2002 ISUZU AXIOM suspension

DIFFERENTIAL (REAR)4A2±5
Axle Housing
Axle Housing and Associated Parts
420RW030
Legend
(1) Lower Link
(2) Stabilizer
(3) Upper Link
(4) Rear Propeller shaft
(5) Shock Absorber(6) Lateral Rod
(7) Brake Hose
(8) Coil Spring
(9) Parking Cable
(10) Axle Assembly
Removal
1. Raise the vehicle and support it with suitable safety
stands.
The hoist must remain under the rear axle housing.
2. Take out brake fluid. Refer to
Hydraulic Brakes in
Brake
section.
3. Remove rear wheels and tires. Refer to
Wheel
Replacement in Suspension
section.
4. Remove propeller shaft. Refer to
Rear Propeller
Shaft
in this section.
5. Drain the rear axle oil into a proper container.
6. Remove parking brake cable, release the connection
between the cable fixing clip equalizer. Refer to
Parking Brakes in Brake section.
7. Move the clip aside and pull out the breather hose.
8. Disconnect the ABS connectors (1) and remove the
brackets attached to the frame and center link.
350RW023

DIFFERENTIAL (REAR)4A2±7
Installation
1. Install brake pipe.
2. Connect Antilock brake system (ABS) speed sensor
and harness, refer to
4±Wheel Anti±Lock Brake
System (ABS) in Brake
section.
3. Install brake disc.
4. Install brake caliper. Refer to
Disk Brakes in Brake
section.
5. Install axle housing assembly.
6. Install coil spring and insulator.
7. Install the lower link fixing bolt and nut to the axle
housing. For the procedures in items 7±11, refer to
Suspension section.
8. Install the upper link bolt and nut to the axle housing.9. Install the lateral rod fixing nut and bolt to the frame
side.
10. Install the stabilizer linkage mounting nut and bolt to
the frame side.
11. Install the shock absorber.
12. Install brake tube flare nut, Refer to
Disk Brakes in
Brake
section.
13. Install ABS connector and bracket.
14. Connect breather hose.
15. Install parking brake cable, Refer to
Parking Brakes in
Brake
section.
16. Bleed brakes. Refer to
Hydraulic Brakes in Brake
section.
Axle Shaft, Oil Seal and Bearing
Axle Shaft and Associated Parts
Disc Brake Model
420RW008
Legend
(1) Axle Shaft
(2) Backing Plate
(3) Oil Seal
(4) Bearing
(5) Axle Housing
(6) Lock Washer
(7) Nut
Drum Brake Model
420RX001
Legend
(1) Axle Shaft
(2) Backing Plate
(3) Oil Seal
(4) Bearing
(5) Axle Housing
(6) Lock Washer
(7) Nut

4C±2
DRIVE SHAFT SYSTEM
General Description
This publication contains essential removal, installation,
adjustment and maintenance procedures.
The front axle utilizes a central disconnect type front
axle/transfer case system.The drive axles are completely flexible assemblies,
consisting of inner and outer constant velocity (CV) drive
shaft joints connected by an axle shaft.
For description of front propeller shaft and universal joint,
refer to
Front Propeller Shaft in this section.
Diagnosis
ConditionPossible causeCorrection
Oil Leak At Front AxleWorn or defective oil seal.Replace the oil seal.
Front axle housing cracked.Repair or replace.
Oil Leak At Pinion ShaftToo much gear oil.Correct the oil level.
Oil seal worn or defective.Replace the oil seal.
Pinion flange loose or damaged.Tighten or replace.
Noises In Front Axle Drive Shaft
JointBroken or worn drive shaft joints and
bellows (BJ and DOJ).Replace the drive shaft joints and
bellows.
ªClankº When Accelerating From
ªCoastºLoose drive shaft joint to output shaft
bolts.Tighten.
Damaged inner drive shaft joint.Replace.
Shudder or Vibration During
Acceleration
Excessive drive shaft joint angle.Repair.
AccelerationWorn or damaged drive shaft joints.Replace.
Sticking spider assembly (inner drive
shaft joint).Lubricate or replace.
Sticking joint assembly (outer drive
shaft joint).Lubricate or replace.
Vibration At Highway SpeedsOut of balance or out of round tires.Balance or replace.
Front end out of alignment.Align.
Noises in Front AxleInsufficient gear oil.Replenish the gear oil.
Wrong or poor grade gear oil.Replace the gear oil.
Drive pinion to ring gear backlash
incorrect.Adjust the backlash.
Worn or chipped ring gear, pinion
gear or side gear.Replace the ring gear, pinion gear or
side gear.
Pinion shaft bearing worn.Replace the pinion shaft bearing.
Wheel bearing worn.Replace the wheel bearing.
Differential bearing loose or worn.Tighten or replace.
Wanders and PullsWheel bearing preload too tight.Adjust the wheel bearing preload.
Incorrect front alignment.Adjust the front alignment.
Steering unit loose or worn.Tighten or replace.
Tire worn or improperly inflated.Adjust the inflation or replace.
Front or rear suspension parts loose
or broken.Tighten or replace.
Front Wheel ShimmyWheel bearing worn or improperly
adjusted.Adjust or replace.
Incorrect front alignment.Adjust the front alignment.
Worn ball joint or bush.Replace the ball joint or bush.
Steering unit loose or worn.Tighten or replace.
Tire worn or improperly inflated.Replace or adjust the inflation.
Shock absorber worn.Replace the shock absorber.

4C±13 DRIVE SHAFT SYSTEM
Front Drive Shaft Joint
Front Drive Shaft Joints
Replacement

Refer to Front Drive Axle Assembly Replacement in
this section, and refer to
Front Hub and Disc Overhaul
in Suspension
section.
Front Hub Bearing Preload Check
Check the hub bearing preload at the wheel pin.
New bearing and New oil seal:
19.6 ± 24.5 N (4.4 ± 5.5 lb)
Used bearing and New oil seal:
11.8 ± 17.7 N(2.6 ± 4.0 lb)
411RS011
Inspection Of Shift On The Fly System
Gear Oil
412RY00008
1. Open filler plug and make sure that the oil up to the
plug port.
If the oil is short, replenish with gear oil GL±5 grade.
2. Tighten the filler plug to specified torque.
Torque: 78 N´m (58 lb in)

4C±45 DRIVE SHAFT SYSTEM
General Description
This publication contains essential removal, installation,
adjustment and maintenance procedures.
The front axle utilizes a central disconnect type front
axle/transfer case system.The drive axles are completely flexible assemblies,
consisting of inner and outer constant velocity (CV) drive
shaft joints connected by an axle shaft.
For description of front propeller shaft and universal joint,
refer to
Front Propeller Shaft in this section.
Diagnosis
ConditionPossible causeCorrection
Oil Leak At Front AxleWorn or defective oil seal.Replace the oil seal.
Front axle housing cracked.Repair or replace.
Oil Leak At Pinion ShaftToo much gear oil.Correct the oil level.
Oil seal worn or defective.Replace the oil seal.
Pinion flange loose or damaged.Tighten or replace.
Noises In Front Axle Drive Shaft
JointBroken or worn drive shaft joints and
bellows (BJ and DOJ).Replace the drive shaft joints and
bellows.
ªClankº When Accelerating From
ªCoastºLoose drive shaft joint to output shaft
bolts.Tighten.
Damaged inner drive shaft joint.Replace.
Shudder or Vibration During
Acceleration
Excessive drive shaft joint angle.Repair.
AccelerationWorn or damaged drive shaft joints.Replace.
Sticking spider assembly (inner drive
shaft joint).Lubricate or replace.
Sticking joint assembly (outer drive
shaft joint).Lubricate or replace.
Vibration At Highway SpeedsOut of balance or out of round tires.Balance or replace.
Front end out of alignment.Align.
Noises in Front AxleInsufficient gear oil.Replenish the gear oil.
Wrong or poor grade gear oil.Replace the gear oil.
Drive pinion to ring gear backlash
incorrect.Adjust the backlash.
Worn or chipped ring gear, pinion
gear or side gear.Replace the ring gear, pinion gear or
side gear.
Pinion shaft bearing worn.Replace the pinion shaft bearing.
Hub unit bearing worn.Replace the hub unit bearing.
Differential bearing loose or worn.Tighten or replace.
Wanders and PullsIncorrect front alignment.Adjust the front alignment.
Steering unit loose or worn.Tighten or replace.
Tire worn or improperly inflated.Adjust the inflation or replace.
Front or rear suspension parts loose
or broken.Tighten or replace.
Front Wheel ShimmyHub unit bearing worn.Replace.
Incorrect front alignment.Adjust the front alignment.
Worn ball joint or bush.Replace the ball joint or bush.
Steering unit loose or worn.Tighten or replace.
Tire worn or improperly inflated.Replace or adjust the inflation.
Shock absorber worn.Replace the shock absorber.

4C±52
DRIVE SHAFT SYSTEM
Front Drive Shaft Joint
Front Drive Shaft Joints
Replacement

Refer to Front Drive Axle Assembly Replacement in
this section, and refer to
Front Hub and Disc Overhaul
in Suspension section.
Front Hub Bearing Preload Check
Check the hub bearing preload at the wheel pin.
New bearing and New oil seal:
24.5 N (4.4 ± 5.5 lb)
Used bearing and New oil seal:
11.8± 17.7 N(2.6 ± 4.0 lb)
Inspection Of Shift On The Fly System
Gear Oil
412RY00008
1. Open filler plug and make sure that the oil is up to the
plug port.
If the oil is short, replenish with gear oil GL±5 grade.
2. Tighten the filler plug to the specified torque.
Torque: 78 N´m (58 lb in)

5C±7 POWER±ASSISTED BRAKE SYSTEM
General Diagnosis
ConditionPossible causeCorrection
Brake PullTire inflation pressure is unequal.Adjust
Front wheel alignment is incorrect.Adjust
Unmatched tires on same axle.Tires with approx. the same amount
of tread should be used on the same
axle.
Restricted brake pipes or hoses.Check for soft hoses and damaged
lines. Replace with new hoses and
new doubleªwalled steel brake
piping.
Water or oil on the brake pads.Clean or replace.
Brake pads hardened.Replace
Brake pads worn excessively.Replace
Brake rotor worn or scored.Grind or replace.
Disc brake caliper malfunctioning.Clean or replace.
Front hub bearing preload incorrect.Adjust or replace.
Loose suspension parts.Check all suspension mountings.
Loose calipers.Check and tighten the bolts to
specifications.
Brake Roughness or Chatter
(Pulsates)Excessive lateral runout.Check per instructions. If not within
specifications, replace or machine
the rotor.
Parallelism not within specifications.Check per instructions. If not within
specifications, replace or machine
the rotor.
Wheel bearings not adjusted.Adjust wheel bearings to correct
specifications
Pad reversed (steel against iron).Replace the brake pad and machine
rotor to within specifications.
Excessive Pedal EffortMalfunctioning vacuum booster.Check the vacuum booster operation
and repair, if necessary.
Partial system failure.Check the front and rear brake
system for failure and repair. Also,
check the brake warning light. If a
failed system is found, the light
should indicate failure.
Excessively worn pad.Check and replace pads in sets.
Piston in caliper stuck or sluggish.Remove caliper and rebuild.
Fading brakes due to incorrect pad.Remove and replace with original
equipment pad or equivalent.
Vacuum leak to vacuum booster.Check for ruptured or loose hose.
Check the direction of check valve
within vacuum hose.Correct vacuum hose direction.
Grease on the brake pads.Replace or clean.

5C±11 POWER±ASSISTED BRAKE SYSTEM
330RW012
17. Bleed the air from the front wheel brake pipe
connection (2) by repeating steps 7 through 16.
Bleeding the Caliper
18. Bleed the air from each wheel in the order listed
below:

Right rear caliper or wheel cylinder

Left rear caliper or wheel cylinder

Right front caliper

Left front caliper
Conduct air bleeding from the wheels in the above
order. If no brake fluid comes out, it suggests that air
is mixed in the master cylinder. In this case, bleed air
from the master cylinder in accordance with steps 7
through 17, and then bleed air from the caliper or
wheel cylinder.
19. Place the proper size box end wrench over the
bleeder screw.
20. Cover the bleeder screw with a transparent tube, and
submerge the free end of the transparent tube in a
transparent container containing brake fluid.
21. Pump the brake pedal slowly three (3) times
(once/sec), then hold it depressed.
22. Loosen the bleeder screw until fluid flows through the
tube.
23. Retighten the bleeder screw.
24. Release the brake pedal slowly.
25. Repeat steps 21 through 24 until the air is completely
removed.
It may be necessary to repeat the bleeding procedure
10 or more times for front wheels and 15 or more
times for rear wheels.
26. Go to the next wheel in the sequence after each wheel
is bled.
Be sure to monitor reservoir fluid level.
27. Depress the brake pedal to check if you feel
ªsponginessº after the air has been removed from all
wheel cylinders and calipers.
If the pedal feels ªspongyº, the entire bleeding
procedure must be repeated.28. After the bleeding operation is completed on the each
individual wheel, check the level of the brake fluid in
the reservoir and replenish up to the ªMAXº level as
necessary.
29. Attach the reservoir cap.
If the diaphragm inside the cap is deformed, reform
it and install.
30. Stop the engine.
Flushing Brake Hydraulic System
It is recommended that the entire hydraulic system be
thoroughly flushed with clean brake fluid whenever new
parts are installed in the hydraulic system. Approximately
one quart of fluid is required to flush the hydraulic system.
The system must be flushed if there is any doubt as to the
grade of fluid in the system or if fluid has been used which
contains the slightest trace of mineral oil. All rubber parts
that have been subjected to a contaminated fluid must be
replaced.
Brake Pipes and Hoses
The hydraulic brake system components are
interconnected by special steel piping and flexible hoses.
Flexible hoses are used between the frame and the front
calipers, the frame and rear axle case and the rear axle
and the rear calipers.
When the hydraulic pipes have been disconnected for
any reason, the brake system must be bled after
reconnecting the pipe. Refer to
Bleeding the Brake
Hydraulic System
in this section.
Brake Hose Inspection
The brake hose should be inspected at least twice a year.
The brake hose assembly should be checked for road
hazard, cracks and chafing of the outer cover, and for
leaks and blisters. Inspect for proper routing and
mounting of the hose. A brake hose that rubs on
suspension components will wear and eventually fail. A
light and mirror may be needed for an adequate
inspection. If any of the above conditions are observed on
the brake hose, adjust or replace the hose as necessary.
CAUTION: Never allow brake components such as
calipers to hang from the brake hoses, as damage to
the hoses may occur.