1997 BMW 528i 200

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Body shell
Exterior and aerodynamics
Crash behavlor -frontal impact
-side impact
Body
-rear impact Structural body components -rigidity
-rollover -strength -vibrations -acoustics
Bumpers compartment lid -bendable Seets,.steerlng system .dents -vibrations bars -vibration patterns
Fenders -aerodvnamic
With its traditional styling features, such as the ltidney grille.
circular headlights behind a glass cover (for reasons of
streamlining), and the
"kiclt" in the rear most roof pillar (C-pil-
lar), the E39 can be immediately recognized as a BMW.
The BMW 5 Series chassis is a unibody design constructed of
high strength steel. Attaching parts, such as the front fenders,
rear quarter panels, doors,
trunk lid and hood are also con-
structed of
steel.
Computer aided design (CAD) techniques have been used in
refining the
E39 body to reduce vehicle weight while retaining
strength and increasing torsional rigidity. For good handling
purposes, the more rigid the structure the more precisely the
suspension can operate.
Wind resistance
Windows bonded flush to the body and the guided flow of
cooling air into the engine compartment provide the
carwith a
good coefficient of drag (Cd).
E39 cars have been designed
for balanced aerodynamics but not necessarily an extremely
low Cd. See table below.
Windshield wipers are designed for effectiveness at speeds
up to and beyond 200
ltph (124 mph).
Coefficient of aerodynamic drag (Cd)
6-cylinder sedan 0.30
V-8 sedan 0.31
6-cylinder Sport Wagon 0.31
V-8 Sport Wagon 0.33
Fenders
The exterior panels are corrosion-resistant zinc coated (gal-
vanized) steel. The front fenders are bolted on. For front fend-
er replacement information, see
410 Fenders, Engine
Hood.

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400-4
I Bodv-General
Bumpers
The front and rear bumpers are clad in high quality
deform-
able plastic and, at solid barrier impact speeds of 4 kph (2.5
mph), provide protection with virtually no damage to the
bumper
orthe vehicle. In addition to hydraulic dampeners.
which absorb the initial impact energy, these bumpers are
backed by compressible tubes. These deform in a controlled
manner at impact speeds greaterthan that
forwhich bumpers
and hydraulic dampeners are designed. This helps avoid ex-
pensive damage to the body at impact speeds up to 14 kph (9
mph).
The E39 Sport Wagon was introduced to the US market in
911 998 (model year 1999). It shares many components with
the E39 sedan and is identical to it from the B-pillar forward.
US
marltet 5 Series Sport Wagons are available in two vari-
ants:
6-cylinder
(5251, 528i) powered by the 2.8 liter M52 TU en-
gine (1 999) or the 2.5 liter M54 engine (2000 and later)
* V-8 (540i) powered by the 4.4 liter M62 TU engine
The wheelbase of the Sport Wagon is the same as the sedan.
Howeverthe body is 30
mm (1.2 in) longer and 10 mm (0.4 in)
higher.
The Sport Wagon rear suspension was redesigned to elimi-
nates the upper rear spring strut mounting on the E39 sedan.
The use of separate coil springs and
shoclc absorbers results
in a flat, wide floor in the cargo area. See
300 Suspension,
Steering and Brakes-General.
The self-leveling air spring suspension system (electronic
height control or EHC) is standard on Sport Wagon V-8 mod-
els and optional on 6-cylinder models.
Sport Wagon cargo capacities are shown below.
Sport Wagon load capacities
Cargo capacity
Rear seat up 909 liters (32.1 cu ft)
Rear seat folded down I809 liters (63.9 cu ft)
Load limit
Cargo compartment
460 Kg (1014 lb)
Roof
I00 Kg (220 lb)

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51 5-6
(Central Locking and Anti-Theft
Each rear door is equipped with the child lock-out lever, pre-
venting the door from being opened from the inside regard-
less of loclc button position.
Starting with models produced afler
911997, the General
Module and electronic immobilizer (EWS) interface via the
K-
Bus to monitor double lock status and to initiate double loclc
override. This feature allows the doors to be opened from the
inside if a key accepted by EWS is switched on in the ignition.
See Single lock and double lock function.
The door loclc buttons are mechanically uncoupled from the
actuators when locked. The remote keyless entry system
(FZV) is standard equipment. This allows for elimination of
the passengers side door
loclt cylinder.
Another function of the locking system is the
sofl close trunk
(SCA) system, where applicable.
Single lock and double lock function
(2000 and later models)
On models produced after
911999, each door lock actuator in-
corporates two motors:
Single lock motor controls the mechanical loclc mechanism
when the central lock switch is pressed to single loclc the
vehicle. The loclc mechanism is fully locked at this point but
can stil. be openeo from
the interor by pulng the appropri-
are interior door nandle lwce or by pressing rhe central
lock switch again. When single
lock'function is activated,
the fuel filler flap actuator is not locked.
Double lock motor, also known as central arrest, is activat-
ed only when the vehicle is locked from the outside at the
driver's door lock with a key or when the GM receives a
lock request from the remote entry (FZV) system. In this
case the double lock motor is activated simultaneously
with the single lock motor. The function of the double loclc
motor is to mechanically offset an internal rod in the loclc
actuator, disabling it from unlocking the vehicle from the in-
terior. This prevents the doors from being unloclted by any
means except from an unlock request at the driver's door
or via the FZV remote key.
Lock cylinder safety
4 The driver's door loclc and the trunk loclc incorporate an over-
running loclc cylinder similar to the ignition lock. If any key
other than the vehicle key, or a tool such as a screwdriver or
dent-puller, is inserted into the cylinder, it will cause the cyl-
inder to freewheel or spin.

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515-9
Central Locking and ~nti-~heftl
FZV keys
4 FZV key button functions:
Bunon 1 press once:
Unlock driver's door
DWA disarmed
/ lnterior lights on
... - 0021~0~~j
Convenience opening
2000
-
'.-,- /- ..,.
Button 2 press
once:
Button
1 press twice:
a Total
unlocking
Button
1 hold:
* Lock
- DWA armed
lnterior lights ON when vehicle is locked
Button
2 press twice within 10 seconds:
Deactivate interior and tilt monitoring
Button 3 press momentarily:
Trunk lid opens
Button
3 press and hold:
Panic mode (alarm)
LED
(4) provides feedback of system operation and battery
condition. LED is eliminated from 2000 and later
lkeys.
LED flashes indicate the following:
One flash indicates that FZV
lock I unlock signal was sent
and batteries are OK.
Quick flashing LED indicates that convenience opening
signal is being sent.
Slow flashing LED indicates that initialization procedure
was successful.
A steady-on LED [after a self test as described in Trans-
mitter self-test (models to
1999)l indicates that hard-
warelsoftware of transminer are OK.
No LED activity could indicate discharged batteries or de-
fective
transmitter.

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1 Central Locking and Anti-Theft
NOJE-
A single unlock request from the driver's door with the FZV
key unlocks the driver's door only.
A second unlock request
unlocls the remaining doors and trunk. This feature can be
modified for individual users with the Key Memory capabil-
ities to activate all lock actuators simultaneously See Car
Memory
/ Key Memory later in this section.
Starting with 2000 models, the battery in the FZV ignition
Icey is recharged by the ignition switch ring antenna while
the ley is in the ignition switch.
Transmitter self-test (models to
1999)
Press buttons 1 and 2 at the same time. This starts ltey trans-
/ mitter self-test. Transmitter is OK when LED glows steadily
te{le"el for that particular key and illuminate an instrument
cluster message.
-- 502515092 J
NO JE-
If batteries are replaced within one minute of removal, it is
not necessary to
periorm initialization.
Tlie state of charge of key batteries has no effect on elec-
tronic immobilizer (EWS) function.
2
Remote key initialization
for one second. If LED fails to illuminate, try replacing ltey~
batteries.
The state of charge of key transmitter batteries is monitored
by the
GM. Once the voltage level of the transmitter drops be-
low
4.5volts, the LED no longersignals transmitteroperation.
Convenience opening, initialization and self-testing are no
lonaer ~ossible. The GM will store a fault indicatina low bat-
NOJE-
In the accompanying illustration, the key is from a 1998 mod-
el. 2000 and later models are equipped with a different look-
ing
/ - Up to four keys can be coded to operate the same system
Initialize all key transmitters at the same time.

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51 5-12
I Central Locking and Anti-Theft
Key battery
9
4 1997 - 1999 models: Two lithium batteries are used to sup-
ply power to key transmitter. When replacement is neces-
sary, remove cover and two fasteners (arrows) from rear of
key to access batteries
NOTE-
If you replace the batteries within one minute, the FZV ley
will not require a new initialization procedure.
2000 and later models: FZV key battery is recharged by ring
antenna while ltey is in ignition switch. There is no need to re-
place ltey battery.
Car Memory 1 Key Memory
A number of features and functions can be customized to the
driver(s) preference. The identity of the vehicle user is provid-
ed by a
s~gnal from the keyless entry system (FZV).
Car Memory and Key Memory are actually two separate func-
tions, although they are marketed as a combined feature.
Car Memory
Pr'or ro new
veh c,e de very, the BMW scan roo (DISp us,
GTI or MOD C) is ~sed lo cooc ine driver preierences nro ine
appropriate control modules. Thereafter these choices can-
not be changed without
recoding with a BMW scan tool.
The functions that can be set using Car Memory include:
Alarm system (DWA) features such as armingldisarming
with
lkeyless entry (FZV), activation of tilt sensor or interior
sensor
lnterior light activation when central
locking is used
Convenience opening of
windows/sunroof
lnterior and external lighting preferences
Heating
I A/C preferences (IHKA)
Seat and mirror preferences (triggered by Key Memory)
Instrument cluster display units (for example: km vs. miles)

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Central Locking and Anii-Theft
- If the starter engages, the following EWS inputs are function-
ing normally:
Ignition key
Code function
Transmission range switch or clutch position switch
Engine speed sensor
NO JE -
If a vehicle key is lost or stolen, the electronic authorization
for that key
can be cancelled using the BMW scan and di-
agnostic tools
DISplus, GTl or MoDiC.
Force applied to a ley can damage the electronic circuitry
in the key A damaged ley will not start the engine. In that
case, a new key should be purchased and initialized
by an
authorized BMW dealer.
EWS variations
EWS variations used in E39 cars are shown in E39 EWS ap-
plications
table below.
E39
EWS applications
I I Ifling antenna (surrounds ignition switch) I
System
designation
EWS
II
I I l~ransmitter I receiver module located in right side steering column cover I
E39 production
dates
SOP
- 311 997
I I IEWS 111 (3.2) control module incorporates transmitter1 receiver moduie functions /
Main components, changes, improvements
Key with EEPROM transponder
Control moduie located behind glove compartment, in electrical component panel
Control module located to left of steering column, under dashboard
K-Bus input
Transmitter
I receiver module eliminated
EWS 111 (3.2)
Transmission range selection input from automatic transmission control module
3
11997 - 911997
- EWS ill (3.3) Clutch
Hall-effect switch (replaces transmission range switch input)
911997 - 2002 EWS 111 (3.3) control
module with iSN code burned in (cannot be overwritten during
alignment)
Control module located to left of steering column, under dashboard

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51 5-26
Central Locking and Anti-Theft
Interior sensor UIS (2000 and later models)
The
UIS system uses ultrasonic sound waves instead of elec-
tromagnetic waves. Ultrasonic sound waves are less suscep-
tible to magnetic interference.
Every time the DWA system is armed, the sensor adapts to
whatever objects might be stationary in the interior. The sen-
sor emits ultrasonic waves in a programmed timed cycle. It re-
ceives echoes of the emitted waves. The
UIS amplifies the
received sound wave signals and compares them to the ech-
oes of the transmitted waves. The
UIS also checits the incom-
ing echoes for background hiss (wind noise through a
partially open window) and adapts for this.
If the echoes are consistently similar, no movement is de-
tected.
If the echoes are altered, (inconsistent), the UIS deter-
mines motion in the interior compartment.
If motion is detected, the
UIS changes to a constant cycle
and the echo is compared again.
If the inconsistency is still present the
UIS sends the acti-
vate siren signal to the GM.
Glass breakage sensors
The doorwindows are monitored by inductive sensors mount-
ed on the inside of the door behind the trim panel. A closed
window is recognized by a magnetic plate
on the glass lining
up with the sensor. If the glass is broken, the plate falls away
and the signal from the sensor changes. This causes the GM
to activate the alarm.
Emergency disarming
- An emergency procedure is provided to cancel the DWA in
the event that a fault occurs within the system. The procedure
is as follows:
Driver's door mechanically
unloclted and open within 30
seconds. This will cause triggering of alarm.
All doors closed.
Ignition switch turned to
KL R (ACCESSORY). LED indica-
tor will come on.
- After 10 minutes, alarm is disarmed