1999 TOYOTA LAND CRUISER oil pressure

New L/C100(U)91
Part 1
OPERATION OF
INSTRUMENTS AND
CONTROLSÐ
Chapter 1- 5
Gauges, Meters and
Service reminder indicators
Fuel gauge
Engine coolant temperature gauge
Oil pressure gauge
Volt m et er
Tachometer
Odometer and two trip meters
Service reminder indicators and
warning buzzers
Fuel gauge
The gauge works when the ignition
switch is on and indicates the approxi-
mate quantity of fuel remaining in the
tank.
Nearly fullÐNeedle at ºFº
Nearly emptyÐNeedle at ºEº
It is a good idea to keep the tank over
1/4 full.
If the fuel level approaches ºEº or the low
fuel level warning light comes on, fill the
fuel tank as soon as possible.
On inclines or curves, due to the move-
ment of fuel in the tank, the fuel gauge
needle may fluctuate or the low fuel level
warning light may come on earlier than
usual.
If the fuel tank is completely empty, the
malfunction indicator lamp comes on. Fill
the fuel tank immediately.
The indicator lamp goes off after driving
several times. If the indicator lamp does
not go off, contact your Toyota dealer as
soon as possible.

New L/C100(U)
92
The gauge indicates the engine coolant
temperature when the ignition switch is
on. The engine operating temperature
will vary with changes in weather and
engine load.
If the needle points to the red zone or
higher, stop your vehicle and allow the
engine to cool.
Your vehicle may overheat during severe
operating conditions, such as: Driving up a long hill on a hot day.
Reducing speed or stopping after high
speed driving.
Idling for a long period with the air
conditioning on in stop- and- go traffic.
Towing a trailer.
NOTICE
Do not remove the thermostat in
the engine cooling system as thismay cause the engine to overheat.The thermostat is designed to con-
trol the flow of coolant to keep thetemperature of the engine withinthe specified operating range.
Do not continue driving with anoverheated engine. See ºIf your ve-hicle overheatsº in Part 4.
Oil pressure gauge
Idling
Normal driving
The oil pressure gauge indicates engine
oil pressure when the ignition switch is
on. Check it while driving to make sure
that the needle is in the proper range.
If the oil pressure should stay below the
normal range, pull off the road to a safe
place and stop the engine immediately.
Call a Toyota dealer or qualified repair
shop for assistance.
Oil pressure may not build up when the
oil level is too low. The oil pressure
gauge is not designed to indicate oil level,
and the oil level must be checked using
the level dipstick.
Engine coolant temperature
gauge

New L/C100(U)93
NOTICE
Do not drive the vehicle with the oilpressure below the normal range untilthe cause is fixedÐit may ruin theengine.
Vo l t m e t e r
The voltmeter tells whether the battery
is charged or discharged. Check it
while the engine is runningÐthe needle
should always indicate as shown above.
If the needle reads below or above the
normal range while the engine is running,
it indicates the charging system needs im-
mediate repair.
However, it is normal for the needle to
drop below the normal range during en-
gine starting. TachometerThe tachometer indicates engine speed
in thousands of rpm (revolutions per
minute). Use it while driving to select
correct shift points and to prevent en-
gine lugging and overrevving.
Driving with the engine running too fast
causes excessive engine wear and poor
fuel economy. Remember, in most cases
the slower the engine speed, the greater
the fuel economy.
NOTICE
Do not let the indicator needle get
into the red zone. This may causesevere engine damage.

New L/C100(U)157
FUNCTIONS OF ENGINE OIL
Engine oil has the primary functions of
lubricating and cooling the inside of the
engine, and plays a major role in main-
taining the engine in proper working order.
ENGINE OIL CONSUMPTION
It is normal that an engine should con-
sume some engine oil during normal
engine operation. The causes of oil
consumption in a normal engine are as
follows.
Oil is used to lubricate pistons, piston
rings and cylinders. A thin film of oil
is left on the cylinder wall when a pis-
ton moves downwards in the cylinder.
High negative pressure generated when
the vehicle is decelerating sucks some
of this oil into the combustion chamber.
This oil as well as some part of the oil
film left on the cylinder wall is burned
by the high temperature combustion
gases during the combustion process.
Oil is also used to lubricate the stems
of the intake valves. Some of this oil
is sucked into the combustion chamber
together with the intake air and is
burned along with the fuel. High tem-
perature exhaust gases also burn the
oil used to lubricate the exhaust valve
stems.
The amount of engine oil consumed de-
pends on the viscosity of the oil, the
quality of the oil and the conditions the
vehicle is driven under.
More oil is consumed by high- speed driv-
ing and frequent acceleration and decel-
eration.
A new engine consumes more oil, since
its pistons, piston rings and cylinder walls
have not become conditioned.
When judging the amount of oil con-
sumption, note that the oil may become
diluted and make it difficult to judge
the true level accurately. As an example, if a vehicle is used for
repeated short trips, and consumes a nor-
mal amount of oil, the dipstick may not
show any drop in the oil level at all, even
after 1000 km (600 miles) or more. This
is because the oil is gradually becoming
diluted with fuel or moisture, making it
appear that the oil level has not changed.
The diluting ingredients evaporate out
when the vehicle is then driven at high
speeds, as on an expressway, making it
appear that oil is excessively consumed
after driving at high speeds.
IMPORTANCE OF ENGINE OIL LEVEL CHECK
One of the most important points in prop-
er vehicle maintenance is to keep the en-
gine oil at the optimum level so that oil
function will not be impaired. Therefore, it
is essential that the oil level be checked
regularly. Toyota recommends that the oil
level be checked every time you refuel
the vehicle.
NOTICE
Failure to check the oil level regularly
could lead to serious engine troubledue to insufficient oil.
Facts about engine oil
consumption

New L/C100(U)243
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
Fluid capacity (drain and ref
ill), L (qt.,
Imp. qt.)
Up to 3.5 (3.7, 3.1)
Fluid type: Automatic transmission fluid D±II or DEXRON
III (DEXRON
II)
TRANSFER
Oil capacity, L (qt., Imp. qt.) 1.3 (1.4, 1.1)
Oil type: Gear oil API GL- 4 or GL- 5
Recommended oil viscosity: SAE 75W- 90
DIFFERENTIAL
Oil capacity, L (qt., Imp. qt.): Front 1.7 (1.8, 1.5) Rear
With rear differential lock system
3.2 (3.4, 2.8)
Without rear differential lock system 3.3 (3.5, 2.9) Oil type:
Standard differential Hypoid gear oil API GL- 5
Limited slip differential Hypoid gear oil for limited slip differ-
ential API GL- 5
Recommended oil viscosity: Above -18 C (0 F)
SAE 90
Below -18 C (0 F)
SAE 80W or 80W- 90
CHASSIS LUBRICATION
Wheel bearings: Lithium base wheel bearing grease,
NLGI No.2
Front drive shaft thrust bushings: Synthetic oil and lithium soap base
chassis grease, NLGI No.1
Propeller shafts: Lithium base wheel bearing grease,
NLGI No.2 BRAKES
Minimum pedal clearance when depressed
with the pressure of 490 N (50 kgf, 110
lbf) with the engine running, mm (in.):
116 (4.6)
Pedal freeplay, mm (in.): 1Ð6 (0.04Ð0.24)
Pad wear limit, mm (in.):
1.0 (0.04)
Lining wear limit, mm (in.): 1.0 (0.04)
Parking brake adjustment when pulled with
the force of 196 N (20 kgf, 44 lbf): 4Ð6 clicks
Fluid type: SAE J1703 or FMVSS No.116 DOT 3
STEERING
Wheel freeplay: Less than 40 mm (1.6 in.)
Power steering fluid type: Automatic transmission fluid DEXRON
II
or III

New L/C100(U)Publication No. OM60811U
Part No. 01999-60811
Printed in Japan 01- 9810- 00
(U)
Quick index
If a service reminder indicator or warning buzzer comes on 94 . . . . .
If your vehicle will not start 181
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
If your engine stalls while driving 185 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
If your vehicle overheats 185
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
If you have a flat tire 186
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
If your vehicle needs to be towed 195 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tips for driving during break-in period 152 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
How to start the engine 167
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General maintenance 208
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Complete index NO TAG
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Gas station information
Fuel type: Premium UNLEADED gasoline, Octane Rating 91 (Research Octane
Number 96) or higher for optimum engine performance However, if
such premium type cannot be obtained, you may temporarily use
unleaded gasoline with an Octane Rating as low as 87 (Research
Octane Number 91).
See page 153 for detailed information.
Fuel tank capacity: 96 L (25.4 gal., 21.1 lmp. gal.)
Engine oil:
API grade SJ, ºEnergy- Conservingº multigrade engine oil or ILSAC
multigrade engine oil is recommended.
See page 220 for detailed information.
Automatic transmission fluid: Automatic transmission fluid D- II or DEXRON
III (DEXRON
II)
Tire information: See pages 224 through 228.
Tire pressure: See page 244.
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