2001 TOYOTA HIGHLANDER cooling

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NOTICE
A large amount of unburned gases
flowing into the three- way catalytic
converter may cause it to overheat
and create a fire hazard. To prevent
this and other damage, observe the
following precautions:

Use only unleaded gasoline.

Do not drive with an extremely low
fuel level; running out of fuel could
cause the engine to misfire, creat-
ing an excessive load on the three-
way catalytic converter.

Do not allow the engine to run at
idle speed for more than 20 min-
utes.

Avoid racing the engine.

Do not push- start or pull- start your
vehicle.

Do not turn off the ignition while
the vehicle is moving.

Keep your engine in good running
order. Malfunctions in the engine
electrical system, electronic ignition
system/distributor ignition system
or fuel systems could cause an ex-
tremely high three- way catalytic
converter temperature.

If the engine becomes difficult to
start or stalls frequently, take your
vehicle in for a check- up as soon
as possible. Remember, your Toyota
dealer knows your vehicle and its
three- way catalytic converter sys-
tem best.

To ensure that the three- way cata-
lytic converter and the entire emis-
sion control system operate proper-
ly, your vehicle must receive the
periodic inspections required by the
Toyota Maintenance Schedule. For
scheduled maintenance information,
refer to the Scheduled Maintenance
Guideº or Owner 's Manual Supple-
mentº.
CAUTION

Avoid inhaling the engine exhaust.
It contains carbon monoxide, which
is a colorless and odorless gas. It
can cause unconsciousness or even
death.

Make sure the exhaust system has
no holes or loose connections. The
system should be checked from
time to time. If you hit something,
or notice a change in the sound of
the exhaust, have the system
checked immediately.

Do not run the engine in a garage
or enclosed area except for the
time needed to drive the vehicle in
or out. The exhaust gases cannot
escape, making this a particularly
dangerous situation.

Do not remain for a long time in a
parked vehicle with the engine run-
ning. If it is unavoidable, however,
do so only in an unconfined area
and adjust the heating or cooling
system to force outside air into the
vehicle.
Engine exhaust cautions

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Keep the back door closed while
driving. An open or unsealed back
door may cause exhaust gases to
be drawn into the vehicle.

To allow proper operation of your
vehicle's ventilation system, keep
the inlet grilles in front of the wind-
shield clear of snow, leaves, or oth-
er obstructions.

If you smell exhaust fumes in the
vehicle, drive with the windows
open and the back door closed.
Have the cause immediately located
and corrected.
FUNCTIONS OF ENGINE OIL
Engine oil has the primary functions of
lubricating and cooling the inside of the
engine, and plays a major role in main-
taining the engine in proper working order.
ENGINE OIL CONSUMPTION
It is normal that an engine should con-
sume some engine oil during normal
engine operation. The causes of oil
consumption in a normal engine are as
follows.

Oil is used to lubricate pistons, piston
rings and cylinders. A thin film of oil
is left on the cylinder wall when a pis-
ton moves downwards in the cylinder.
High negative pressure generated when
the vehicle is decelerating sucks some
of this oil into the combustion chamber.
This oil as well as some part of the oil
film left on the cylinder wall is burned
by the high temperature combustion
gases during the combustion process.

Oil is also used to lubricate the stems
of the intake valves. Some of this oil
is sucked into the combustion chamber
together with the intake air and is
burned along with the fuel. High tem-
perature exhaust gases also burn the
oil used to lubricate the exhaust valve
stems.The amount of engine oil consumed de-
pends on the viscosity of the oil, the
quality of the oil and the conditions the
vehicle is driven under.
More oil is consumed by high- speed driv-
ing and frequent acceleration and decel-
eration.
A new engine consumes more oil, since
its pistons, piston rings and cylinder walls
have not become conditioned.
Oil consumption: Max. 1.0 L per 1000
km (1.1 qt./600 miles, 0.9 Imp. qt./600
miles)
When judging the amount of oil con-
sumption, note that the oil may become
diluted and make it difficult to judge
the true level accurately.
As an example, if a vehicle is used for
repeated short trips, and consumes a nor-
mal amount of oil, the dipstick may not
show any drop in the oil level at all, even
after 1000 km (600 miles) or more. This
is because the oil is gradually becoming
diluted with fuel or moisture, making it
appear that the oil level has not changed.
The diluting ingredients evaporate out
when the vehicle is then driven at high
speeds, as on an expressway, making it
appear that oil is excessively consumed
after driving at high speeds.
Facts about engine oil
consumption

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If engine speed does not increase when
the accelerator pedal is depressed, there
may be a problem somewhere in the elec-
tronic throttle control system.
At this time, vibration may occur. Howev-
er, if you depress the accelerator pedal
more firmly and slowly, you can drive your
vehicle at low speeds. Have your vehicle
checked by your Toyota dealer as soon as
possible.
Even if the abnormality of the electronic
throttle control system is corrected during
low speed driving, the system may not be
recovered until the engine is stopped and
the ignition key is turned to ACCº or
LOCKº position.
CAUTION
Be especially careful to prevent erro-
neous pedal operation.
If your engine coolant temperature
gauge indicates overheating, if you ex-
perience a loss of power, or if you hear
a loud knocking or pinging noise, the
engine has probably overheated. You
should follow this procedure...
1. Pull safely off the road, stop the ve-
hicle and turn on your emergency
flashers. Put the transmission in Pº
and apply the parking brake. Turn off
the air conditioning if it is being used.
2. If coolant or steam is boiling out of the
radiator or reservoir, stop the engine.
Wait until the steam subsides before
opening the hood. If there is no coolant
boiling over or steam, leave the engine
running and make sure the electric
cooling fan is operating. If it is not,
turn the ignition off.
CAUTION
To help avoid personal injury, keep
the hood closed until there is no
steam. Escaping steam or coolant is
a sign of very high pressure.
3. Look for obvious coolant leaks from the
radiator, hoses, and under the vehicle.
However, note that water draining from
the air conditioning is normal if it has
been used.
CAUTION
When the engine is running, keep
hands and clothing away from the
moving fan and engine drive belts.
4. If the coolant is leaking, stop the en-
gine immediately. Call a Toyota dealer
for assistance.
5. If there are no obvious leaks, check
the coolant reservoir. If it is dry, add
coolant to the reservoir while the en-
gine is running. Fill it about half full.
For the coolant type, see Coolant type
selectionº on page 383 in Section 7- 2.
CAUTION
Do not attempt to remove the radiator
cap when the engine and radiator are
hot. Serious injury could result from
scalding hot fluid and steam blown
out under pressure.
If you cannot increase engine
speedIf your vehicle overheats

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Recommended oil viscosity:
SAE 5W- 30
Outside temperature
Please contact your Toyota dealer for fur-
ther details.COOLING SYSTEM
Total capacity, L (qt., Imp. qt.):
2AZ- FE engine
With rear heater 7.7 (8.1, 6.8)
8.5 (9.0, 7.5)
*
Without rear heater
6.3 (6.7, 5.5)
7.1 (7.5, 6.2)
*
3MZ- FE engine
With rear heater 10.7 (11.3, 9.4)
11.4 (12.0, 10.0)
*
Without rear heater
9.4 (9.9, 8.3)
10.1 (10.7, 8.9)
*
*
: Vehicles with towing package
Coolant type:
Toyota Super Long Life Coolantº is
used in your Toyota vehicle at factory
fill. In order to avoid technical problems,
only use Toyota Super Long Life
Coolantº or similar high quality ethylene
glycol based non- silicate, non- amine,
non- nitrite, and non- borate coolant with
long- life hybrid organic acid technology.
(Coolant with long- life hybrid organic
acid technology is a combination of low
phosphates and organic acids.)
Do not use plain water alone.Please contact your Toyota dealer for
further details.
BATTERY
Open voltage
* at 20
C (68
F):
12.6Ð12.8V Fully charged
12.2Ð12.4V Half charged
11.8Ð12.0V Discharged
*: Voltage that is checked 20 minutes af-
ter the key is removed with all the lights
turned off
Charging rates:
5 A max.
AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE
Fluid capacity (drain and refill), L (qt.,
Imp. qt.):
Up to 3.5 (3.7, 3.1)
Fluid type:
Toyota Genuine ATF Type T- IV
Change automatic transmission fluid only
as necessary.

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25. IGN 10 A: Gauges and meters, SRS
airbag system, multiport fuel injection
system/sequential multiport fuel injec-
tion system, front passenger occupant
classification system
26. RAD NO.2 7.5 A: Audio system, shift
lock system, navigation system, rear
seat entertainment system, air condi-
tioning system, multiplex communica-
tion system
27. CIG 15 A: Cigarette lighter
28. P RR DOOR 20 A: Power windows
29. PWR OUTLET1 15 A: Power outlets
30. FR FOG 20 A: Front fog lights
31. ECU- IG 10 A: Electric moon roof,
anti- lock brake system, vehicle stability
control system, shift lock system,
charging system, starting system
32. WIPER 25 A: Windshield wipers and
washer
33. D RR DOOR 20 A: Power windows
34. D FR DOOR 25 A: Power windows,
door courtesy lights, power door lock
system
35. S/ROOF 20 A: Electric moon roof36. HEATER 10 A: Air conditioning system,
electric cooling fan, rear window defog-
ger, outside rear view mirror defogger,
gauges and meters
37. IG1 7.5 A: Back- up lights, vehicle sta-
bility control system, multiport fuel in-
jection system/sequential multiport fuel
injection system, outside rear view mir-
ror heaters, power door lock system,
wireless remote control system, naviga-
tion system, multiplex communication
system
38. RR WIP 15 A: Rear window wiper
39. STOP 20 A: Stop lights, high mounted
stoplight, anti- lock brake system, ve-
hicle stability control system, shift lock
system, trailer lights, multiplex commu-
nication system, multiport fuel injection
system/sequential multiport fuel injec-
tion system
40. OBD 7.5 A: On- board diagnosis sys-
tem
41. SEAT HTR 15 A: Seat heaters
42. IG2 15 A: Multiport fuel injection sys-
tem/sequential multiport fuel injection
system, charging system, starter sys-
tem
43. WASHER 20 A: Low windshield washer
fluid level warning light44. FR DEF 20 A: Air conditioning system,
outside rear view mirror defoggers
45. P FR DOOR 20 A: Power windows,
door courtesy lights, multiplex commu-
nication system
46. TAIL 10 A: Tail lights, license plate
lights, instrument panel lights, front fog
lights, front side marker lights, rear
side marker lights, parking lights
47. PANEL 7.5 A: Instrument panel lights,
trailer lights
48. DRL 7.5 A: Daytime running light sys-
tem
Fuses (type B)
49. AM2 30 A: Multiport fuel injection sys-
tem/sequential multiport fuel injection
system, starting system
50. ABS2 50 A: Anti- lock brake system,
vehicle stability control system
51. ABS1 30 A: Anti- lock brake system,
vehicle stability control system
52. HTR 50 A: Air conditioning system
53. RDI 30 A: Electric cooling fans
54. RR DEF 30 A: Rear window defoggers
55. CDS 30 A: Electric cooling fans

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Towing a trailer.
NOTICE

Do not remove the thermostat in
the engine cooling system as this
may cause the engine to overheat.
The thermostat is designed to con-
trol the flow of coolant to keep the
temperature of the engine within
the specified operating range.

Do not continue driving with an
overheated engine. See If your ve-
hicle overheatsº on page 336 in
Section 4.
The tachometer indicates engine speed
in thousands of rpm (revolutions per
minute). Use it while driving to select
correct shift points and to prevent en-
gine lugging and over- revving.
Driving with the engine running too fast
causes excessive engine wear and poor
fuel economy. Remember, in most cases
the slower the engine speed, the greater
the fuel economy.
NOTICE
Do not let the indicator needle get
into the red zone. This may cause
severe engine damage.
This meter displays the odometer and
two trip meters.
1. OdometerÐShows the total distance
the vehicle has been driven.
2. Two trip metersÐShow two different
distances independently driven since
the last time each trip meter was set
to zero.
You can use one trip meter to calculate
the fuel economy and the other to
measure the distance on each trip. All
trip meter data is cancelled if the elec-
trical power source is disconnected.
Tachometer Odometer and two trip meters

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If following another vehicle on a dusty
road, or driving in windy and dusty
conditions, it is recommended that the
air intake selector be temporarily set to
RECIRCULATE, which will close off the
outside passage and prevent outside
air and dust from entering the vehicle
interior.Heating
For best results, set controls to:
Fan speedÐAny setting except OFFº
TemperatureÐTo w a r d s WARM
(red zone)
Air intakeÐFRESH (outside air)
Air flowÐFLOOR
Air conditioningÐOFF

For quick heating, select recirculated
air for a few minutes. To keep the
windows from fogging, select fresh af-
ter the vehicle interior has been
warmed.

Press the A/Cº button on for dehumidi-
fied heating.

Choose floor/windshield air flow to heat
the vehicle interior while defrosting or
defogging the windshield.
Air conditioning
For best results, set controls to:
Fan speedÐAny setting except OFFº
TemperatureÐTo w a r d s COLD
(blue zone)
Air intakeÐFRESH (outside air)
Air flowÐPANEL
Air conditioningÐON

For quick cooling, turn the temperature
selector knob fully towards COLD and
change the air intake selector mode to
RECIRCULATE.

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If following another vehicle on a dusty
road, or driving in windy and dusty
conditions, it is recommended that the
air intake selector be temporarily set to
RECIRCULATE, which will close off the
outside passage and prevent outside
air and dust from entering the vehicle
interior.Heating
For best results, set controls to:
For automatic operationÐ
Press in the AUTOº button.
TemperatureÐTo the desired
temperature
Air intakeÐFRESH (outside air)
Air conditioningÐOFF
For manual operationÐ
Fan speedÐTo the desired fan speed
TemperatureÐTo w a r d s WARM
(to the right)
Air intakeÐFRESH (outside air)
Air flowÐFLOOR
Air conditioningÐOFF

For quick heating, select recirculated
air for a few minutes. To keep the
windows from fogging, select fresh af-
ter the vehicle interior has been
warmed.

Press the A/Cº button on for dehumidi-
fied heating.

Choose floor/windshield air flow to heat
the vehicle interior while defrosting or
defogging the windshield.Air conditioning
For best results, set controls to:
For automatic operationÐ
Press in the AUTOº button.
TemperatureÐTo the desired
temperature
Air intakeÐFRESH (outside air)
Air conditioningÐON
For manual operationÐ
Fan speedÐTo the desired fan speed
TemperatureÐTo w a r d s COLD
(to the left)
Air intakeÐFRESH (outside air)
Air flowÐPANEL
Air conditioningÐON

For quick cooling, select recirculated
air for a few minutes.