1999 LAND ROVER DEFENDER boot

01INTRODUCTION
4
INFORMATION ACCESSORIES AND CONVERSIONS
DO NOT FITunapproved accessories or conversions,
as they could affect the safety of the vehicle.
Land Rover will not accept liability for death, personal
injury, or damage to property which may occur as a
direct result of the fitting of non-approved conversions
to the vehicle.
WHEELS AND TYRES
WARNING: DO NOT replace the road
wheels with any type other than genuine
Land Rover wheels which are designed for
multi-purpose on and off road use and have very
important relationships with the proper operation
of the suspension system and vehicle handling.
Replacement tyres must be of the make and sizes
recommended for the vehicle, and all tyres must
be the same make, ply rating and tread pattern.
STEAM CLEANING
To prevent consequential rusting, any steam cleaning
within the engine bayMUSTbe followed by careful
re-waxing of the metallic components affected.
Particular attention must be given to the steering
column, engine coolant pipes and hose clips.
SPECIFICATION
The specification details and instructions set out in
this Supplement apply only to a range of vehicles and
not to any one. For the specification of a particular
vehicle purchasers should consult their Dealer.
The Manufacturer reserves the right to vary
specifications with or without notice, and at such times
and in such manner as it thinks fit. Major as well as
minor changes may be involved in accordance with
the Manufacturer’s policy of constant product
improvement.
Whilst every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of
the particulars contained in this Supplement, neither
the Manufacturer or Dealer, by whom this Supplement
is supplied, shall in any circumstances be held liable
for any inaccuracy or the consequences thereof.SPECIAL SERVICE TOOLS
The use of approved special service tools is
important. They are essential if service operations are
to be carried out efficiently, and safely. Where special
tools are specified,only these tools should be used
to avoid the posibility of personal injury or
damage to the components.Also, the amount of time
which they can save can be considerable.
Special tools bulletins will be issued periodically giving
details of new tools as they are introduced.
All orders and enquiries from the United Kingdom
should be sent direct to Cartool (UK) Ltd. Overseas
orders should be placed with the local Cartool
distributor, where one exists. Countries where there is
no distributor may order direct from:
Cartool (UK) Ltd.
Unit 3,
Sterling Business Park,
Brackmills,
Northampton,
England, NN4 7EX.
The tools recommended in this Workshop Manual are
listed in an illustrated catalogue, obtainable from:
Land Rover Publications,
Character Mailing,
Heysham Road,
Bootle,
Merseyside, L70 1JL
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MAINTENANCE
21
MAINTENANCE STEERING BALL JOINTS
1.Check for wear in joints by moving ball joint up
and down vigorously. If free movement is
apparent, fit a new joint assembly.
2.Check condition of steering ball joints paying
particular attention to dust covers.
NOTE: Any requirement to replace the
steering ball joints should be advised to
the customer as this will incur additional
labour and/or material cost and should not be
carried out without the authorisation of the
customer.
NOTE: Ball joints are lubricated for life
during manufacture and require no further
lubrication unless the rubber boot has
been dislodged or damaged. All joints should be
checked at specified service intervals, but more
frequently if vehicle is used under arduous
conditions.
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EMISSION CONTROL
9
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION EGR MODULATOR
1.Port to vacuum source (white band)
2.Port to EGR valve (blue band)3.Port to atmosphere via in-line filter (green band)
4.Harness connector
The EGR modulator is located on a plate fixed to the inner RH front wing. The modulator is attached to the plate
by two studs, each with two nuts which secure the assembly to a rubber mounting, which helps reduce noise. The
modulator must be mounted vertically with the two vacuum ports uppermost.
Modulator operation is controlled by a signal from the ECM which determines the required amount of EGR needed
in response to inputs relating to air flow, engine operation, and ambient conditions. The modulator has a two pin
connector at its base to connect it to the ECM via the engine harness.
The modulator features three ports:
The top port is identified by a white band and connects to a T-piece in the vacuum line via a small bore light
brown plastic hose. The two other ports on the T-piece connect to the vacuum line hoses of black vinyl tubing
between the vacuum pump and the brake servo assembly attached to the bulkhead. The vacuum pump end of
the tubing terminates in a rubber elbow, which gives a vacuum tight seal on the suction port of the vacuum
pump. The brake servo end of the tubing terminates with a non-return valve in a plastic housing which plugs
into the front face of the brake servo housing.
The middle port is identified by a blue band, and connects to the suction port on the EGR valve through a small
bore blue plastic hose.
The lower port is identified by a green band and connects to atmosphere through an in-line filter via a small
bore green plastic hose.
The blue and brown vacuum hoses are protected by corrugated plastic sheaths. The ends of the hoses are fitted
with rubber boots to ensure vacuum tight seals at the component ports.
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17EMISSION CONTROL
10
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION INLET THROTTLE (ILT) MODULATOR
1.Port to vacuum source (white band)
2.Port to ILT valve (blue band)
3.Port to atmosphere via in-line filter (green band)
4.Harness connector (green)
The ILT modulator is located on a plate fixed to the inner wing on the RH side of the engine below the EGR
modulator. The modulator is attached to the plate by two through-studs, each with two nuts which secure the
modulator assembly to a rubber mounting which helps to reduce noise. The modulator must be mounted in the
vertical orientation with the two vacuum ports uppermost.
The modulator operation is controlled by a signal from the ECM which determines the required ratio of exhaust
gas to fresh inlet air needed in response to inputs relating to air flow and engine operating and ambient conditions.
The modulator has a green two-pin connector at its base to connect it to the ECM through the engine harness.
The ILT valve modulator features three ports:
The top port is identified by a white band and connects to a’T’-piece in the vacuum line via a small-bore brown
plastic hose where it is connected in parallel with the vacuum source line to the EGR valve modulator. The two
other ports on the’T’-piece connect vacuum line hoses of black vinyl tubing between the vacuum pump
attached to the alternator and the brake-servo assembly attached to the bulkhead.
The middle port is identified by a blue band and connects to the suction port on the ILT valve through a
small-bore blue plastic hose.
The lower port is identified by a green band and connects to atmosphere through an in-line filter via a green
plastic hose and a three-way connector positioned in-line between the modulators and the filter. The ILT
modulator hose is connected opposite to the two parallel ports at the three-way connector which connect the
vent lines to the EGR valve modulator and the in-line filter. The other port of the in-line filter vents directly to
atmosphere.
The blue and brown vacuum hoses are protected by corrugated plastic sheaths. The ends of the hoses are fitted
with rubber boots to ensure vacuum tight seals at the component ports.
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PANEL REPAIRS
9
SEALING AND CORROSION PROTECTION Stone Chip Resistant Paint/Primer
Re-treat all areas protected with factory-applied
anti-chip primer with suitable approved material in
repair.
Inspections during Maintenance Servicing
It is a requirement of the Land Rover Corrosion
Warranty that the vehicle body is checked for
corrosion by an authorised Land Rover dealer at least
once a year, to ensure that the factory-applied
protection remains effective.
Service Job Sheets include the following operations to
check bodywork for corrosion:
With the vehicle on a lift, carry out visual
check of underbody sealer for damage.
With the vehicle lowered, inspect exterior
paintwork for damage and body panels for
corrosion.
NOTE: Wash the vehicle and ensure that it
is free from deposits prior to inspection. It
is part of the owner’s responsibility to
ensure that the vehicle is kept free of
accumulations of mud which could accelerate the
onset of corrosion. The Dealer MUST wash the
vehicle prior to inspection of bodywork if the
customer has offered it in a dirty condition, and
pay special attention to areas where access is
difficult.
NOTE: The checks described above are
intended to be visual only. It is not
intended that the operator should remove
trim panels, finishers, rubbing strips or sound
deadening materials when checking the vehicle
for corrosion and paint damage.
With the vehicle on a lift, and using an inspection or
spot lamp, visually check for the following:
Corrosion damage and damaged
paintwork, condition of underbody sealer
on front and rear lower panels, sills and
wheel arches.
Damage to underbody sealer on main floor
and chassis members. Corrosion in areas
adjacent to suspension mountings and fuel
tank fixings.
NOTE: The presence of small blisters in
PVC underbody sealer is acceptable,
providing they do not expose bare metal.
Special attention must be paid to signs of damage
caused to panels or corrosion material by incorrect
jack positioning.
It is essential to follow the correct jacking and lifting
procedures.See GENERAL INFORMATION DATA,
Information section.
With the vehicle lowered, visually check for evidence
of damage and corrosion on all painted areas, in
particular the following:
Front edge of bonnet.
Visible flanges in engine compartment and
boot.
Lower body and door panels.
Where bodywork damage or evidence of corrosion is
found during inspection, rectify this as soon as is
practicable, both to minimise the extent of the damage
and to ensure the long term effectiveness of the
factory-applied corrosion protection treatment. Where
the cost of rectification work is the owner’s
responsibility, the Dealer must advise the owner and
endorse the relevant documentation accordingly.
Where corrosion has become evident and is
emanating from beneath a removable component
(e.g. trim panel, window glass, seat etc.), remove the
component as required to permit effective rectification.
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77PANEL REPAIRS
28
SEALING AND CORROSION PROTECTION WATER LEAKS
Sealing charts in this section show those areas of the
bodyshell most likely to be affected by accident
damage and water leaks, and which could therefore
require re-treatment in repair. They do not show those
joint areas which only apply to factory assembly
operations and which are unlikely to be disturbed in
service (e.g. centre tunnel), or where the damage
would be so severe that the entire bodyshell would
normally be written off.
When water leakage occurs, always adopt a logical
approach to the problem using a combination of skill,
experience and intuition. Do not attempt to reach a
conclusion based only on visual evidence, such as
assuming that a leak emanates from the windscreen
because the footwell is wet. It will often be found that
the source of the leak is elsewhere. The correct
procedure will increase the chance of locating a leak,
however obscure it may seem.
Tools and Equipment
The following tools and equipment are recommended
for detection and rectification of water leaks:
1. Garden sprayer (hand-operated).
2. Wet/dry vacuum cleaner.
3. Dry absorbent cloths.
4. Battery torch.
5. Small mirror.
6. Weatherstrip locating tool.
7. Trim panel remover.
8. Small wooden or plastic wedges.
9. Dry compressed air supply.
10. Hot air blower.
11. Sealer applicators.
12. Ultrasonic leak detector.
During leak detection, the vehicle should be
considered in three basic sections:
The front interior space,
The rear passenger space (where
applicable), and
The rear loadspace or boot.Testing
From the information supplied by the customer it
should be possible for the bodyshop operator to locate
the starting point from which the leak may be
detected. After the area of the leak has been
identified, find the actual point of entry into the vehicle.
A simple and effective means initially is an ordinary
garden spray with provision for pressure and jet
adjustment. This will allow water to be directed in a jet
or turned into a fine spray. Use a mirror and a
battery-powered torch (NOT a mains voltage
inspection lamp) to see into dark corners.
The sequence of testing is particularly important. Start
at the lowest point and work slowly upwards, to avoid
testing in one area while masking the leak in another.
For example, if testing started at the level of the
windscreen, any water cascading into the plenum
chamber could leak through a bulkhead grommet and
into the footwells. Even at this point it could still be
wrongly assumed that the windscreen seal was at
fault.
Another important part of identifying a water leak is by
visual examination of door aperture seals, grommets
and weatherstrips for damage, deterioration or
misalignment, together with the fit of the door itself
against the seals.
Sealing
When the point of the leak has been detected,
proceed to rectify it using the following procedure:
1. Renew all door aperture seals and weatherstrips
which have suffered damage, misalignment or
deterioration.
2. Check all body seals to ensure that they are
correctly located on their mounting flanges/faces
using a locating tool if necessary.
3. Dry out body seams to be treated using
compressed air and/or a hot air blower as
necessary.
4. Apply sealant on the outside of the joint
wherever possible to ensure the exclusion of
water.
5. When rectifying leaks between a screen glass
and its weatherstrip (or in the case of direct
glazing, between the glass and bodywork), avoid
removing the glass if possible. Apply the
approved material either at the glass to
weatherstrip or glass to body.
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