1996 LAND ROVER DEFENDER parking brake

INTRODUCTION
5
INFORMATION JACKING
The following instructions must be carried out before
raising the vehicle off the ground.
1.Use a solid level ground surface.
2.Apply parking brake.
3.Select 1st gear in main gearbox.
4.Select Low range in transfer gearbox.
CAUTION: To avoid damage occurring to
the under body components of the vehicle
the following jacking procedures must be
adhered to.
DO NOT POSITION JACKS OR AXLE STANDS
UNDER THE FOLLOWING COMPONENTS.
Body structure
Bumpers
Fuel lines
Brake lines
Front radius arms
Panhard rod
Steering linkage
Rear Trailing links
Fuel tank
Engine sump
Gearbox bell housing
Jack or support vehicle by axles only.
Vehicle jack
The jack provided with the vehicle is only intended to
be used in an emergency, for changing a tyre. Do
NOTuse the jack for any other purpose. Refer to
Owner's Manual for vehicle jack location points and
procedure. Never work under a vehicle supported by
the vehicle jack.
Hydraulic jack
A hydraulic jack with a minimum 1500 kg, 3,300 lbs
load capacity must be used, see J6083.
CAUTION: Do not commence work on the
underside of the vehicle until suitable axle
stands have been positioned under the
axle, see J6084.
Raise the front of the vehicle
1.Position cup of hydraulic arm under differential
casing.
NOTE: The differential casing is not
central to the axle. Care should be taken
when raising the front road wheels off the
ground as the rear axle has less sway stiffness.
2.Raise front road wheels to enable an axle stand
to be installed under left hand axle tube.

INTRODUCTION
7
INFORMATION TOWING
CAUTION: The vehicle has permanent
four-wheel drive. The following towing
instructions must be adhered to:
Towing the vehicle on all four wheels with driver
operating steering and brakes.
1.Turn ignition key to position '1' to release
steering lock.
2.Select neutral in main gearbox and transfer
gearbox.
3.Secure tow rope, chain or cable to front towing
eyes (alternative types shown).
4.Release the parking brake.
CAUTION: The brake servo and power
assisted steering system will not be
functional without the engine running.
Greater pedal pressure will be required to apply
the brakes, the steering system will require
greater effort to turn the front road wheels.
The vehicle tow connection should be used only
in normal road conditions, 'snatch' recovery
should be avoided.Rear suspended tow by breakdown vehicle
1.If the front axle is to be trailed turn ignition key to
position '1' to release steering lock.
2.Select neutral in main gearbox and transfer box.
CAUTION: The steering wheel and/or
linkage must be secured in a straight
ahead position. DO NOT use the steering
lock mechanism for this purpose.
TRANSPORTING THE VEHICLE BY TRAILER
Lashing/towing eyes are provided on front and rear of
the chassis side members, see J6085, to facilitate the
securing of the vehicle to a trailer or other means of
transportation.
CAUTION: Underbody components must
not be used as lashing points.
Install vehicle on trailer and apply park brake. Select
neutral in main gearbox.

01INTRODUCTION
8
INFORMATION JUMP STARTING
WARNING: Hydrogen and oxygen gases
are produced during normal battery
operation. This gas mixture can explode if
flames, sparks or lighted tobacco are brought
near battery. When charging or using a battery in
an enclosed space, always provide ventilation and
shield your eyes.
Keep out of reach of children. Batteries contain
sulphuric acid. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, or
clothing. Also, shield eyes when working near
battery to protect against possible splashing of
acid solution. In case of acid contact with skin,
eyes, or clothing, flush immediately with water for
a minimum of fifteen minutes. If acid is swallowed,
drink large quantities of milk or water, followed by
milk of magnesia, a beaten egg, or vegetable oil.
SEEK MEDICAL AID IMMEDIATELY.
To Jump Start - Negative Ground Battery
WARNING: To avoid any possibility of
injury use particular care when connecting
a booster battery to a discharged battery.
1.Position vehicles so that jump leads will reach,
ensuring that vehiclesDO NOT TOUCH,
alternatively a fully charged slave battery may be
positioned on floor adjacent to vehicle.
2.Ensuring that ignition and all electrical
accessories are switched off, that parking brake
is applied and neutral is selected, connect the
jump leads as follows;
A.Connect one end of first jumper cable to positive
(+) terminal of booster battery.
B.Connect other end of first jumper cable to positive
(+) terminal of discharged battery.
C.Connect one end of second jumper cable to
negative terminal of booster battery.
D.Connect other end of second jumper cable to a
good earth point on the disabled vehicle (eg. engine
front lifting eye, as shown in J6086),NOT TO
NEGATIVE TERMINAL OF DISCHARGED
BATTERY.Keep jumper lead away from moving
parts, pulleys, drive belts and fan blade assembly.
WARNING: Making final cable connection
could cause an electrical arc which if
made near battery could cause an
explosion.
3.If booster battery is installed in another vehicle,
start engine and allow to idle.
4.Start engine of vehicle with discharged battery,
following starting procedure in Owners' Manual.
CAUTION: If vehicle fails to start within a
maximum time of 12 seconds, switch
ignition off and investigate cause. Failing
to follow this instruction could result in
irrepairable damage to catalyst, if fitted.
5.Remove negative (-) jumper cable from the
engine and then terminal of booster battery.
6.Remove positive (+) jumper cable from positive
terminals of booster battery and discharged
battery.

04GENERAL SPECIFICATION DATA
6
INFORMATION SHOCK ABSORBERS
Type Telescopic, double-acting non-adjustable.................................................................................
Bore diameter 35.47mm...................................................................
BRAKES
Front service brake
Caliper AP Lockheed, four opposed pistons..............................................................................
Operation Hydraulic, self adjusting.........................................................................
Disc 90 - Solid, outboard, 110/130 - Ventilated, outboard..................................................................................
Disc diameter 298 mm (11.73 in)...................................................................
Disc thickness 90 - 14,1 mm (0.56in), 110/130 - 24mm (0.95 in)..................................................................
Wear limit 1 mm (0.04in) per side of disc.........................................................................
Disc run-out maximum 0,15mm (0.006 in).....................................................
Pad area 58 cm
2(9.0 in2) ..........................................................................
Total swept area 801,3 cm2(124.2 in2) ...............................................................
Pad material Ferodo 3440 non asbestos.....................................................................
Pad minimum thickness 3 mm (0.12in)...................................................
Rear service brake
Caliper AP Lockheed opposed piston..............................................................................
Operation Hydraulic, self adjusting.........................................................................
Disc Solid, outboard..................................................................................
Disc diameter 90 - 290 mm (11.42 in), 110/130 - 298 mm (11.73)...................................................................
Disc thickness 90 - 12,5 mm (0.49 in), 110/130 - 14,1 mm (0.56 in)..................................................................
Wear limit 90 - 0,38 mm (0.015 in), 110/130 - 1,0 mm (0.04 in).........................................................................
per side of disc
Disc run-out maximum 0,15 mm (0.006 in).....................................................
Pad area 90 - 30,5 cm
2(4.37 in2), 110/130 - 36,2 cm2(5.61 in2) ..........................................................................
Total swept area 90 - 694 cm2(106.98 in2) ...............................................................
Pad material Ferodo 3440 non asbestos.....................................................................
Pad minimum thickness 3 mm (0.12 in)...................................................
Parking brake
Type Mechanical, cable operated drum brake on the rear of.................................................................................
the transfer gearbox output shaft
Drum internal diameter 254 mm (10.0 in).....................................................
Width 70 mm (2.75 in)................................................................................
Pad material Ferodo 3611 non asbestos.....................................................................
Servo/master cylinder
Manufacturer Lucas....................................................................
Servo type LSC 80........................................................................
Master cylinder type 25,4 mm (1.0 in) diameter, tandem.........................................................
Pressure reducing valve, failure conscious Cut-in pressure, 90 - 24 bar (360 Ibf/in
2) ratio 4.0:1, ......................
110 - 43 bar (645 Ibf/in2) ratio 2.9:1*
NOTE: * Pressure reducing valves are not fitted to all 110 specifications.

GENERAL FITTING REMINDERS
1
INFORMATION GENERAL FITTING REMINDERS
WORKSHOP SAFETY IS YOUR RESPONSIBILITY!
The suggestions, cautions and warnings in the
section are intended to serve as reminders for
trained and experienced mechanics. This manual
is not a definitive guide to automotive mechanics
or workshop safety.
Shop equipment, shop environment, and the use
and disposal of solvents, fluids, and chemicals
are subject to government regulations which are
intended to provide a level of safety. It is your
responsibility to know and comply with such
regulations.
PRECAUTIONS AGAINST DAMAGE
1.Always fit covers to protect fenders before
commencing work in engine compartment.
2.Cover seats and carpets, wear clean overalls
and wash hands or wear gloves before working
inside vehicle.
3.Avoid spilling hydraulic fluid or battery acid on
paint work. Wash off with water immediately if
this occurs. Use Polythene sheets to protect
carpets and seats.
4.Always use a recommended Service Tool where
specified.
5.Protect temporarily exposed screw threads by
replacing nuts or fitting plastic caps.SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
1.Whenever possible, use a lift when working
beneath vehicle, in preference to jacking. Chock
wheels as well as applying parking brake.
WARNING: Do not use a pit when
removing fuel system components.
2.Never rely on a jack alone to support vehicle.
Use axle stands carefully placed at jacking
points to provide rigid support.
3.Ensure that a suitable form of fire extinguisher is
conveniently located.
4.Check that any lifting equipment used has
adequate capacity and is fully serviceable.
5.Disconnect battery.
WARNING: Do not disconnect any pipes in
air conditioning system, unless trained
and instructed to do so. A refrigerant is
used which can cause blindness if allowed to
contact eyes.
6.Ensure that adequate ventilation is provided
when volatile degreasing agents are being used.
7.Do not apply heat in an attempt to free stiff
fixings; as well as causing damage to protective
coatings, there is a risk of damage to electronic
equipment and brake linings from stray heat.

BRAKES
1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION DESCRIPTION
The mechanical components of the hydraulic braking
system consists of four piston caliper disc brakes at
the front and two piston caliper disc brakes at the rear.
Vented front brake discs are fitted as standard on
110/130 models, while 90 models have solid discs.
However, on 90 models with a heavy duty chassis,
vented front discs may also be fitted.A cable controlled parking brake operates a single
drum brake mounted on the output shaft of the
transfer gearbox and is completely independent of the
main braking system.
The basic hydraulic system involves 2 separate and
independent primary and secondary circuits which
permits a degree of braking should a fault occur in
one of the circuits. The primary circuit operates the
rear brake calipers and the secondary circuit the front
brake calipers.
Master cylinder components
1.Secondary plunger
2.Secondary spring
3.Recuperation seal4.Primary spring
5.Recuperation seal
6.Primary plunger

74WHEELS AND TYRES
6
REPAIRREV: 05/99 WHEELS
Remove
WARNING: The parking brake acts on
transmission, not rear wheels, and may
not hold vehicle when jacking unless
following procedure is used. If one front wheel
and one rear wheel is raised no vehicle holding or
braking effect is possible. Wheels MUST be
chocked in all circumstances.
Apply parking brake, select a gear in main
gearbox and engage low gear in transfer box.
1.Loosen 5 wheel nuts.
2.Using a suitable trolley jack, raise vehicle and
place on axle stands
See INTRODUCTION,
Information, Jacking
.
3.Remove wheel nuts and carefully withdraw
wheel over studs.
Refit
4.Ensure that retaining studs and nuts are clean.
5.Alloy wheels: Lightly coat wheel mounting spigot
face with a suitable anti-seize compound to
minimise possibility of adhesion between wheel
and spigot face.
6.Refit wheel taking care not to damage stud
threads. (Do not apply oil).
7.Fit wheel nuts and turn by hand for at least three
full threads before using any form of wheel
wrench.
8.Tighten nuts as much as possible using a
suitable wrench.
9.Lower vehicle and finally tighten nuts to correct
torque sequence shown.
Alloy wheels -
130 Nm (96 lbf/ft)
Steel wheels -100 Nm (80 lbf/ft)
Heavy duty wheels -170 Nm (125 lbf/ft)