1998 MITSUBISHI MONTERO air condition
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ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM
1998 Mitsubishi Montero
1997-98 BRAKES
Mitsubishi - Anti-Lock
Montero
DESCRIPTION
CAUTION: See ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SAFETY PRECAUTIONS article in GENERAL
INFORMATION.
NOTE: For more information on brake system, see BRAKE SYSTEM
article.
The Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) is designed to prevent wheel\
lock-up during heavy braking. This allows operator to maintain
steering control while stopping vehicle in shortest distance possible.
Major components are a hydraulic unit, wheel speed sensors, "G"
sensor, ABS Electronic Control Unit (ECU) and ANTI-LOCK warning light.\
ABS has a self-diagnostic system to indicate a system malfunction and
for use in system trouble shooting.
OPERATION
Each wheel sensor sends an AC electrical signal to the ECU.
The ECU reads this information as wheel speed. When any decelerating
wheel speed rate is determined to be excessive in comparison to other
monitored wheels, the hydraulic unit cycles hydraulic brake pressure
to each wheel to equalize speed of all wheels. ABS turns itself off
when vehicle drops to 4 MPH. Minor lock-up may occur at this point.
With engine running and vehicle speed greater than 4 MPH,
pump motor will operate for a short period of time and may be heard
inside vehicle. During pump motor operation, ABS system is completing
a self-check. During ABS system operation, a pulsing brake pedal and
vibration in steering wheel and vehicle body may be experienced. These
conditions are normal.
BLEEDING BRAKE SYSTEM
BLEEDING PROCEDURES
CAUTION: When adding brake fluid, ensure filter is properly fitted on
reservoir tank.
ABS system is bled using conventional method. With engine
running, manually bleed system using an assistant. For bleeding order,
see BRAKE LINE BLEEDING SEQUENCE table. Ensure Load Sensing
Proportioning Valve (LSPV) is bled in sequence. Remove all air from
brake system. Refill brake fluid reservoir after bleeding procedure is
complete.
BRAKE LINE BLEEDING SEQUENCE
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Application Sequence
Montero ....................................... RR, LR, LSPV, RF, LF
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27 ..................... (3) Rear Differential Lock Detection Switch
32 ............................................... "G" Sensor System
33 ......................................... Stoplight Switch System
41 ....................................... RF Solenoid Valve Circuit
42 ....................................... LF Solenoid Valve Circuit
43 ..................................... Rear Solenoid Valve Circuit
51 ..................................................... Valve Relay
53 ..................................................... Motor Relay
63 Or 64 ............................................ ( 4) Faulty ECU
( 1) - See appropriate DTC under DIAGNOSTIC TESTS.
( 2) - Vehicles with differential lock.
( 3) - Vehicles without differential lock.
( 4) - Replace ECU.
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DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
DTC 11, 12, 13 OR 14: WHEEL SPEED SENSOR (OPEN/SHORT
CIRCUIT)
NOTE: DTC will set if ECU detects a wheel speed sensor open or
short circuit.
1) Ensure sensor is properly installed. See WHEEL SPEED
SENSOR (WSS) under REMOVAL & INSTALLATION . Correct installation if
needed. If installation is okay, go to next step.
2) Disconnect ECU 26-pin connector. Check resistance between
specified ECU connector terminals. See
WHEEL SPEED SENSOR OUTPUT CIRCUIT IDENTIFICATION table. See Figs. 5-6.
Resistance for front sensors should be 1170-1350 ohms. Resistance for
rear sensors should be 1300-1500 ohms. If resistance is as specified,
go to next step. If resistance is not as specified, check and repair
connectors and related wiring between ECU and suspect sensor. See
WIRING DIAGRAMS .
WHEEL SPEED SENSOR OUTPUT CIRCUIT IDENTIFICATION
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Application Terminals No.
Left Front .................................................. 7 & 20
Left Rear ................................................... 9 & 22
Right Front ................................................ 10 & 23
Right Rear .................................................. 8 & 21
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3) Raise and support vehicle. Disconnect ECU connectors.
Using DVOM, backprobe specified ECU connector terminals. See
WHEEL SPEED SENSOR OUTPUT CIRCUIT IDENTIFICATION table. See Figs. 5-6.
Check voltage between each harness connector terminal while rotating
wheel at 1/2 to one rotation per second. If pulse voltage is 70 mV or
more, go to step 8). If voltage is not as specified, go to next step.
4) Inspect condition of suspect speed sensor. Ensure tip of
speed sensor is clean. If speed sensor is okay, go to next step.
5) Disconnect sensor connector. Using DVOM, check resistance
across sensor terminals. Resistance for front sensors should be 1170-
1350 ohms. Resistance for rear sensors should be 1300-1500 ohms. If
resistance is as specified, go to next step. If resistance is not as
specified, replace sensor.
6) Remove sensor. Check resistance between each sensor
terminal and sensor body. If resistance is 100,000 ohms or more, go to
next step. If resistance is not as specified, replace sensor.
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7) Inspect condition of toothed rotor. Check for broken or
deformed teeth. If toothed rotor is okay, go to next step.
8) Check ECU connectors. Repair connectors as needed. If
connectors are okay, replace ECU.
DTC 15: WHEEL SPEED SENSOR OUTPUT SIGNAL (ABNORMAL)
NOTE: DTC will set if ECU detects a wheel speed sensor fault other
than an open or short circuit.
1) Ensure sensor is properly installed. See WHEEL SPEED
SENSOR (WSS) under REMOVAL & INSTALLATION . Correct installation if
needed. If installation is okay, go to next step.
2) Raise and support vehicle. Disconnect ECU connectors.
Using DVOM, backprobe specified ECU connector terminals. See
WHEEL SPEED SENSOR OUTPUT CIRCUIT IDENTIFICATION table. See Figs. 5-6.
Check voltage between each harness connector terminal while rotating
wheel at 1/2 to one rotation per second. If pulse voltage is 70 mV or
more, go to step 7). If voltage is not as specified, go to next step.
3) Inspect condition of suspect speed sensor. Ensure tip of
speed sensor is clean. If speed sensor is okay, go to next step.
4) Disconnect sensor connector. Using DVOM, check resistance
across sensor terminals. Resistance for front sensors should be 1170-
1350 ohms. Resistance for rear sensors should be 1300-1500 ohms. If
resistance is as specified, go to next step. If resistance is not as
specified, replace sensor.
5) Remove sensor. Check resistance between each sensor
terminal and sensor body. If resistance is 100,000 ohms or more, go to
next step. If resistance is not as specified, replace sensor.
6) Inspect condition of toothed rotor. Check for broken or
deformed teeth. If toothed rotor is okay, go to next step.
7) Check ECU connectors. Repair connectors as needed. If
connectors are okay, replace ECU.
DTC 16: ECU POWER SUPPLY
NOTE: DTC will set if ECU power supply voltage is not within
standard value. If voltage returns to normal, DTC will be
erased. Ensure battery is fully charged.
1) Ensure battery voltage is 10-17 volts. Turn ignition off.
Disconnect ECU 26-pin connector. Start engine. Using DVOM, check
voltage between ECU 26-pin connector terminal No. 13 and ground. See
Figs. 5 -6. If battery voltage exists, go to step 3). If battery
voltage do es not exist, go to next step.
2) Check and repair connectors and related wiring between
ignition switch and ECU. See WIRING DIAGRAMS. If connectors and wiring
are okay, check and repair battery or charging system.
3) Check voltage between ECU 26-pin connector terminal No. 26
and ground. If battery voltage exists, go to next step. If battery
voltage does not exist, check and repair connectors and wiring harness
between fusible link and ECU. See WIRING DIAGRAMS.
4) Check and repair ECU connectors. If connectors are okay,
replace ECU.
DTC 21, 22, 23 OR 24: WHEEL SPEED SENSOR (ABNORMAL)
NOTE: DTC sets if wheel speed sensor does not output a signal when
driving, and an open circuit cannot be found.
1) Ensure sensor is properly installed. See WHEEL SPEED
SENSOR (WSS) under REMOVAL & INSTALLATION . Correct installation if
needed. If installation is okay, go to next step.
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2) Disconnect ECU 26-pin connector. Check resistance between
specified ECU connector terminals. See
WHEEL SPEED SENSOR OUTPUT CIRCUIT IDENTIFICATION table. See Figs. 5-6.
Resistance for front sensors should be 1170-1350 ohms. Resistance for
rear sensors should be 1300-1500 ohms. If resistance is as specified,
go to next step. If resistance is not as specified, check and repair
connectors and related wiring between ECU and suspect sensor. See
WIRING DIAGRAMS .
3) Raise and support vehicle. Disconnect ECU connectors.
Using DVOM, backprobe specified ECU connector terminals. See
WHEEL SPEED SENSOR OUTPUT CIRCUIT IDENTIFICATION table. See Figs. 5-6.
Check voltage between each harness connector terminal while rotating
wheel at 1/2 to one rotation per second. If pulse voltage is 70 mV or
more, go to step 8). If voltage is not as specified, go to next step.
4) Inspect condition of suspect speed sensor. Ensure tip of
speed sensor is clean. If speed sensor is okay, go to next step.
5) Disconnect sensor connector. Using DVOM, check resistance
across sensor terminals. Resistance for front sensors should be 1170-
1350 ohms. Resistance for rear sensors should be 1300-1500 ohms. If
resistance is as specified, go to next step. If resistance is not as
specified, replace sensor.
6) Remove sensor. Check resistance between each sensor
terminal and sensor body. If resistance is 100,000 ohms or more, go to
next step. If resistance is not as specified, replace sensor.
7) Inspect condition of toothed rotor. Check for broken or
deformed teeth. If toothed rotor is okay, go to next step.
8) Check ECU connectors. Repair connectors as needed. If
connectors are okay, replace ECU.
DTC 25: FREE WHEEL ENGAGE SWITCH
NOTE: DTC sets if ECU detects an open circuit in free wheel engage
switch.
1) Start engine. Ensure 4WD indicator light operates
correctly when transfer shift lever is moved to desired 4WD positions.
If indicator light operates correctly, go to step 3). If indicator
light does not operate correctly, go to next step.
2) Turn engine off. Check wiring harness between 4WD
indicator control unit (located behind radio) and free wheel engage
switch (located on right side of front differential housing, near
carrier assembly). If circuit is okay, replace 4WD indicator control
unit.
3) Disconnect ECU 22-pin connector. Turn ignition on. Using
DVOM, check voltage between ECU 22-pin connector terminal No. 45 and
ground. See Figs. 5-6. In 2WD, battery voltage should exist. Battery
voltage should not exist in 4WD. If voltage is as specified, go to
next step. If voltage is not as specified, check and repair connectors
and wiring harness between free wheel engage switch and ECU. See
WIRING DIAGRAMS .
4) Check and repair ECU 22-pin connector. If connector is
okay, replace ECU.
DTC 26: CENTER DIFFERENTIAL LOCK DETECTION SWITCH
NOTE: DTC sets if ECU detects an open circuit in center
differential lock detection switch system.
1) Start engine. Ensure 4WD indicator light operates
correctly when transfer shift lever is moved to desired 4WD positions.
If indicator light does not operate correctly, go to step 4). If
indicator light operates correctly, go to next step.
2) Disconnect ECU 22-pin connector. Turn ignition on. Using
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satisfied with a repair transaction, the Motorist Assurance Program
offers mediation and arbitration through MAP/BBB-CARE and other non-
profit organizations. MAP conducted pilot programs in twelve states
before announcing the program nationally in October, 1998. During the
pilots, participating repair shops demonstrated their adherence to the
Pledge and Standards and agreed to follow the UICS in communicating
the results of their inspection to their customers. To put some
"teeth" in the program, an accreditation requirement for shops was
initiated. The requirements are stringent, and a self-policing method
has been incorporated which includes the "mystery shopping" of
outlets.
We welcome you to join us as we continue our outreach with
your support, both the automotive repair industry and your customers
will reap the benefits. Please visit MAP at our Internet site www.
motorist.org or contact us at:
1444 I Street, NW Suite 700
Washington, DC 20005
Phone (202) 712-9042 Fax (202) 216-9646
January 1999
MAP UNIFORM INSPECTION GENERAL GUIDELINES
OVERVIEW OF SERVICE REQUIREMENTS AND SUGGESTIONS
It is MAP policy that all exhaust, brake, steering,
suspension, wheel alignment, drive-line, engine performance and
maintenance, and heating, ventilation and air conditioning, and
electrical services be offered and performed under the standards and
procedures specified in these sections.
Before any service is performed on a vehicle, an inspection
of the appropriate system must be performed. The results of this
inspection must be explained to the customer and documented on an
inspection form. The condition of the vehicle and its components will
indicate what services/part replacements may be "Required" or
"Suggested". In addition, suggestions may be made to satisfy the
requests expressed by the customer.
When a component is suggested or required to be repaired or
replaced, the decision to repair or replace must be made in the
customer's best interest, and at his or her choice given the options
available.
This section lists the various parts and conditions that
indicate a required or suggested service or part replacement.
Although this list is extensive, it is not fully inclusive. In
addition to this list, a technician may make a suggestion. However,
any suggestions must be based on substantial and informed experience,
or the vehicle manufacturer's recommended service interval and must be
documented.
Some conditions indicate that service or part replacement is
required because the part in question is no longer providing the
function for which it is intended, does not meet a vehicle
manufacturer's design specification or is missing.
Example:
An exhaust pipe has corroded severely and has a hole in it
through which exhaust gases are leaking. Replacement of the
exhaust pipe in this case is required due to functional
failure.
Example:
A brake rotor has been worn to the point where it measures
less than the vehicle manufacturer's discard specifications.
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Replacement of the rotor is required because it does not meet
design specifications.
Some conditions indicate that a service or part replacement
is suggested because the part is close to the end of its useful life
or addresses a customer's need, convenience or request. If a
customer's vehicle has one of these conditions, the procedure may be
only to suggest service.
Example:
An exhaust pipe is rusted, corroded or weak, but no leaks are
present. In this case, the exhaust pipe has not failed.
However, there is evidence that the pipe may need replacement
in the near future. Replacement of the pipe may be suggested
for the customer's convenience in avoiding a future problem.
Example:
The customer desires improved ride and/or handling, but the
vehicle's shocks or struts have not failed. In this case,
replacement may be suggested to satisfy the customer's
wishes. In this case, replacement of the shocks or struts may
not be sold as a requirement.
A customer, of course, has the choice of whether or not a
shop will service his or her vehicle. He or she may decide not to
follow some of your suggestions. When a repair is required, a MAP
shop must refuse partial service on that system if, in the judgment of
the service provider, proceeding with the work could create or
continue an unsafe condition. When a procedure states that required
or suggested repair or replacement is recommended, the customer must
be informed of the generally acceptable repair/replacement options
whether or not performed by the shop.
When presenting suggested repairs to the customer, you must
present the facts, allowing the customer to draw their own conclusions
and make an informed decision about how to proceed.
The following reasons may be used for required and suggested
services. These codes are shown in the "Code" column of the MAP
Uniform Inspection & Communications Standards that follow:
Reasons to Require Repair or Replacement
A - Part no longer performs intended purpose
B - Part does not meet a design specification (regardless of
performance)
C - Part is missing
NOTE: When a repair is required, the shop must refuse partial
service to the system in question, if the repair creates
or continues an unsafe condition.
Reasons to Suggest Repair or Replacement
1 - Part is close to the end of its useful life (just above
discard specifications, or weak; failure likely to occur
soon, etc.)
2 - To address a customer need, convenience, or request (to
stiffen ride, enhance performance, eliminate noise, etc.)
3 - To comply with maintenance recommended by the vehicle's
Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM)
4 - Technician's recommendation based on substantial and
informed experience
NOTE: Suggested services are always optional. When presenting
suggested repairs to the customer, you must present the
facts, allowing the customer to draw their own conclusions
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and make an informed decision about how to proceed.
BRAKES
SERVICE PROCEDURES REQUIRED & SUGGESTED FOR PROPER
VEHICLE OPERATION
Some states may have specifications that differ from OEM.
Check your local/state regulations. Where state or local laws are
stricter, they take precedence over these guidelines.
ACCELEROMETERS (G SENSOR OR LATERAL)
ACCELEROMETER INSPECTION \
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Condition Code Procedure
Broken .................. A ............ Require replacement.
Connector loose ......... A .. Require repair or replacement.
Loose ................... B .. Require repair or replacement.
Missing ................. C ............ Require replacement.
Out of position ......... B ....... Require re-positioning to
vehicle manufacturer's
specifications.
Output signal incorrect . B ............ Require replacement.
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ACCUMULATORS
ACCUMULATOR INSPECTION \
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Condition Code Procedure
Leaking ................. B ............ Require replacement.
Missing ................. C ............ Require replacement.
Pre-charge incorrect .... B ............ Require replacement.
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ANCHOR PINS
See BACKING PLATES .
ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEMS
NOTE: Anti-lock brakes are an integral part of the brake system. It
is essential that the anti-lock brakes function properly when
brake service is performed.
Anti-lock brake systems are commonly referred to as "ABS" and
will be referred to as "ABS" throughout these guidelines. Some ABS
components also function as part of a traction control system (TCS).
WARNING: When diagnosing and servicing high pressure components,
observe safety procedures and equipment requirements
established by the vehicle manufacturer to reduce the
possibility of serious personal injury.
NOTE: Intermittent electrical conditions are often caused by a loss
of ground, poor connection, or water intrusion into the
wiring harness.
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NOTE: Electro-magnetic interference (EMI) may be caused by
incorrect installation of accessories or components. EMI can
result in improper system operation.
BACKING PLATES
BACKING PLATE INSPECTION \
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Condition Code Procedure
Anchor pin bent ......... B .. Require repair or replacement.
Anchor pin broken ....... A ............ Require replacement.
Anchor pin worn, affecting
structural integrity ... B ............ Require replacement.
Backing plate bent ...... B .. Require repair or replacement.
Backing plate broken .... A ............ Require replacement.
Backing plate cracked ... B .. Require repair or replacement.
Corroded, affecting
structural integrity .... A ............ Require replacement.
Loose ................... B .. Require repair or replacement.
Missing ................. C ............ Require replacement.
Shoe lands worn ......... A .. Require repair or replacement.
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BRAKE FLUID
CAUTION: Most manufacturers prohibit the use of DOT 5 brake fluid
in a system equipped with ABS.
DOT 3, DOT 4, and DOT 5.1 brake fluids are clear or light
amber in color. DOT 5 brake fluid is violet in color. Correct fluid
required for the brake system is stamped on the master cylinder cover.
BRAKE FLUID INSPECTION
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Condition Code Procedure
Beyond service interval . 3 .. Suggest flushing and refilling
with correct fluid.
Brake fluid type
incorrect .............. B .. Require flushing and refilling
with correct fluid.
Contaminated, for example,
fluid other than brake
fluid present .......... A or B ....... ( 1) Require service.
Hydraulic component ..... 3 .. Suggest flushing and refilling
overhaul or replacement with correct fluid.
Rubber master cylinder
cover gasket distorted
and gummy .............. A .......... ( 2) Require replacement
of gasket.
( 1) - If a fluid other than brake fluid is present in the brake
system which DOES affect the rubber parts, the required
service is to:
* Remove all components having rubber parts from the
system.
* Flush lines with denatured alcohol or brake cleaner
* Repair or replace all components having rubber parts
* Flush and fill with correct brake fluid. (Code A)
If a fluid other than brake fluid is present in the brake