1997 BMW 528i Car engin

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51 5-24
l~entral Locking and Anti-Theft
ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM (DWA)
When the anti-then system (DWA) is armed, the doors, hood,
windows, trunk lid or tailgate are monitored against forcible
entry by switches and sensors. The vehicle is protected
against being jacked up or towed away by a tilt sensor.
The control electronics for DWA are integrated in the General
Module (GM). In addition to the control electronics, the sys-
tem includes the following components.
* DWA horn
DWA LED indicator
- Tilt sensor
- Monitoring switches and sensors
The system can be armed or disarmed from the driver's door
lock,
trunklid lock, tailgate lockorthe remote transmitter (FZV
Itey). When armed, the alarm horn
soundsfor30seconds and
the low beam headlights and turn signals flash for
5 minutes.
The electronic immobilizer (EWS) is also activated when
DWA is activated.
The alarm is switched off immediately if key is inserted in door
loclt or FZV key button is used.
DWA LED Status
The DWA status LED is located in the rear view mirror (ar-
row). When DWA is armed, the LED flashes slowly to indi-
cate armed status.
The LED and exterior lights flash once and the alarm horn
sounds when the system is successfully armed ordisarmed.
The LED will continue to flash slowly denoting the armed sta-
tus. If any monitored input is not closed when the system is
armed, the LED will flash rapidly for
10 seconds to indicate
the fault.
Tilt sensor
-
4 The tilt sensor, located on the left side of trunlt or cargo com- -
partment, consists of a conductive liquid chamber, a proces-
sor board and metal probes. The probes are submersed in
the liquid and produce a resistance value dependent on the
tilt of the sensor (angle of the vehicle). This resistance be-
comes the reference value when the DWA system is armed.
.-

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51 5-25
Central Lockina and ~nti-~heftl
1
Tilt sensor operation:
1. DWA armed, vehicle level. Tilt sensor sends HlGH sig-
nal to General Module (GM).
2. DWA armed, vehicle tilted. The fluid moves in sensor,
changing resistance value.
HlGH signal changes to
LOW signal. GM activates alarm.
If the vehicle is jacked up or lifted in any way, the angle of the
liquid changes, producing a change in the resistance value.
The sensor signals the GM to activate the DWA alarm. The
sensor resets at the new angle.
This allows the DWA system
to remain armed and to reactivate the alarm if tlie vehicle is
moved again
Locking the vehicle twice within a few seconds will deactivate
the tilt alarm sensor while arming tlie remainder of the sys-
tem. This allows the vehicle to be transported in an armed
state without activating tlie alarm.
Interior protection
The interior motion sensor is mounted in the center of the
headliner panel. Due to the design of the vehicle interior, the
sensor must be installed in the correct direction to ensure
proper operation of the system.
lnterior sensor FIS (1997 - 1999 models)
4 When the alarm system is armed, the FIS sensor emits elec-
tromagnetic waves at
a frequency of 2.45 GHz. As long as
nothing is moving in the vehicle, the waves are reflected
baclc
to the sensor at the same frequency. If a foreign object enters
the vehicle, the frequency of the reflected signal changes.
The sensor detects the changed frequency and triggers the
alarm.
Every time the DWA system is armed, the sensor adapts to
whatever objects might be stationary in the interior. This al-
lows pacltages or objects to be left inside tlie car without ef-
fecting the operation of the system. The sensitivity of the
sensor is set so that the moving object must be at least as
large as a bumble bee. This prevents a false alarm from oc-
curring if a small insect is caught in the vehicle.
FIS is switched off when the vehicle is locked two times within
ten seconds. The DWA LED will flash one time for confirma-
tion. This allows the sensor to be switched off to avoid false
alarms when the windows are left open for venting.

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l Seats
Seat repair and component replacement is possible once the
seat has been removed from the vehicle.
Before servicing front seats read safety regulations on han-
dling
airbag modules and pyrotechnic seatbelt tensioners.
See
720 Seat belts and 721 Airbag system (SRS).
WARNING-
. The front seats are equipped with pyrotechnic seat belt
tensioners. These tensioners are powerful devices and
should be handled with exfreme care. Incorrect handling
can trigger off the tensioner and cause injury.
BMW recommends that all repair or replacement
worlc
on pyrotechnic devices must be carried out by a quali-
fied
BMW technician.
Be sure to disconnect the battery and wait
5 seconds
before attempting to work on pyrotechnic devices.
During body straightening and welding with an electric
arc welder, always disconnect the battery and the con-
nection to the pyrotechnic gas generators.
Seat switch and memory module, removing
and installing
- Remove front seat. See Front seats, removing and install-
ing.
- Carefully pull seat adjusting ltnobs straight out to remove.
Remove screw fastener
(A) and trim clips (B), turn side panel
downward to remove.
Disconnect electrical harness connector
(arrow).

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Seats
< Remove front seat rail fasteners (arrows)
- Remove front seat from car. Headrest may be removed to
provide additional clearance.
NOTE-
Use a blanket to protect the door sill from scuffing by seat
rails
during seat removal.
- Installation is reverse of removal. Use wire ties or equivalent
means to keep seat harness wiring from fraying.
Tightening torques
Front seat to floor
42 Nm (31 ft-lb)
Seat belt end to seat frame
48 Nm (35 ft-lb)
E39 models are equipped with at least three different ver-
sions of rear seats. This manual only covers the standard
seat used in sedan models.
Rear seat cushion and backrest, removing
and installing (sedan only)
4 Pull front of rear seat cushion up to release clips. While hold-
ing front of cushion up, pull cushion forward to remove.

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Seats
Remove left and right side bacltrest mounting fasteners (ar-
row).
Pull up on backrest to detach from top retainers. Slide back-
rest to side to clear seat belts while removing.
NOTE-
If the car is equipped with heatedrearseats, detach electrical
harness
connector(s) as you remove the seat components.
4 When reinstalling, be sure to pull seat belts and buckles (ar-
rows) up through appropriate slots in seat cushion.
Headrest, removing and installing
- Slide headrest as far up as possible.
Press guides (arrows)
back and
Installation is reverse of removal pull
upward to remove

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Sunroof, normalization
During normalization the mechanical end positions of sunroof
movement are detected and stored by the General Module
(GM
Ill).
,:..I:,* *:3F$&-T , a,.,-. . 2 *i;.'I . :i_(,*,,_ _* Press and hold sunroof switch in "lift" direction.
Afler reaching end position
(A), keep switch pressed for
approximately
20 seconds longer.
- Normalization is complete when sunroof in lifl position (A)
moves briefly in direction of (6).
E39 models up to 311 998
- The characteristic curve for E39 models built up to 311998 is
learned automatically during operation. After normalization,
open and close sunroof once by pressing switch.
NOTE-
In the event of a faulty triggering of the anti-trap protection in
a specific position, the fault can be rectified
by moving over
the relevant position several times.
E39 models from 311 998
- Characteristic curve is learned manually in the following
steps:
Release switch after normalization for maximum of
5 sec-
onds.
Then hold down switch in sunroof raising position until sun-
roof has returned to closed position after a complete open-
ing operation.
Characteristic curve learning is complete, release sunroof
switch.
NOTE-
Carry out function check (tip function, anti-trap protection
and, if necessary, comfort function).

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-.
Sunroof
Sunroof panel, emergency closing
4 Using a plastic tool carefully pry interior light out of headliner.
4 Remove access panel from below sunroof motor by inserting
fingers through light opening and pressing down.
4 Disconnect electrical connections (arrow) and lay switch
panel aside.
4 Insert hex ltey into drive in sunroof motor (arrow), and turn
hex ltey to manually close sunroof.
NOTE-
The hex ley for manually (emergency) closing the sunroof
can be found in the tool
Itit located in the trunk lid (sedan
models) or under the cargo area floor panel (Sport Wagon).

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Sunroof, adjusting
The sunroof is controlled by a set of cables that move the sun-
roof panel along guide rails when the motor is operated. The
sunroof can be adjusted without removing it from the car.
NOTE-
Be sure to check drains in front corners of sunroof carrier if
water is entering car through headliner.
- The sunroof panel should be adjusted under the following cir-
cumstances:
Sunroof misaligned with roof.
Sunroof does not close squarely.
* Wind noise at high speeds (sunroof closed).
Sunroof has been removed.
For correct sunroof alignment:
Sunroof must be fully closed.
Gap must be even all around edge of sunroof.
Front of sunroof must be flush to
1 mm (0.04 in.) below sur-
face of roof.
. Rear of sunroof must be flush to 1 mm (0.04) above sur-
face of roof.
NOTE-
Use a credit card to measure the gap. The card sllould insert
through the gap with equal resistance all around the perimeter.
Sunroof with steel roof panel, adjusting
- The headliner panel must be disengaged from the drive as-
sembly and moved rearward in order to access the roof panel
attaching screws.
CAUTIOI\C
Sunroof panel must never be moved to open position when . .
I the headliner is disenaaaed. 1
- Start with a fully closed roof panel.
- Remove drive motor access cover. See Sunroof motor, re-
placing.
Using hex key from tool kit, turn motor drive 90" counter-
clockwise.
Rear of sunroof panel will drop
2 to 3 mm (0.08 to 0.12 in).
This disengages headliner from sunroof panel.
- Push headliner panel rearward, exposing roof panel attach-
ing screws.