1995 LAND ROVER DISCOVERY compression ratio

05ENGINE TUNING DATA
6
INFORMATION ENGINE - Mpi - 2.0 LITRE
Type/Capacity 20 T4/1994 cm
3..................................................................
Firing order 1-3-4-2.......................................................................
Compression ration 10 : 1..........................................................
Idle speed:
Controlled by ECM 875±50 rev/min ...........................................................
Exhaust gas Co content:
- Catalyst 0.5% Max. Not adjustable..................................................................
- Non Catalyst 1,0±25% adjustable using Testbook .........................................................
Ignition
Knock sensor ADU 8229...................................................................
Crankshaft sensor ADU 7340............................................................
Ignition Coils
Type NEC 10049.................................................................................
Primary resistance at 20°C 0.4 to 0.61 ohm..............................................
Consumption - engine idling 0.25 to 0.75 amp.............................................
Spark Plugs
Type/Gap GSP 6662 -0,85 mm.........................................................................
Multipoint Fuel Injection
Type Indirect multipoint injection with engine control module.................................................................................
using speed/density method of air flow measurement.
Fuel pressure regulator MKW 10011....................................................
Fuel pump delivery pressure 2.3 - 2.5 bar............................................
Throttle potentiometer voltage
- Throttle closed 0 - 1 Volt......................................................
- Throttle open 4 - 5 Volts.........................................................
MEMS engine control module MKC 10121..........................................
95 RON minimum -UNLEADEDfuel
CAUTION: Do not use LEADED fuel as it will
damage the catalyst. Serious damage to the
engine may occur if a lower octane number fuel
than that recommended is used.

09LUBRICANTS, FLUIDS AND CAPACITIES
6
INFORMATION RECOMMENDED FUEL
Petrol engines
- with catalytic converter unleaded only, 95 RON (USA 90 CLC or AKI)................................................
- non catalytic, 9.35:1 compression ratio leaded 97 RON/unleaded 95 RON.......................
- non catalytic, 8.13:1 compression ratio leaded 90 RON/unleaded 95 RON.......................
- Australia minimum 91 RON unleaded......................................................................
Diesel engines
300Tdi Diesel fuel oil,distillate,diesel fuel, automotive gas or...........................................................................
Derv to British standard 2869, Class A1 or A2
Using fuel with an octane rating lower than stated above could seriously impair vehicle performance.
CAUTION: Do not use oxygenated fuels such as blends of methanol/ gasoline or ethanol/gasoline
(e.g. 'Gasohol'). Take care not to spill fuel during refuelling.

12ENGINE
4
FAULT DIAGNOSIS 3.Are fuel supply, tank, pump, ventilation and
emission control systems in correct working
order or the fuel contaminated?
NO -
See FUEL SYSTEM, Repair, Fuel
Filter See FUEL SYSTEM, Repair,
Fuel Tank See FUEL SYSTEM, Repair,
Fuel Pump and Sender Unit
YES - Suspect valves held open by hydraulic
tappets due to high oil pressure.
See
Engine Oil Pressure Test
4.Is oil pressure high?
YES - Remove oil filter and cooler adaptor and
check pressure relief valve strainer gauze
for blockage and that the relief valve is
not stuck closed.
See Description and
operation, Description
NO - Carry out cylinder compression tests to
determine condition of head gaskets and
valves.
See Cylinder Compression -
Test
5.Are cylinder compressions satisfactory?
NO -
See Repair, Cylinder Heads - Renew
YES - Check brake vacuum connections.See
BRAKES, Description and operation,
Brake Servo Unit
Check heater/ventilation unit vacuum connections.
See HEATING AND VENTILATION, Description and
operation, Heating and Ventilation Unit
If problem is not diagnosed: Continue.
6.Are the brakes binding?
YES - Investigate cause of binding.
NO - Continue.
7.Automatic Transmission only. Is the Torque
Converter and Transmission operating correctly?
Carry out Road test, Static tests and Stall tests
to determine condition of Automatic
transmission.
If problem is not diagnosed: repeat tests starting at 1.Engine backfires into exhaust system
1.Are there any leaking joints/connections or holes
in the exhaust system?
YES -
See MANIFOLD AND EXHAUST
SYSTEM, Repair, Exhaust System
Complete
NO - Continue.
2.Is distributor fitted correctly, HT leads in correct
firing order and routed correctly?
NO -
See ELECTRICAL, Repair, Distributor
- V8i
YES - Continue.
3.Is air fuel ratio correct?
NO - Check multiport fuel injection.
See
Electrical Trouble Shooting Manual.
Check brake vacuum connections.See
BRAKES, Description and operation, Brake
Servo Unit
Check heater/ventilation unit vacuum
connections.
See HEATING AND
VENTILATION, Description and operation,
Heating and Ventilation Unit
Check the crank case and fuel tank ventilation
system.
See EMISSION CONTROL,
Description and operation, Emission Control
YES - Continue.
4.Are cylinder compressions satisfactory?
NO - Carry out compression test to check for
leaking gaskets valves etc.
See
Cylinder Compression - Test
See Repair, Cylinder Heads - Renew
If problem is not diagnosed: repeat tests starting
at 1.

V8i
5
FAULT DIAGNOSIS Engine backfires into inlet system
1.Is the Distributor, HT connections and routing
correct?
NO -
See ELECTRICAL, Repair, Distributor
- V8i
YES - Continue.
2.Is air fuel ratio correct?
NO - Check multiport fuel injection.
See
Electrical Trouble Shooting Manual.
Check brake vacuum connections.See
BRAKES, Description and operation, Brake
Servo Unit
Check heater/ventilation unit vacuum
connections.
See HEATING AND
VENTILATION, Description and operation,
Heating and Ventilation Unit
Check the crank case and fuel tank ventilation
system.
See EMISSION CONTROL,
Description and operation, Emission Control
YES - Continue.
3.Are cylinder compressions satisfactory?
NO - Carry out compression test to check for
leaking gaskets valves etc.
See
Cylinder Compression - Test
For repairSee Repair, Cylinder Heads -
Renew
If problem is not diagnosed: repeat tests starting
at 1.

12ENGINE
12
REPAIR
12.Ensure service tools LRT-12-010 and
LRT-12-091 are scrupulously clean. Coat seal
guide and oil seal journal with clean engine oil.
CAUTION: Do not handle oilseal lip, check
it is not damaged. Ensure outside diameter
remains clean and dry.
13.Position oil seal guide LRT-12-010 on crankshaft
flange.
NOTE: Lubricant coating must cover seal
guide outer surface completely to ensure
that oil seal lip is not turned back during
assembly. Position oil seal, lipped side towards
engine, on seal guide. Seal outside diameter
MUST be clean and dry.
14.Fit oil seal using tool LRT-12-091. Remove seal
guide.
15.Tighten rear main bearing cap to
90 Nm.
16.Fit sump.
17.Fit flywheel or flexible drive plate and ring gear.ENGINE
Service repair no - 12.41.01
Remove
1.Park vehicle on level ground and apply park
brake.
2.De-pressurise fuel system.
See FUEL
SYSTEM, Repair, Depressurising Fuel
System
3.Remove bonnet [hood].See CHASSIS AND
BODY, Repair, Bonnet [Hood]
4.Remove battery.See ELECTRICAL, Repair,
Battery
5.Remove radiator/oil coolers.See COOLING
SYSTEM, Repair, Radiator/Oil Coolers
6.Place an absorbent cloth around fuel feed hose
at fuel rail and release compression nut.
Remove feed hose from rail, seal end of pipes
with masking tape to prevent ingress of dirt.
7.Release fuel return hose clamp and remove
hose from pressure regulator, seal both
openings with masking tape to prevent ingress of
dirt.
8.Remove vacuum hose from rear of regulator.
9.Manual vehicles: Disconnect throttle cable from
bracket. Automatic vehicles: Detach throttle
bracket from plenum chamber and lay assembly
to one side.
See FUEL SYSTEM, Repair,
Plenum Chamber DO NOT DISTURB KICK
DOWN CABLE SETTING.
10.Remove ram housing.See FUEL SYSTEM,
Repair, Ram Housing
11.Remove air flow sensor.See FUEL SYSTEM,
Repair, Air Flow Sensor
12.Remove air cleaner assembly.See FUEL
SYSTEM, Repair, Air Cleaner Assembly
13.Remove Generator.See ELECTRICAL,
Description and operation, Generator
14.Release air conditioning compressor from its
mounting and lay to one side. DO NOT
discharge air conditioning system.
See AIR
CONDITIONING, Repair, Compressor

12ENGINE
2
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION The aluminium alloy, tin coated pistons have two
compression and an oil control ring and are secured
to the connecting rods by semi-floating gudgeon pins
which are an interference fit in the small-end bush.
Gudgeon pins are offset towards the thrust side of the
pistons to reduce frictional drag.
Plain, big-end bearing shells are fitted to each
connecting rod.The internally toothed timing belt is driven from a gear
which is keyed to the crankshaft, belt tension being
controlled by a semi-automatic tensioner.
The trochoidal type oil pump is mounted on the front
of the engine and carries the crankshaft front oil seal.
Drive to the pump is via a Woodruff key inserted in the
crankshaft.

12ENGINE
4
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION CYLINDER BLOCK COMPONENTS
1. Cylinder block
2. Knock sensor
3. Crankshaft sensor
4. Bolt - crankshaft sensor
5. Locating dowel - cylinder head
6. Bolt - connecting rod
7. Piston
8. Piston ring - top compression
9. Piston ring - 2nd compression
10. Piston ring - oil control
11. Gearbox adapter plate
12. Bearing shell - big end - upper
13. Flywheel
14. Bolt - flywheel
15. Torx screw - gearbox adapter plate
16. Blanking plate
17. Bolt - blanking plate
18. Gasket
19. Bolt - crankshaft rear oil seal housing
20. Crankshaft rear oil seal and housing
21. Bolt - coolant pump cover
22. Coolant pump cover
23. Impeller
24. Sealing rings
25. 'O' ring
26. Bolts - coolant pump
27. 'O' ring
28. Coolant pump body
29. Thrust washer halves - upper
30. Bearing shell - main bearing - upper
31. Locating dowel - oil pump
32. Locating dowel - flywheel
33. Gudgeon pin34. Crankshaft
35. Bearing shell - big end - lower
36. Bearing cap - big end
37. Nut - big end bearing cap
38. Locating dowel - main bearing cap
39. Bearing caps - main bearings
40. Bolt - main bearing cap
41. Thrust washer halves - lower
42. Bearing shell - main bearing - lower
43. Woodruff keys
44. Dipstick
45. Bolt - dipstick tube
46. Dipstick tube
47. Bolts - sump
48. Gasket - sump
49. 'O' ring
50. Oil strainer
51. Bolts - oil strainer
52. Sump
53. Washer - drain plug
54. Drain plug
55. Oil filter element
56. Crankshaft front oil seal
57. Bolts - oil pump
58. Gasket - oil pump
59. Oil pump
60. Oil pressure switch
61. Crankshaft spigot bush
62. Crankshaft spigot bearing
63. Locating dowel - coolant pump
64. Connecting rod
65. Bolts belt tensioner mounting plate
66. Belt tensioner mounting plate
67. Bolt - gearbox adapter plate

19FUEL SYSTEM
4
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION OPERATION
Diesel engines operate by compression ignition. The
rapid compression of air in the cylinder during the
compression cycle heats the injected fuel, causing it
to self ignite. During cold starting, automatically
controlled glow plugs assist in raising the temperature
of the compressed air to ignition point.
A cold start advance unit advances the injection timing
to further assist starting. Idle quality is improved by
the high idle setting.
The engine is supplied with pre-compressed air by a
single stage turbocharger.
Exhaust gases passing over a turbine cause it to
rotate, driving a compressor mounted on the turbine
shaft. Air drawn from the cold air intake passes, via
the air cleaner, to the turbocharger where it is
compressed. The compressed air passes to the
cylinders via an intercooler, which reduces the
temperature of the compressed air, increasing its
density.
Fuel is drawn from the tank by a mechanical lift pump
and passes to the injection pump via a filter. In
addition to removing particle contamination from the
fuel, the filter incorporates a water separator, which
removes and stores both bound and unbound water.
The injection pump meters a precisely timed, exact
quantity of fuel to the injectors in response to throttle
variations, injection timing varying with engine speed.
Any excess fuel delivered to the injection pump is not
injected, passing back to the tank via the fuel return
line.
Fuel is injected in a finely atomised form into a
pre-combustion chamber in the cylinder head where it
ignites. The burning fuel expands rapidly into the main
combustion chamber, creating extreme turbulence
which mixes the burning fuel thoroughly with the
compressed air, providing complete combustion.
Cold Starting is assisted by glow plugs, a cold start
advance unit and a high idle setting.Glow plugs
Glow plug operation is controlled by a timer unit, start
relay and resistor. When the ignition is turned on the
timer unit is energised, the glow plugs start to operate
and a warning light on the dashboard illuminates,
remaining illuminated until the glow plugs are
automatically switched off.
The length of time the glow plugs will operate is
dependent on under bonnet temperature, which is
monitored by a sensor located in the timer unit.
Starting the engine results in the power supply to the
glow plugs passing through the resistor, which
reduces their operating temperature. The glow plugs
are cut out either by the temperature sensor in the
timer, or by a microswitch on the injection pump which
operates when the throttle is depressed.
Cold start advance
The cold start advance unit is connected to the engine
cooling system via hoses. It contains a temperature
sensitive element which is retracted when cold and
pulls the advance lever, via cable, towards the rear of
the pump against spring pressure. As coolant
temperature rises, the cold start element expands
releasing tension on the cable and allowing spring
pressure to move the advance lever forwards.