1994 MAZDA MX-5 air suspension

Q OUTLINE, TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE OUTLINE Wheels SPECIFICATIONS Tires -2 TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE Temporary spare 14x4T - - TY Pe Item Size Offset mm {in) Pitch circle diameter mm {in) Material Size Air pressure kPa {kgf/cm2, psi} Standard 14x5 112-JJ 45 11.77) 1 00 (3.94) Aluminum Alloy 185160R14 82H 177 {I .8, 26) Page Excessive or irregu- tar tire wear Premature tire wear Tire squeal body vibration I Unbalanced wheel@) 1 Adjust I Q-5 Steel T1 l5/7ODl4 41 2 {4.2,60) Action Problem 1 Tre deterioration 1 Replace I - I Deformed wheel(s) or tire(s) I Repair or replace I - Possible Cause Refer to page Q-4 for details. Road noise or I Insufficient tire pressure [ Adjust Incorrect tire pressure ( Adjust Incorrect tire pressure 1 Adjust Q-3 Q-3 0-3 Shake [Steering wheel "Ibrates Excessive tire and wheel runout Loose lug nuts Unbalanced wheel(s) Insufficient tire pressure Unevenly worn tires Malfunction of shock absorber Loose shock absorber mounting bolts Stuck or damaged lower arm ball joint Cracked or worn suspension bushings Shimmy (Steering wheel vibrates lefiIright) Replace Tighten Adjust or replace Adjust Replace Replace Tighten Replace Replace Irregular tire wear Excessive tire and wheel runout Loose lug nuts Unbalanced wheel(s) - Q4 Q-5 Q-3 - section R section R section R section R Cracked or worn engine mount Cracked or worn steering gear mount Loose steering gear mounting bolts Stuck or damaged steering ball joint I Damaged or worn front wheel bearing ( Replace ( section M Replace Replace Tighten Adjust or replace I Improperly adjusted front wheel alignment 1 Adjust I section R Uneven (one-sided) I Unequal tire pressures 1 Adjust 1 Q-3 - - Q-4 Q-5 Replace Replace Tighten Replace section B section N section N section N braking Steering wheel I Incorrect tire pressure 1 Adjust doesn't return properly or pulls to either left or right . General driving Instability Excessive steering (2-3 wheel play Irregular tire wear (lefthight) Unequal tire pressures Different types or brands of tires mixed (leftlright) Loose lug nuts Unequal tire pressures Damaged or unbalanced wheel(s) Loose lug nuts Loose lug nuts I 15UOQX-00 Replace Adjust Replace Tighten Adjust Replace or adjust Tighten Tighten - Q-3 - Q-4 Q-3 Q-5 Q-4 Q-4 Gartner Banana

WHEELS AND TIRES SHOULDER WEAR CENTER WEAR (c) (4 FEATHERED EDGE TOE-IN OR TOE- UNEVEN WEAR OUT WEAR Troubleshooting guide Abnormal tire wear patterns, such as those shown in the illustration can occur. Refer to the chart for the possible causes and actions. d' Possible cause I Action I I Underinflation (both sides worn) I Measure and adjust pressure Overinflation Measure and adjust pressure Lack of rotation Rotate tires I Incorrect camber (one side worn) Hard cornering Lack of rotation Incorrect toe-in I Adjust toe-in I Repair or replace suspension parts Reduce speed Rotate tires 1. Cracks, damage, and foreign matter (such as metal pieces, nails, and stones) in the tire and cracks, deformation, and damage to the wheel. 2. Loose wheel lug nut(s). 3. Air leaking from valve stem. Incorrect camber or caster Malfunctioning suspension Unbalanced wheel Out-of-round brake drum or disc Other mechanical conditions Lack of rotation REMOVAL / INSTALLATION When reinstalling a wheel, retighten the lug nuts to the specified torque after about 1,000 km (620 miles} driv- ing. Repair or replace suspension parts Repair or replace Balance or replace Correct or replace Correct or replace Rotate tires Caution Applying oil to the lug nuts, bolts, or wheels will cause the lug nuts to become loosened. Tighten the lug nuts to the specified torque in a criss- cross fashion. Verify that the wheel-to-hub contact surfaces are clean. Tightening torque: 88-11 8 N.m (9-1 2 kgf.m, 65--87 ft-lbf) Gartner Banana

Before beginning any service procedure. refer to section T of this manual for I air bag system service warnings and audio antitheft system alarm conditions . INDEX ....................................... R- 2 OUTLINE ..................................... R- 4 SPECIFICATIONS ........................... R- 4 TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE .................. R- 5 WHEEL ALIGNMENT .......................... R- 6 PRE-INSPECTION .......................... R- 6 FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT ................. R- 6 .................. REAR WHEEL ALIGNMENT R- 9 FRONT SUSPENSION (DOUBLE-WISHBONE) ... R-11 PREPARATION ............................. R-11 SHOCK ABSORBER AND SPRING ............ R-11 LOWER ARM ............................... R-15 UPPER ARM ............................... R-17 STABILIZER ................................ R-19 CROSSMEMBER ........................... R-20 REAR SUSPENSION (DOUBLE-WISHBONE) .... R-21 PREPARATION ............................. R-21 SHOCK ABSORBER AND SPRING ............ R-22 LOWER ARM ............................... R-23 UPPER ARM ............................... R-24 STABILIZER ................................ R-25 CROSSMEMBER ........................... R-26 25UORX-001 Gartner Banana

FRONT SUSPENSION (DOUBLE-WISHBONE) FRONT SUSPENSION (DOUBLE-WISHBONE) PREPARATION SST 49 0727 575 Puller, socket oint Attachment, steering worm bearing preload measuring 49 GO34 1 A0 Compressor, coil spring Screw (Part of - 49 GO34 1 AO) - Wrench, flare nut For removal of lower arm ball joint For 1 49 GO34 101 49 01 18 850C Puller, ball joint For inspection of upper arm ball joint 49 H028 301 Installer, dust boot For 1 49 GO34 103 removal and installation of coil spring Body (Part of 49 GO34 1 AO) For removal and installation of brake pipe removal and installation of coil spring SHOCK ABSORBER AND SPRING Removal / Installation 1. Jack up the front of the vehicle and support it with safety stands. 2. Remove the undercover. 3. Remove the band for the wheel speed sensor harnes. 4. Remove in the order shown in the figure, referring to Removal Note. Arm (Part of 49 GO34 I AO) 5. Inspect all parts and repair or replace as necessary. 6. Install in the reverse order of removal. For removal of upper arm ball joint For installation of front lower arm boot For removal and installation of coil spring For removal and installation of coil spring 7. Loosely tighten the shock absorber, upper arm, stabilizer control link, and stabilizer bracket bolts. Tighten all other nuts and bolts to the specified torques. 8. Install the band for the wheel speed sensor. 9. Lower the vehicle. 10. With the vehicle unloaded, tighten the upper arm and shock absorber bolts to the specified torques. - 11. Adjust the front wheel alignment. (Refer to page R-6.) 25UORX406 Gartner Banana

FRONT SUSPENSION (DOUBLE-WISHBONE) R Disassembly I Inspection I Assembly 1. Disassemble in the order shown in the figure, referring to Disassembly Note. 2. lnspect all parts and repair or replace as necessary. 3. Assemble in the reverse order of disassembly, referring to Assembly Note. 4. Tighten all nuts and bolts to the specified torques, referring to the figure. (FRONT ONLY) & 3 1. Sheet (front only) 2. Cap 3. Mounting plate 4. Bound stopper lnspect for damage 5. Coil spring .......... Disassembly Note page R-13 ............ Assembly Note page R-14 6. Shock absorber lnspect for oil leakage and abnormal noise Disassembly note Coil spring Warning Removing the coil spring nut is dangerous. The shock absorber and spring could fly off under tre- mendous pressure and cause serious injury or death. Secure the shock absorber in the SST before removing the coil spring nut. 1. Loosen the piston rod upper nut several turns, but do not remove the nut. 2. Assemble the SST. 3. Compress the coil spring with the SST, and remove the upper nut. 4. Remove the coil spring. Gartner Banana

FRONT SUSPENSION (DOUBLE-WISHBONE) LOWER ARM Removal / lnspection I Installation 1. Jack up the front of the vehicle and support it with safety stands. 2. Remove the undercover. 3. Remove in the order shown in the figure, referring to Removal Note. 4. lnspect all parts and repair or replace as necessary. 5. Install in the reverse order of removal, referring to lnstallation Note. 6. Loosely tighten the lower arm, shock absorber, and stabilizer control link bolts. Tighten all other nuts and bolts to the specified torque with the vehicle unladen. 7. Lower the vehicle. 8. With the vehicle unloaded, tighten the lower arm, shock absorber, and stabilizer control link bolts to the - specified torques. 9. Adjust the front wheel alignment. (Refer to page R-6.) 1. Wheel and tire 15UORX-012 5. Ball joint dust boot 2. Stabilizer control link bolt emo oval ~ote ............. page R-16 3. Shock absorber bolt Installation Note ........... page R-16 u 4. Lower arm ball joint 6. Lower arm Removal Note ............. page R-16 Inspect for damage and cracks Inspection ................. page R-16 7. Lower arm bushing (front and rear) lnspect for deterioration and wear Gartner Banana

FRONT SUSPENSION (DOUBLE-WISHBONE) R UPPER ARM Removal I Inspection I Installation 1. Jack up the front of the vehicle and support it with safety stands. L/ 2. Remove the undercover. 3. Remove the band for the wheel speed sensor harness. 4. Remove in the order shown in the figure, referring to Removal Note. 5. lnspect all parts and repair or replace as necessary. 6. Install in the reverse order of removal, referring to Installation Note. 7. Loosely tighten the upper arm and shock absorber bolts. Tighten all other nuts and bolts to the specified torques. 8. Install the band for the wheel speed sensor harnes. 9. Lower the vehicle. 10. With the vehicle unloaded, tighten the upper arm and shock absorber bolts to the specified torques. 11. Adjust the front wheel alignment. (Refer to page R-6.) 25UORX-01 1. Wheel and tire 5, Ball ioint dust boot Upper arm ball joint demoval ~ote ............. page R-18 Removal Note ............. page R-18 Installation Note ........... page R-18 Shock absorber bolt 6. Upper arm bushing (front and rear) 4. Upper arm Inspect for deterioration and damage Inspect for damage and cracks Gartner Banana

FRONT SUSPENSION (DOUBLE-WISHBONE) R STABILIZER Removal / Inspection / installation 1. Jack up the front of the vehicle and support it with safety stands. - 2. Remove the undercover. 3. Remove in the order shown in the figure. 4. lnspect all parts and repair or replace as necessary. 5. Install in the reverse order of removal, referring to Installation Note. 6. Loosely tighten the stabilizer control link and bracket bolts. Tighten all other nuts and bolts to the speci- fied torques. - 7. Lower the vehicle. 8. With the vehicle unloaded, tighten the stabilizer control link and bolts to the specified torques. 1. Stabilizer bracket 3. Stabilizer 2. Stabilizer bushing Inspect for bending and damage Inspect for deterioration and wear 4. Stabilizer control link Installation Note . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R-19 Inspect for bending and damage Installation note Align the bushing with the installation mark on the stabi- lizer. Gartner Banana