1995 LAND ROVER DISCOVERY wheels and tyres

STEERING
5
FAULT DIAGNOSIS Symptom :-
Steering excessively light/sensitive. Excessive
freeplay at steering wheel.
1.Are steering box adjustments correct?
NO -
See Adjustment, Power Steering Box
WARNING: Adjustments of steering box
should not be required while in warranty
period. If box is within warranty, it must be
returned to manufacturer. No attempt must be
made to introduce backlash.
YES - Suspect worn panhard rod or radius arm
bushes Check condition of ball joints and
the lower steering column shaft universal
joints for wear.
See Repair, Lower
Steering Shaft and Universal Joints
Symptom :-
Steering vibration, road wheel shimmy - wobble.
Vibration through the steering linkage powerful
enough to induce high frequency oscillation of the
steering wheel, is generally caused by out of balance
road wheels. However there are a number of other
possible causes of this symptom which if severe, may
be described as shimmy or wobble. Regardless of the
terminology used by the owner/driver to describe the
symptoms, the following diagnostic checks should be
carried out in the order presented.
1.Check the tyres and balance of the road wheels.
See GENERAL SPECIFICATION DATA,
Information, Wheels and Tyres See
WHEELS AND TYRES, Fault diagnosis, Fault
- Symptoms See WHEELS AND TYRES,
Repair, Wheel Balancing
2.Check the steering hydraulic damper function.
See Steering Damper
3.Check steering column universal joints for wear
and correct alignment.
See Repair, Lower
Steering Shaft and Universal Joints
4.Check steering linkage ball joints for wear,
correct alignment and security, including steering
box and tie rod.
See Steering Linkage Inspect
5.Check all front suspension rubbers for wear.
Check all fixing torques, including radius arm
bushes, panhard rod and anti-roll [sway] bar.
See FRONT SUSPENSION, Repair, Panhard
Rod See FRONT SUSPENSION, Repair,
Radius Arm See FRONT SUSPENSION,
Repair, Anti-Roll[Sway] Bar Assembly See
FRONT SUSPENSION, Repair, Front Shock
Absorber
6.Fit new radius arm bushes using NTC 6860. Fit
harmonic damper if vehicle has air suspension.
Fit new nuts, bolts and washers.
7. Coil spring vehicles only- If problem persists
fit damper kit STC 241 (2 off front) and STC
1474 (2 off rear). Road test vehicle.
8.Check the power steering box adjustments and
operation.
See Overhaul, Power Steering Box
9.Check the hub bearing end floats and determine
the condition of the hub bearings. As applicable.
See FRONT AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE, Repair,
Front Hub Assembly
10.Check the resistance and condition of the
swivels.
See FRONT AXLE AND FINAL
DRIVE, Description and operation,
Description
If problem is not diagnosed: Repeat
checks starting at 1.
11.Carry out a full steering geometry check.
See
INTRODUCTION, Information, Steering

70BRAKES
10
REPAIR FRONT BRAKE PADS
Service repair no - 70.40.02
Service tool:
LRT.70-500 - Piston clamp
Remove
1.Remove front road wheels.
See WHEELS AND
TYRES, Repair, Wheels
2.Clean exterior of calipers.
3.Remove split [cotter] pin from retaining pins.
4.Remove pad retaining pins and anti-rattle
springs.
5.Remove brake pads.
6.Clean exposed parts of pistons, using new brake
fluid. Wipe away excess with a lint free cloth.
7.Using piston clamp LRT-70-500 press each
piston back into its bore. Ensure that displaced
brake fluid does not overflow from reservoir.
Refit
8.Fit brake pads.
9.Fit pad retaining pins and anti-rattle springs.
Secure with new split [cotter] pin.
10.Apply service brake pedal several times to locate
pads.
11.Check fluid reservoir. Top up if necessary, using
correct grade of fluid.
See LUBRICANTS,
FLUIDS AND CAPACITIES, Information,
Recommended Lubricants and Fluids

BRAKES
11
REPAIR REAR BRAKE PADS
Service repair no - 70.40.03
Service tool:
LRT-70-500 - Piston clamp
Remove
1.Remove rear road wheels.
See WHEELS AND
TYRES, Repair, Wheels
2.Disconnect battery negative lead.
3.Clean exterior of calipers.
4.Remove pad retaining pins and springs.
5.Remove brake pads.
6.Clean exposed parts of pistons, using new brake
fluid. Wipe away excess with a lint free cloth.
7.Using piston clamp LRT-70-500 press each
piston back into its bore. Ensure that displaced
brake fluid does not overflow from reservoir.Refit
8.Insert brake pads.
9.Position pad retaining springs, fit new pins and
spread ends.
10.Apply service brake pedal several times to locate
pads.
11.Check fluid reservoir, top up if necessary, using
correct grade of fluid.
See LUBRICANTS,
FLUIDS AND CAPACITIES, Information,
Recommended Lubricants and Fluids

WHEELS AND TYRES
1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION TYPES OF WHEEL RIMS AND TYRES
Description
Dependent on specification, the vehicle is equipped
with alloy or pressed steel wheel rims, both using
tubeless radial ply tyres.
Tyre codes
The writing, codes and numbers moulded into the tyre
wall vary between tyre manufacturers, however most
tyres are marked with the information shown in the
illustrated example.
NOTE: The illustration is an example of the
type of markings moulded into tyres and is
for guidance only. For specific tyre
specifications.
See GENERAL SPECIFICATION
DATA, Information, Wheels and Tyres
1.Type of tyre construction -Radial Ply
2.Load index -104
3.Speed symbol -SorT
4.USA Tyre quality grading -Tread wear 160
Traction A temperature B
5.Tread wear indicators moulded into tread pattern
are located at intervals around the tyre and
marked by a code -E66 103S6
6.Tyres with 'Mud Snow' type tread pattern are
marked -M&S
7.Tyre reinforcing mark -Reinforced
8.USA Load and pressure specification -
900Kg(1984LBS) at 340KA (50PSI) MACS
PRESS
9.Tyre size -205 16 ot 235/70 R16
10.Type of tyre -TUBELESS
11.Country of manufacture -MADE IN GREAT
BRITAIN
12.USA Compliance symbol and identification -
DOT AB7C DOFF 267
13.European type approval identification -E11
01234
14.Tyre construction -SIDE WALL 2 PLIES
RAYON. TREAD 2 RAYON 2 STEEL
15.Manufacturer's brand name/type -TRACTION
PLUS mzx M

WHEELS AND TYRES
1
FAULT DIAGNOSIS TYRE WEAR CHART
FAULT CAUSE REMEDY
Rapid wear at Tyres under-inflated Inflate to correct pressure
shoulders Worn suspension components Replace worn components
i.e. ball joints, panhard
rod bushes,steering damper
Excessive cornering speeds
Rapid wear at
centreTyres over-inflated Inflate to correct pressure
of tread
Wear at one
shoulderTrack out of adjustment Adjust track to correct figure
Bent panhard rod Check and replace worn or damaged
components
Bald spots or tyre Wheel out of balance Balance wheel and tyre
cupping assembly
Excessive radial runout Check runout and replace tyre
if necessary
Shock absorber worn Replace shock
Excessive braking
Tyre scalloped Track out of adjustment Adjust toe to correct figure
Worn suspension components Replace as necessary
Excessive cornering speeds
CAUTION: This diagnosis chart is for general guidance only and does not necessarily include
every cause of abnormal tyre wear.

74WHEELS AND TYRES
2
FAULT DIAGNOSIS FAULT - SYMPTOMS
Vibration through steering wheel
1.Check tyre pressures.
See Repair, Tyre
Pressures
2.Check condition of tyres.See Tyre Wear Chart
3.Check front wheel alignment.See STEERING,
Adjustment, Front Wheel Alignment
4.Check wheel balance.See Repair, Wheel
Balancing
NOTE: In the event that any apparent
vibration is not eliminated at this stage.
See PROPELLER SHAFTS, Fault
diagnosis, Vibration Harshness
NOTE: In the event that any apparent
vibration is not eliminated at this stage, go
to steering Fault Diagnosis, Fault -
Symptom (Steering vibration, road wheel
shimmy/wobble).
See STEERING, Fault diagnosis,
Steering Faults
NOTE: Radial ply tyres have a flexible
sidewall, which produces a sidewall bulge
making the tyre appear under-inflated.
This is a normal condition for radial ply tyres. Do
not attempt to reduce this bulge by over-inflating
the tyre.
1. Correct inflation.
2. Under-inflation.
3. Over-inflation.
4. Tread contact with road.

WHEELS AND TYRES
1
REPAIR GENERAL INFORMATION
WARNING: This is a multi- purpose vehicle
with wheels and tyres designed for both
on and off road usage. Only use wheels
and tyres specified for use on the vehicle.
The vehicle is equipped with tubeless 'S','T' or 'H'
rated radial ply tyres as standard equipment. The
tyres are of European metric size and must not be
confused with the "P" size metric tyres available in
North America.
Vehicle wheel sets, including spare wheel, must be
fitted with the same make and type of tyre to the
correct specification and tread pattern. Under no
circumstances must cross-ply or bias-belted tyres be
used.
For tyre specification and pressures.
See GENERAL
SPECIFICATION DATA, Information, Wheels and
Tyres
Alloy Wheels
Tubeless tyres are mounted on 7.0 inch wide by 16
inch diameter cast aluminium alloy wheels.The
surface has a paint finish covered with a clear
polyurethane lacquer. Care must be taken when
handling the wheel to avoid scratching or chipping the
finish.
The alloy wheel rim is of the asymmetric hump
type incorporating a safety hump to improve
location of the tyre bead in its seat. If difficulty is
experienced in fitting tyres to this type of rim.
See
Tyre Fitting
WARNING: Do not fit an inner tube to an
alloy wheel.
Steel wheels
Tubeless tyres are mounted on 7.0 inch wide by 16
inch diameter steel wheels.TYRE INSPECTION
Inspect tyres at weekly intervals to obtain maximum
tyre life and performance and to ensure compliance
with legal requirements. Check for signs of incorrect
inflation and uneven wear, which may indicate a need
for balancing or front wheel alignment.
See Fault
diagnosis, Tyre Wear Chart
if the tyres have
abnormal or uneven wear patterns.
Check tyres at least weekly for cuts, abrasions, bulges
and for objects embedded in the tread. More frequent
inspections are recommended when the vehicle is
regularly used in off road conditions.
To assist tyre inspection, tread wear indicators are
moulded into the bottom of the tread grooves, as
shown in the illustration below.
When the tread has worn to a remaining depth of 1.6
mm the indicators appear at the surface as bars which
connect the tread pattern across the width of the tread
as shown in the illustration below.

74WHEELS AND TYRES
2
REPAIR When the indicators appear in two or more adjacent
grooves, at three locations around the tyre, a new tyre
must be fitted.
NOTE: Do not attempt to interchange
tyres, e.g. from front to rear, as tyre wear
produces characteristic patterns
depending on their position. If tyre position is
changed after wear has occured, the performance
of the tyre will be adversely affected.
NOTE: Territorial vehicle regulations
governing tyre wear MUST be adhered to.
WHEELS INSPECTION
Regularly check the condition of the wheels. Replace
any wheel that is bent, cracked, dented or has
excessive runout.
VALVES INSPECTION
Check condition of inflation valve. Replace any valve
that is worn, cracked, loose, or leaking air.TYRE PRESSURES
Maximum tyre life and performance will be
obtained only if tyres are maintained at the correct
pressures.
Tyre pressures must be checked at least once a
month and at least once a week, preferably daily, if
the vehicle is used off road.
The tyre inflation pressure is calculated to give the
vehicle satisfactory ride and steering characteristics
without compromising tyre tread life. For
recommended tyre pressures in all conditions.
See
GENERAL SPECIFICATION DATA, Information,
Wheels and Tyres
American vehicles - A label attached to the inside
edge of the driver's door also provides tyre pressure
information.
Always check tyre inflation pressures using an
accurate gauge and inflate tyres to the
recommended pressures only.
Check and adjust tyre pressuresONLYwhen the
tyres are cold, vehicle parked for three hours or more,
or driven for less than 3.2 km (2 miles) at speeds
below 64 km/h (40 mph). Do not reduce inflation
pressures if the tyres are hot or the vehicle has been
driven for more than 3.2 km (2 miles) at speeds over
64 km/h (40 mph), as pressures can increase by 0.41
bars (6 p.s.i) over cold inflation pressures.
CheckALLtyre pressures including the spare. Refit
the valve caps as they form a positive seal and keep
dust out of the valve.