1998 DODGE RAM 1500 body code plate

INTRODUCTION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
page page
VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
DESCRIPTION..........................1
VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL INFORMATION
(VECI)
DESCRIPTION..........................2
BODY CODE PLATE
DESCRIPTION..........................3
INTERNATIONAL VEHICLE CONTROL &
DISPLAY SYMBOLS
DESCRIPTION - INTERNATIONAL SYMBOLS . . . 5
FASTENER IDENTIFICATION
DESCRIPTION..........................5FASTENER USAGE
DESCRIPTION - FASTENER USAGE.........8
THREADED HOLE REPAIR
DESCRIPTION - THREADED HOLE REPAIR....8
METRIC SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION..........................8
TORQUE REFERENCES
DESCRIPTION.........................10
VEHICLE CERTIFICATION LABEL
DESCRIPTION.........................11
VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER
DESCRIPTION
VIN CODING/LOCATIONS
The Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) plate is
located on the lower windshield fence near the left
a-pillar (Fig. 1). The VIN contains 17 characters that
provide data concerning the vehicle. Refer to the VIN
decoding chart to determine the identification of a
vehicle.
The VIN is also imprinted on the:
²Body Code Plate.
²Equipment Identification Plate.
²Vehicle Safety Certification Label.
²Frame rail.
To protect the consumer from theft and possible
fraud the manufacturer is required to include a
Check Digit at the ninth position of the VIN. The
check digit is used by the manufacturer and govern-
ment agencies to verify the authenticity of the vehi-cle and official documentation. The formula to use
the check digit is not released to the general public.
POSITION INTERPRETATION CODE = DESCRIPTION
1 Country of Origin 1 = Manufactured By DaimlerChrysler Corporation
3 = Manufactured By DaimlerChrysler De Mexico
2 Make D = Dodge
3 Vehicle Type 2 = Incomplete with Side Airbag
3 = Truck with Side Airbag
6 = Incomplete Less Side Airbag
7 = Truck Less Side Airbag
Fig. 1 VIN LOCATION
1 - DASH PANEL
2 - VIN CODE PLATE
DRINTRODUCTION 1

BODY CODE PLATE
DESCRIPTION
The Body Code Plate (Fig. 4) is located on the right
front hydroform fender rail just behind the headlight
assembly (Fig. 3). There are seven lines of informa-
tion on the body code plate. Lines 5, 6, and 7 are not
used to define service information. Information reads
from left to right, starting with line 4 in the center of
the plate to line 1 at the bottom of the plate.
The last code imprinted on a vehicle code plate will
be followed by the imprinted word END. When two
vehicle code plates are required, the last available
spaces on the first plate will be imprinted with the
letters CTD (for continued).
When a second vehicle code plate is necessary, the
first four spaces on each row will not be used because
of the plate overlap.
BODY CODE PLATEÐLINE 4
DIGITS 1 THROUGH 12
Vehicle Order Number
DIGITS 13, 14, AND 15
Transmission Codes
²DG4 = 4±speed Automatic (45RFE)
²DG8 = 4±speed Automatic (48RE)²DDC = 5±speed Manual (NV3500)
²DDP = 5±speed Manual (NV4500)
²DEC = 6±speed Manual (NV5600)
²DEE = 6±speed Manual Tremec (T-56)
DIGITS 16, 17, AND 18
Car Line Shell
²DR1=15004X2
²DR6=15004X4
²DR2=25004X2
²DR7=25004X4
²DR3=35004X2
²DR8=35004X4
DIGIT 19
Price Class
²L = Low
²H = Highline
DIGITS 20 AND 21
Body Type
²41 = Ram Truck Quad Cab, Short Box
²42 = Ram Truck Quad Cab, Long Box
²61 = Ram Truck Standard Cab, Short Box
²62 = Ram Truck Standard Cab, Long Box
Fig. 3 BODY CODE PLATE LOCATION
1 - FENDER
2 - RADIATOR CROSSMEMBER
3 - HYDROFORM FENDER RAIL
4 - RIVOT (2)
5 - BODY CODE PLATE
Fig. 4 BODY CODE PLATE
1 - PRIMARY PAINT
2 - SECONDARY PAINT
3 - TRANSMISSION CODE
4 - VEHICLE MODEL NUMBER
5 - ENGINE CODE
6 - INTERIOR TRIM CODE
7 - VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
8 - TAILGATE CODE
9 - CARGO BOX CODE
10 - TAILGATE TRIM CODE
11 - BODY-IN-WHITE SEQUENCE
12 - MARKET CODE
13 - SPECIES CODE
14 - PAINT PROCEDURE
15 - VEHICLE ORDER NUMBER
DRINTRODUCTION 3

BODY CODE PLATEÐLINE 3
DIGITS 1,2, AND 3
Paint Procedure
²APA = Monotone
²AP9 = Special
²APD = Two-tone (Lower break)
DIGIT 4
Open Space
DIGITS 5 THROUGH 8
Primary Paint
(Refer to 23 - BODY/PAINT - SPECIFICATIONS)
for color codes.
DIGIT 9
Open Space
DIGITS 10 THROUGH 13
Secondary Paint
DIGIT 14
Open Space
DIGITS 15 THROUGH 18
Interior Trim Code
DIGIT 19
Open Space
DIGITS 20, 21, AND 22
Engine Code
²EKG = 3.7 L 6 cyl. MPI Gasoline
²EVA = 4.7 L 8 cyl. MPI Gasoline
²EZA = 5.7 L 8 cyl. SMPI Gasoline
²ETC = 5.9 L 6 cyl. Cummins Turbo Diesel
²ETH = 5.9 L 6 cyl. Cummins Turbo Diesel High
Output
BODY CODE PLATEÐLINE 2
DIGIT 1 Open Space
DIGITS 2 AND 3 Species Code. (Used for Manufacturing)
DIGIT 4
Open Space
DIGIT 5
Market Code
²B = International
²C = Canada
²M = Mexico
²U = United States
DIGIT 6
Open Space
DIGITS 7 THROUGH 23
Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)
(Refer to VEHICLE DATA/VEHICLE INFORMA-
TION/VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER -
DESCRIPTION) for proper breakdown of VIN code.
BODY CODE PLATEÐLINE 1
DIGITS 1 THROUGH 6 Body-in-white assembly sequence.
DIGIT 7
Open Space
DIGIT 8 Tailgate trim code.
DIGIT 9
Open Space
DIGITS 10 THROUGH 12 Cargo box code
DIGIT 13
Open Space
DIGITS 14 THROUGH 16 Tailgate code
4 INTRODUCTIONDR
BODY CODE PLATE (Continued)

WARNING: TO AVOID PERSONAL INJURY OR
DEATH, THE PASSENGER AIRBAG DOOR MUST
NEVER BE PAINTED. REPLACEMENT PASSENGER
AIRBAG UNITS ARE SERVICED WITH DOORS IN
THE ORIGINAL COLORS. PAINT MAY CHANGE THE
WAY IN WHICH THE MATERIAL OF THE AIRBAG
DOOR RESPONDS TO AN AIRBAG DEPLOYMENT.
FAILURE TO OBSERVE THIS WARNING COULD
RESULT IN OCCUPANT INJURIES UPON AIRBAG
DEPLOYMENT.
WARNING: TO AVOID PERSONAL INJURY OR
DEATH, USE EXTREME CARE TO PREVENT ANY
FOREIGN MATERIAL FROM ENTERING THE PAS-
SENGER AIRBAG, OR BECOMING ENTRAPPED
BETWEEN THE PASSENGER AIRBAG CUSHION
AND THE PASSENGER AIRBAG DOOR. FAILURE TO
OBSERVE THIS WARNING COULD RESULT IN
OCCUPANT INJURIES UPON AIRBAG DEPLOY-
MENT.
(1) Carefully position the passenger airbag and
airbag door to the instrument panel as a unit.
(2) Reconnect the passenger airbag pigtail wire
connector to the instrument panel wire harness con-
nector for the airbag. This connector is secured to the
inboard side of the airbag housing.Be certain that
the latch on the connector and the red Connec-
tor Position Assurance (CPA) lock are each
fully engaged.
(3) Position the passenger airbag housing and door
unit into the instrument panel.
(4) Using hand pressure, press firmly and evenly
over each of the seven snap features on the upper
and outboard edges of the passenger airbag door
until they snap into their receptacles in the instru-
ment panel base trim.
(5) Reach through and above the glove box opening
to install and tighten the two screws that secure the
passenger airbag front brackets to the instrument
panel structural support (Fig. 37). Tighten the screws
to 6 N´m (55 in. lbs.).
(6) Reach through and above the glove box opening
to install and tighten the two screws that secure the
passenger airbag rear brackets to the upper glove
box opening reinforcement. Tighten the screws to 6
N´m (55 in. lbs.).
(7) Install and tighten the six screws that secure
the inboard and lower flanges of the passenger air-
bag door to the instrument panel (Fig. 36). Tighten
the screws to 2 N´m (20 in. lbs.).
(8) Install and tighten the screw that secures the
mounting tab of the panel outlet housing to the
upper glove box opening reinforcement. Tighten the
screw to 2 N´m (20 in. lbs.).(9) Reinstall the lower surround onto the instru-
ment panel. (Refer to 23 - BODY/INSTRUMENT
PANEL/LOWER SURROUND - INSTALLATION).
(10) Do not reconnect the battery negative cable at
this time. The supplemental restraint system verifi-
cation test procedure should be performed following
service of any supplemental restraint system compo-
nent. (Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/RESTRAINTS -
STANDARD PROCEDURE - VERIFICATION TEST).
PASSENGER AIRBAG ON/OFF
SWITCH
DESCRIPTION
The passenger airbag on/off switch is standard
equipment on all standard cab versions of this model
when they are equipped with the dual front airbag
system (Fig. 39). This switch is a two-position, resis-
tor multiplexed switch with a single integral red
Light-Emitting Diode (LED), and a non-coded key
cylinder-type actuator. The switch is located in the
lower right corner of instrument panel center bezel,
near the center of instrument panel to make the Off
indicator visible to all front seat occupants. When the
switch is in its installed position, the only compo-
nents visible through the dedicated opening of the
cluster bezel are the switch face plate and nomencla-
ture, and the key cylinder actuator. The9Off9position
of the switch is illuminated when this switch position
is selected, while the ªOnº position of the switch is
designated by text imprinted upon the face plate of
the switch, but is not illuminated. The remainder of
the switch is concealed behind the switch face plate
and the instrument panel center bezel.
Fig. 39 Passenger Airbag On/Off Switch
1 - SWITCH
2 - FACE PLATE
3 - OFF INDICATOR
4 - KEY CYLINDER ACTUATOR
8O - 42 RESTRAINTSDR
PASSENGER AIRBAG (Continued)

The passenger airbag on/off switch housing is con-
structed of molded plastic and has three integral
mounting tabs. These mounting tabs are used to
secure the switch to the back of the molded plastic
switch face plate with three small screws. The
molded plastic face plate also has three integral
mounting tabs that are used to secure the switch and
face plate unit to the instrument panel center bezel
with three additional screws. A molded plastic con-
nector receptacle on the back of the switch housing
connects the switch to the vehicle electrical system
through a dedicated take out and connector of the
instrument panel wire harness. The molded plastic
harness connector insulator is keyed and latched to
ensure proper and secure switch electrical connec-
tions. The passenger airbag on/off switch cannot be
adjusted or repaired and, if faulty or damaged, the
switch must be replaced.
OPERATION
The passenger airbag on/off switch allows the cus-
tomer to turn the passenger airbag function On or
Off to accommodate certain uses of the right front
seating position where airbag protection may not be
desired. See the owner's manual in the vehicle glove
box for specific recommendations on when to enable
or disable the passenger airbag. The Off indicator of
the switch will be illuminated whenever the switch is
turned to the Off position and the ignition switch is
in the On position.
The ignition key is the only key or object that
should ever be inserted into the key cylinder actuator
of the switch. The on/off switch requires only a par-
tial key insertion to fully depress a spring-loaded
locking plunger. The spring-loaded locking plunger
prevents the user from leaving the key in the switch.
The key will be automatically ejected when force is
not applied. To actuate the passenger airbag on/off
switch, insert the ignition key into the switch key
actuator far enough to fully depress the plunger, then
rotate the actuator to the desired switch position.
When the switch key actuator is rotated to its clock-
wise stop (the key actuator slot will be aligned with
the Off indicator), the Off indicator is illuminated
and the passenger airbag is disabled. When the
switch is rotated to its counterclockwise stop (the key
actuator slot will be in a vertical position), the Off
indicator will be extinguished and the passenger air-
bag is enabled.The passenger airbag on/off switch connects one of
two internal resistors in series between the passen-
ger airbag mux switch sense and passenger airbag
mux switch return circuits of the Airbag Control
Module (ACM). The ACM continually monitors the
resistance in these circuits to determine the switch
position that has been selected. When the switch is
in the Off position, the ACM provides a ground input
to the switch through the passenger airbag indicator
driver circuit, which energizes the Light-Emitting
Diode (LED) that illuminates the Off indicator of the
switch.
The ACM will also illuminate the Off indicator of
the switch for about seven seconds each time the
ignition switch is turned to the On position as a bulb
test. The ACM will store a Diagnostic Trouble Code
(DTC) for any fault it detects in the passenger airbag
on/off switch or Off indicator circuits, and will illumi-
nate the airbag indicator in the instrument cluster if
a fault is detected. For proper diagnosis of the pas-
senger airbag on/off switch or the ACM, a DRBIIIt
scan tool is required. Refer to the appropriate diag-
nostic information.
REMOVAL
WARNING: TO AVOID PERSONAL INJURY OR
DEATH, ON VEHICLES EQUIPPED WITH AIRBAGS,
DISABLE THE SUPPLEMENTAL RESTRAINT SYS-
TEM BEFORE ATTEMPTING ANY STEERING
WHEEL, STEERING COLUMN, AIRBAG, SEAT BELT
TENSIONER, IMPACT SENSOR, OR INSTRUMENT
PANEL COMPONENT DIAGNOSIS OR SERVICE.
DISCONNECT AND ISOLATE THE BATTERY NEGA-
TIVE (GROUND) CABLE, THEN WAIT TWO MINUTES
FOR THE SYSTEM CAPACITOR TO DISCHARGE
BEFORE PERFORMING FURTHER DIAGNOSIS OR
SERVICE. THIS IS THE ONLY SURE WAY TO DIS-
ABLE THE SUPPLEMENTAL RESTRAINT SYSTEM.
FAILURE TO TAKE THE PROPER PRECAUTIONS
COULD RESULT IN ACCIDENTAL AIRBAG DEPLOY-
MENT.
(1) Disconnect and isolate the battery negative
cable. Wait two minutes for the system capacitor to
discharge before further service.
(2) Remove the center bezel from the instrument
panel. (Refer to 23 - BODY/INSTRUMENT PANEL/
INSTRUMENT PANEL CENTER BEZEL -
REMOVAL).
(3) From the back of the center bezel, remove the
three screws that secure the passenger airbag on/off
switch and face plate unit to the back of the bezel
(Fig. 40).
(4) Remove the passenger airbag on/off switch and
face plate from the center bezel as a unit.
DRRESTRAINTS 8O - 43
PASSENGER AIRBAG ON/OFF SWITCH (Continued)

INSTALLATION
Threads of new oxygen sensors are factory coated
with anti-seize compound to aid in removal.DO
NOT add any additional anti-seize compound to
threads of a new oxygen sensor.
(1) Install O2S sensor. Tighten to 30 N´m (22 ft.
lbs.) torque.
(2) Connect O2S sensor wire connector.
(3) Lower vehicle.
PTO SWITCH
DESCRIPTION
This Powertrain Control Module (PCM) input is
used only on models equipped with aftermarket
Power Take Off (PTO) units.
OPERATION
The input is used only to tell the PCM (or ECM-
Diesel) that the PTO has been engaged. The PCM (or
ECM) will disable (temporarily shut down) certain
OBD II diagnostic trouble codes when the PTO is
engaged.
JTEC and NGC Engine Controllers:When the
aftermarket PTO switch has been engaged, a 12V +
signal is sent through circuit G113 to PCM pin A13.
The PCM will then sense and determine that the
PTO has been activated.
CM 845 or CM 848 Diesel Engine Controllers:
When the aftermarket PTO switch has been engaged,
a 12V + signal is sent through circuit G113 to ECM
pin B38. The ECM will then sense and determine
that the PTO has been activated.
THROTTLE BODY
DESCRIPTION
The throttle body is located on the intake manifold.
Fuel does not enter the intake manifold through the
throttle body. Fuel is sprayed into the manifold by
the fuel injectors.
OPERATION
Filtered air from the air cleaner enters the intake
manifold through the throttle body. The throttle body
contains an air control passage controlled by an Idle
Air Control (IAC) motor. The air control passage is
used to supply air for idle conditions. A throttle valve
(plate) is used to supply air for above idle conditions.
5.7L V-8 Engine:
The throttle body on the 5.7L engine is an electri-
cally controlled unit. A mechanical cable is not used
to connect the throttle body to the accelerator pedal.
The Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor (APPS) alongwith inputs from other sensors sets the throttle blade
to pre-determined positions.
Except 5.7L V-8 Engine:
Certain sensors are attached to the throttle body.
The accelerator pedal cable, speed control cable and
transmission control cable (when equipped) are con-
nected to the throttle body linkage arm.
A (factory adjusted) set screw is used to mechani-
cally limit the position of the throttle body throttle
plate.Never attempt to adjust the engine idle
speed using this screw.All idle speed functions are
controlled by the PCM.
REMOVAL
3.7L V-6
A (factory adjusted) set screw is used to mechani-
cally limit the position of the throttle body throttle
plate.Never attempt to adjust the engine idle
speed using this screw.All idle speed functions are
controlled by the Powertrain Control Module (PCM).
(1) Remove air cleaner tube at throttle body.
(2) Disconnect throttle body electrical connectors
at IAC motor and TPS.
(3) Remove all control cables from throttle body
(lever) arm. Refer to the Accelerator Pedal and Throt-
tle Cable section for removal/installation procedures.
(4) Disconnect necessary vacuum lines at throttle
body.
(5) Remove 3 throttle body mounting bolts (Fig.
28).
(6) Remove throttle body from intake manifold.
(7) Check condition of old throttle body-to-intake
manifold o-ring (Fig. 29).
4.7L V-8
(1) Remove air duct and air resonator box at throt-
tle body.
(2) Disconnect throttle body electrical connectors
at IAC motor and TPS (Fig. 30).
(3) Remove vacuum line at throttle body.
(4) Remove all control cables from throttle body
(lever) arm. Refer to Accelerator Pedal and Throttle
Cable.
(5) Remove three throttle body mounting bolts
(Fig. 30).
(6) Remove throttle body from intake manifold.
5.7L V-8
CAUTION: Do not use spray (carb) cleaners on any
part of the throttle body. Do not apply silicone lubri-
cants to any part of the throttle body.
(1) Remove air duct and air resonator box at throt-
tle body.
14 - 36 FUEL INJECTION - GASDR
OXYGEN SENSOR (Continued)

PAINT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
page page
PAINT
SPECIFICATIONS - PAINT CODES..........73
PAINT CODE
DESCRIPTION.........................73
BASECOAT/CLEARCOAT FINISH
DESCRIPTION.........................73PAINT TOUCH-UP
DESCRIPTION.........................74
STANDARD PROCEDURE - PAINT TOUCH-UP . 74
FINESSE SANDING/BUFFING & POLISHING
DESCRIPTION.........................74
PAINT
SPECIFICATIONS - PAINT CODES
NOTE: Because of late model changes to the avail-
able paint colors (Refer to VEHICLE DATA/VEHICLE
INFORMATION/VEHICLE CERTIFICATION LABEL -
DESCRIPTION) or (Refer to VEHICLE DATA/VEHI-
CLE INFORMATION/BODY CODE PLATE - DESCRIP-
TION) for the correct paint codes for each vehicle.
(Refer to 23 - BODY/PAINT/PAINT CODE - DESCRIP-
TION)
EXTERIOR COLORS
EXTERIOR COLOR DAIMLERCHRYSLER
CODE
Deep Molten Red
PearlcoatBR8
Flame Red Clearcoat PR4
Light Almond Pearl
Metallic ClearcoatZKJ
Atlantic Blue Pearlcoat ZBJ
Patriot Blue Pearlcoat WBT/WB7
Graphite Metallic
ClearcoatZDR
Bright Silver Metallic
ClearcoatWSB/WS2
Black Clearcoat DX8
Bright White Clearcoat GW7
Timberline Green AGW
INTERIOR COLORS
INTERIOR COLOR DAIMLERCHRYSLER
CODE
Taupe L5
Dark Slate Gray DV
PAINT CODE
DESCRIPTION
Exterior vehicle body colors are identified on the
Vehicle Certification Label (Refer to VEHICLE
DATA/VEHICLE INFORMATION/VEHICLE CERTI-
FICATION LABEL - DESCRIPTION) or the Body
Code Plate (Refer to VEHICLE DATA/VEHICLE
INFORMATION/BODY CODE PLATE - DESCRIP-
TION). The first digit of the paint code listed on the
vehicle indicates the sequence of application, i.e.: P =
primary coat, Q = secondary coat. The color names
provided in the Paint and Trim Code Description
chart are the color names used on most repair prod-
uct containers. (Refer to 23 - BODY/PAINT - SPECI-
FICATIONS)
BASECOAT/CLEARCOAT
FINISH
DESCRIPTION
The original equipment finish is a multi step pro-
cess that involves cleaning, applying electro de-posi-
tion (E-coat), anti-chip primer, basecoat, and
clearcoat steps.
On most vehicles a two-part paint application
(basecoat/clearcoat) is used. Color paint that is
applied to primer is called basecoat. The clear coat
protects the basecoat from ultraviolet light and pro-
vides a durable high-gloss finish.
DRPAINT 23 - 73

CAUTION: Do not use abrasive chemicals or com-
pounds on painted surfaces. Damage to finish can
result.
Do not use harsh alkaline based cleaning solvents
on painted surfaces. Damage to finish or color can
result.
PAINT TOUCH-UP
DESCRIPTION
When a painted metal surface has been scratched
or chipped, it should be touched-up as soon as possi-
ble to avoid corrosion. For best results, use MOPARt
Scratch Filler/Primer, Touch-Up Paints and Clear Top
Coat. (Refer to VEHICLE DATA/VEHICLE INFOR-
MATION/BODY CODE PLATE - DESCRIPTION) for
Body Code Plate information.
WARNING: USE AN OSHA APPROVED RESPIRATOR
AND SAFETY GLASSES WHEN SPRAYING PAINT
OR SOLVENTS IN A CONFINED AREA. PERSONAL
INJURY CAN RESULT.
STANDARD PROCEDURE - PAINT TOUCH-UP
(1) Scrape loose paint and corrosion from inside
scratch or chip.
(2) Clean affected area with MOPARtTar/Road
Oil Remover or equivalent, and allow to dry.
(3) Fill the inside of the scratch or chip with a coat
of filler/primer. Do not overlap primer onto good sur-
face finish. The applicator brush should be wet
enough to puddle-fill the scratch or chip without run-
ning. Do not stroke brush applicator on body surface.
Allow the filler/primer to dry hard.
(4) Cover the filler/primer with color touch-up
paint. Do not overlap touch-up color onto the original
color coat around the scratch or chip. Butt the new
color to the original color, if possible. Do not stroke
applicator brush on body surface. Allow touch-up
paint to dry hard.(5) On vehicles without clearcoat, the touch-up
color can be lightly finesse sanded (1500 grit) and
polished with rubbing compound.
(6) On vehicles with clearcoat, apply clear top coat
to touch-up paint with the same technique as
described in Step 4. Allow clear top coat to dry hard.
If desired, Step 5 can be performed on clear top coat.
WARNING: AVOID PROLONGED SKIN CONTACT
WITH PETROLEUM OR ALCOHOL ± BASED CLEAN-
ING SOLVENTS. PERSONAL INJURY CAN
RESULT.AVOID PROLONGED SKIN CONTACT WITH
PETROLEUM OR ALCOHOL ± BASED CLEANING
SOLVENTS. PERSONAL INJURY CAN RESULT.
FINESSE SANDING/BUFFING &
POLISHING
DESCRIPTION
CAUTION: Do not remove more than .5 mils of
clearcoat finish, if equipped. Basecoat paint must
retain clearcoat for durability.
Use a Paint Thickness Gauge #PR-ETG-2X or equiv-
alent to determine film thickness before and after
the repair.
Minor acid etching, orange peel, or smudging in
clearcoat or single-stage finishes can be reduced with
light finesse sanding, hand buffing, and polishing.If
the finish has been finesse sanded in the past,
it cannot be repeated. Finesse sanding opera-
tion should be performed by a trained automo-
tive paint technician.
23 - 74 PAINTDR
BASECOAT/CLEARCOAT FINISH (Continued)