absorber operation.Replace shock absorber.

3E±12WHEEL AND TIRE SYSTEM
Tire
Tire Replacement
When replacement is necessary, the original metric tire
size should be used. Most metric tire sizes do not have
exact corresponding alphanumeric tire sizes. It is
recommended that new tires be installed in pairs on the
same axle. If necessary to replace only one tire, it should
be paired with tire having the most tread, to equalize
braking traction.
CAUTION: Do not mix different types of tires such
as radial, bias and bias-belted tires except in
emergencies, because vehicle handling may be
seriously affected and may result in loss of control.
Tire Dismounting
Remove valve cap on valve step and deflate the tire. Then
use a tire changing machine to mount or dismount tires.
Follow the equipment manufacturer's instruction. Do not
use hand tools or tire lever alone to change tires as they
may damage the tire beads or wheel rim.
Tire Mounting
Rim bead seats should be cleaned with a wire brush or
coarse steel wool to remove lubricants, and light rust.
Before mounting a tire, the bead area should be well
lubricated with an approved tire lubricant.
After mounting, inflate the tire to 196kPa (28 psi) so that
beads are completely seated. Inflate the air to specified
pressure and install valve cap to the stem.
WARNING: NEVER STAND OVER TIRE WHEN
INFLATING. BEAD MAY BREAK WHEN BEAD SNAPS
OVER RIM'S SAFETY HUMP AND CAUSE SERIOUS
PERSONAL INJURY.
NEVER EXCEED 240 KPA (35 PSI) PRESSURE WHEN
INFLATING. IF 240 KPA (35 PSI) PRESSURE WILL
NOT SEAT BEADS, DEFLATE, RE-LUBRICATE AND
RE-INFLATE. OVER INFLATION MAY CAUSE THE
BEAD TO BREAK AND CAUSE SERIOUS PERSONAL
INJURY.
Tire Repair
There are many different materials on the market used to
repair tires.
Manufacturers have published detailed instructions on
how and when to repair tires. These instructions can be
obtained from the tire manufacturer if they are not
included with the repair kit.
Wheel Inspection
Damaged wheels and wheels with excessive run-out
must be replaced.
Wheel run out at rim (Base on hub Bore):
Aluminum
1± Vertical play: Less than 0.55 mm (0.022 in)
2± Horizontal play: Less than 0.55 mm (0.022 in)
480RS012
General Balance Procedure
Deposits of mud, etc. must be cleaned from the inside of
the rim.
The tire should be inspected for the following: match
mount paint marks, bent rims, bulges, irregular tire wear,
proper wheel size and inflation pressure. Then balance
according to the equipment manufacturer's
recommendations.
There are two types of wheel and tire balance.
Static balance is the equal distribution of weight around
the wheel.
Assemblies that are statically unbalanced cause a
bouncing action called tramp. This condition will
eventually cause uneven tire wear.