1994 JEEP CHEROKEE change wheel

LUBRICATION AND MAINTENANCE
CONTENTS
page page
CHASSIS AND BODY COMPONENTS....... 30
DRIVETRAIN........................... 22
ENGINE MAINTENANCE.................. 13GENERAL INFORMATION.................. 1
JUMP STARTING, HOISTING AND TOWING . . 7
MAINTENANCE SCHEDULES............... 5
GENERAL INFORMATION
INDEX
page page
Classification of Lubricants.................. 2
Components Requiring No Lubrication.......... 3
Fluid Capacities.......................... 4
Fuel Requirements........................ 2Introduction.............................. 1
Recommended Lubricant and Replacement Parts . 3
Routine Service........................... 2
INTRODUCTION
Jeeptlubrication and maintenance is divided into
required and recommended service tasks.
The recommendations and procedures listed in this
group are intended for JeeptDealer Service Personnel.
Because conditions vary, it is necessary to schedule
service tasks according to a time interval as well as a
distance interval.
It is the owner's responsibility to have vehicle ser-
viced. Owner is to pay for labor and necessary parts
that are not covered by the warranty.
Additional lubrication and maintenance informa-
tion is listed in the Owner's Manual, which is in-
cluded with the vehicle.
SEVERE DRIVING CONDITIONS
When a vehicle is subjected to a severe driving con-
dition, time between recommended maintenance
should be decreased.
Refer to Engine Maintenance for the engine oil and
filter maintenance interval when involved with a se-
vere driving condition.
A severe driving condition is defined as either:
²frequent short trip driving less than 24 km (15
miles);
²frequent driving in a dusty environment;
²trailer towing;
²extensive engine idling;
²sustained high-speed operation;
²desert operation;
²frequent starting and stopping;²cold-climate operation;
²off-road driving; or
²commercial service.
To service a Jeeptvehicle for a severe driving con-
dition, change all the lubricating fluids and lubricate:
²the body components,
²all the driveline coupling joints, and
²the steering linkage
more often than for a normal driving condition to
prevent excessive wear of the components.
DUSTY AREAS
Driving in an area with dust-filled air increases the
risk of particles entering the engine and crankcase.
With this type of severe driving condition, attention
should be given to the engine and crankcase compo-
nents.
OFF-ROAD (4WD) OPERATION
After completion of off-road (4WD) operation, the
underside of the vehicle should be thoroughly in-
spected. Examine threaded fasteners for looseness.
HARSH SURFACE ENVIRONMENTS
After vehicle operation in a harsh surface environ-
ment, the following components should be inspected
and cleaned as soon as possible:
²brake drums,
²brake linings,
²front wheel bearings (2WD vehicles only), and
²axle coupling joints.
This will prevent wear and/or unpredictable brake
action.
JLUBRICATION AND MAINTENANCE 0 - 1

dye to aid in detecting the source of ATF leaks. The
use of transmission sealing additives should also be
avoided.
Black-light detection dye is factory-installed in
automatic transmissions and, unless the ATF
has been drained and re-placed, it is not neces-
sary to add dye.
ATF LEVEL
Determine the ATF level according to the following
procedure.
WARNING: USE EXTREME CAUTION WHEN THE
ENGINE IS OPERATING. DO NOT PUT YOUR
HANDS NEAR THE DRIVE BELT, PULLEYS OR FAN
BLADE. DO NOT STAND IN A DIRECT LINE WITH
THE FAN BLADE.
(1) Operate the engine and allow the automatic
transmission sufficient time to warm to the normal
operating temperature (77ÉC/170ÉF).
When at normal operating temperature, ATF
will be uncomfortable to fingertips when the
dipstick is touched. Normally, 25 km (15 miles) is
a sufficient driving distance for a transmission
to warm to normal operating temperature (77ÉC/
170ÉF).
(2) Place the vehicle on a level surface.
(3) Operate the engine at idle speed.
(4) Engage the parking brake.
(5) Place a block in front of and at the rear of one
wheel/tire to prevent vehicle movement.
(6) Depress the brake pedal and move the trans-
mission selector lever through all the positions and
then place the selector lever in NEUTRAL position.
(7) Remove the dipstick (Fig. 6) from the transmis-
sion filler tube and wipe it clean.
(8) Insert the dipstick into the transmission filler
tube and seat the cap on top of the tube.
(9) Remove the dipstick and observe the ATF level
on both sides of the dipstick. The ATF level is accept-
able when it is between the ADD and FULL marks.
(10) While determining the ATF level in a trans-
mission, also note the general condition of the fluid.
Examine the fluid closely. If doubtful about its con-
dition, drain a sample into a small container for
evaluation.
(11) If the ATF level is either at or below the ADD
mark, add sufficient ATF to raise the level to the
FULL mark on the dipstick.
CAUTION: Do not over-fill an automatic transmis-
sion. Over-filling can cause the ATF to foam, which
will result in over-heating, fluid oxidation and var-
nish formation.
(12) When it is necessary to add ATF, insert a
long-necked funnel into the transmission filler tube.It requires only 0.5 liter (1.0 pint) of ATF to raise
the level from the ADD mark to the FULL mark.
(13) Inspect for ATF leaks and correct as neces-
sary.
(14) Remove the wheel/tire blocks.
ATF AND FILTER CHANGE
Automatic transmission fluid (ATF) does not dete-
riorate or wear out, but it does become contaminated.
These contaminates will eventually restrict passages
and orifices. The result is hard or rough shifting, or
complete transmission failure. Also, the varnish
eventually causes rubber seals to harden and become
brittle.
When it is necessary to change the ATF and re-
place the filter in a Jeeptautomatic transmission,
use the following procedures.
Fig. 6 Dipstick & ATF LevelÐTypical
Fig. 7 Safe ATF Level Above 22ÉC/72ÉF
0 - 24 LUBRICATION AND MAINTENANCEJ

DRAINING ATF/FILTER REMOVAL
Drain the automatic transmission fluid (ATF) im-
mediately after stopping the engine (before the ATF
cools).
(1) Raise and support the vehicle.
(2) Loosen the transmission pan bolts and drain
the original ATF into an appropriate container. Re-
move the pan bolts, the pan and the gasket.
Care should be exercised when disposing used
ATF after it has been drained from a vehicle
transmission.
(3) Remove the screws and the ATF filter (Fig. 8).
Discard the filter.
FILTER INSTALLATION/ATF RE-FILL
(1) Install a replacement ATF filter. Tighten the
screws with 4 NIm (35 in. lbs.) torque.
(2) Clean the pan thoroughly. Install a replace-
ment gasket on the pan. Install the pan with the at-
taching bolts:
²model AW-4 transmission Ð tighten the pan bolts
with 7 NIm (60 in. lbs.) torque; and
²model 998 transmission Ð tighten the pan bolts
with 17 NIm (150 in. lbs.) torque.
(3) Remove the support and lower the vehicle.
(4) Pour approximately 4.7 liters (5 quarts) of ATF
into the filler tube. Use MerconŸ ATF for AW-4 au-
tomatic transmissions. Use MOPAR ATF PLUS type
7176 or equivalent, for 998 automatic transmissions.
(5) Place a block in front of and at the rear of one
wheel/tire to prevent vehicle movement.
(6) Start the engine and allow it to idle a few min-
utes.
(7) Apply the brake pedal and engage the parking
brake. Move the transmission selector lever through
all positions, then place the selector lever in NEU-
TRAL position.(8) With the transmission at normal operating
temperature, observe the ATF level on the dipstick.
Add ATF (if necessary) to raise the level to the
FULL mark on the dipstick.Only 0.5 liter (1.0 pint)
will raise the level from the ADD mark to the
FULL mark when the ATF is at normal operat-
ing temperature.
(9) Inspect for fluid leaks and correct as necessary.
(10) Remove the wheel/tire blocks.
TRANSFER CASE
RECOMMENDED MAINTENANCE
The fluid (ATF) level in transfer cases should be
determined at the same time as the engine oil is
changed and the oil filter is replaced. Add ATF as
necessary.
In addition, transfer case ATF should be changed
after each 48 000-km (30,000-miles) interval of vehi-
cle operation has elapsed.
FLUID SPECIFICATIONS
If it is necessary to add fluid to a transfer case (or
when the fluid is changed), use MOPAR ATF PLUS
type 7176 or an equivalent MerconŸ/Dexron IIŸ
ATF.
FLUID LEVEL
The transfer case fill-hole plug is located at the
rear of the housing (Fig. 9).
Determine the transfer case fluid (ATF) level ac-
cording to the following procedure.
(1) Raise and support the vehicle.
(2) Remove the fill-hole plug from the transfer
case. The ATF level should be at the bottom edge of
the fill hole. The level can be slightly below the bot-
tom edge of the fill hole if the fluid is cold.
Fig. 9 Transfer CaseÐTypical
Fig. 8 ATF FilterÐTypical
JLUBRICATION AND MAINTENANCE 0 - 25

(6) Inspect the disc brake caliper dust boot for cor-
rect installation, damage/tears and indications of
brake fluid leakage. Inspect the bushings and pins
for corrosion, tears and a binding condition.
(7) Pull the rear wheel cylinder dust boot back to
expose the wheel cylinder housing and inspect for
fluid leaks. Inspect the pistons and cylinder bores for
proper appearance.
(8) Inspect the brake differential warning valve
and housing for indications of leakage, kinked hoses
and loose fittings.
PARK BRAKE
(1) As applicable, engage the park brake lever or
pedal and then release it.
(2) If the park brake is functioning normally, test
it for smooth operation and vehicle-holding capabil-
ity.
(3) Inspect the park brake cables for kinks, fraying
and a binding condition.
(4) With the park brake released, the rear wheels
should rotate without restriction. Adjust the park
brake cable tension at the equalizer (Fig. 10), if nec-
essary.
(5) Repair any park brake malfunctions.
BRAKE OPERATIONAL TEST
(1) Drive the vehicle and test for proper brake ac-
tion.
(2) Note any indication of drum/rotor overheating,
wheel dragging or the vehicle pulling to one side
when the brakes are applied.
(3) Evaluate any performance complaints received
from the owner/operator.
(4) Repair the brake system as necessary (refer to
Group 5ÐBrakes for additional information and ser-
vice procedures).
TIRES
RECOMMENDED MAINTENANCE
The general condition of the tires and the inflation
pressures should be inspected at the same time the
engine oil is changed and the oil filter is replaced.
In addition, the tires/wheels should be rotated pe-
riodically to ensure even tread wear and maximum
tread life. The tires/wheels should be rotated initially
after the first 12 000-km (7,500-miles). Thereafter,
after each 24 000-km (15,000-miles) interval of vehi-
cle operation has elapsed.
INSPECTION
Inspect the tires for excessive wear, damage, etc.
Test the tires for the recommended inflation pres-
sure. Refer to the tire inflation pressure decal located
on the inside of the glove box door, and also to Group
22ÐTires And Wheels.
ROTATION
Refer to Group 22ÐTires And Wheels for the rec-
ommended method of tire/wheel rotation for a Jeept
vehicle.
BODY COMPONENTS
RECOMMENDED MAINTENANCE
Body components should be lubricated (as required)
after each 48 000-km (30,000-miles) interval of vehi-
cle operation has elapsed.
LUBRICANT SPECIFICATIONS
All applicable exterior and interior body compo-
nents should be:
²inspected for excessive wear,
²cleaned, and
²all pivot/sliding contact areas of the components
should be lubricated with the specified lubricant.
Refer to the Body Lubricant Specifications chart
below. When excessive wear is apparent, replace/re-
pair as necessary.
LUBRICATION
All pivoting and sliding contact areas, including:
²seat tracks,
²door hinges/latches/strikers, and
²liftgate/tailgate/hood hinges (Fig. 11),
should be lubricated periodically to ensure quiet,
easy operation and to protect against wear and cor-
rosion.
(1) As required, lubricate the body components
with the specified lubricants.
(2) When lubricating door weatherstrip seals, ap-
ply the lubricant to a cloth and wipe it on the seal.
(3) Prior to the application of lubricant, the compo-
nent should be wiped clean to remove dust, grit and
debris. After lubrication, any excess lubricant should
be removed.
Fig. 10 Park Brake Equalizer (XJ)ÐTypical
0 - 34 LUBRICATION AND MAINTENANCEJ

axle assembly to the frame. The lower arms uses
shims at the frame mount to allow for adjustment of
caster and pinion angle. The suspension arm travel
(jounce or rebound) is limited through the use of rub-
ber bumpers.
Suspension components which use rubber bushings
should be tightened at vehicle ride height. This will
prevent premature failure of the bushing and main-
tain ride comfort. Bushings must never be lubricated.
The coil springs control ride quality and maintain
proper ride height. The coil springs mount up in the
fender shield which is part of the unitized body
bracket. A rubber isolator is located between the top
of the spring and the frame. The bottom of the spring
seats on a axle pad and is retained with a clip.
The shock absorbers dampen jounce and rebound of
the vehicle over various road conditions. The top of
the shock absorbers are bolted to the frame. The bot-
tom of the shocks are bolted to the axle spring
bracket.
The stabilizer bar is used to minimize vehicle front
sway during turns. The spring steel bar helps to con-
trol the vehicle body in relationship to the suspen-
sion. The bar extends across the front underside of
the chassis and connects to the frame rails. Links are
connected from the bar to the axle brackets. Stabi-
lizer bar mounts are isolated by rubber bushings.
The track bar is used to minimize front axle side-
to-side movement. The bar is attached to a frame rail
bracket with a ball stud and isolated with a bushing
at the axle bracket.
TUBE AXLE (2WD VEHICLES)
The front axle used on two-wheel drive vehicles is
a one-piece, tubular axle (Fig. 2). The tubular axle
mounts in the same bracketry as does the four-wheel
drive front axle. The steering knuckles and hub bear-
ing assemblies are the same as used on the Model 30
drive axle.
YJ VEHICLES
The Wrangler (YJ) front suspension is leaf spring
design comprised of (Fig. 3);
²Drive axle
²Track bar
²Stabilizer bar
²Leaf springs
²Dual-action shock absorbers
²Jounce bumpers (used to limit the travel of the
suspension)
The front suspension uses semi-elliptic multi-leaf
springs mounted on the drive axle. The rearward end
of the springs are mounted to the frame rail hangers
through rubber bushings. The bushings isolate road
noise as the springs move. The forward end of the
springs are attached to the frame with shackles. The
spring and shackles use rubber bushings to isolate
road noise. The shackles allow the springs to changetheir length as the vehicle moves over various road
conditions. The spring and axle travel (jounce or re-
bound) is limited through use of rubber bumpers
mounted on the frame.
Suspension components which use rubber bushings
should be tightened at vehicle ride height. This will
prevent premature failure of the bushing and main-
tain ride comfort. The bushings should never be lu-
bricated.
Fig. 2 Front AxleÐ 2WD Vehicles
Fig. 3 YJ Front Suspension
2 - 2 FRONT SUSPENSION AND AXLEJ

not change except when a spindle or ball stud is
damaged or bent. The angle is not adjustable and the
damaged component(s) must be replaced to correct
mis-alignment.
CAUTION:Do not attempt to modify any suspension
or steering component by heating and bending.
PRE-ALIGNMENT INSPECTION
Before starting a front wheel alignment, the follow-
ing inspection and necessary corrections must be
completed.
(1) Tires with the same recommended air pressure,
size, and thread wear. Refer to Group 22, Tires And
Wheels for diagnosis information.
(2) Front wheel bearings for wear.
(3) Ball studs, steering linkage pivot points and
steering gear for looseness, roughness, binding or
wear. Refer to Group 19, Steering for additional in-
formation.
(4) Front wheels for excessive radial or lateral
runout and unbalance. Refer to Group 22, Tires And
Wheels for diagnosis information.
(5) Suspension components for wear and noise.
Check components for correct torque. Refer to Groups
2 and 3, Suspension and Axle for additional informa-
tion.
ALIGNMENT MEASUREMENTS AND ADJUSTMENTS
Before each alignment reading, the vehicle should
be jounced (rear first, then front). Grasp each bumper
at the center and jounce the vehicle up and down
several times. Always release the bumper in the
down position.Set the front end alignment to
specifications with the vehicle at its NOR-
MALLY RIDE HEIGHT.
CAMBER
The wheel camber angle (Fig. 1) is preset at ZERO
DEGREES (0É). The angle is not adjustable and can-
not be altered.
CASTER
The caster angle (Fig. 1) is set at:
²XJ manual transmission, POSITIVE 6.5 DE-
GREES (+6.5É).
²XJ automatic transmission, POSITIVE 8.0 DE-
GREES (+8.0É).
²YJ all transmissions, POSITIVE 6.0 DEGREES
(+6.0É).
Before checking the caster of the front axle for cor-
rect angle. Be sure the axle is not bent or twisted.
Road test the vehicle, and make left and right
turns. If the steering wheel returns to the center po-
sition unassisted, the caster angle is correct. How-ever, if steering wheel does not return toward the
center position unassisted, an incorrect caster angle
is probable.
Caster can be adjusted by installing the appropri-
ate size shims (Fig. 2, 3).Changing caster angle
will also change the front propeller shaft angle.
The propeller shaft angle has priority over
caster. Refer to Group 16, Propeller Shafts for
additional information.
Fig. 2 AdjustmentÐYJ Vehicles
Fig. 3 AdjustmentÐXJ Vehicles
2 - 6 FRONT SUSPENSION AND AXLEJ

TOE POSITIONÐXJ VEHICLES
The wheel toe position adjustment should be the fi-
nal adjustment.
(1) Start the engine and turn wheels both ways be-
fore straightening the wheels. Secure the steering
wheel with the front wheels in the straight-ahead po-
sition.
(2) Loosen the adjustment sleeve clamp bolts (Fig.
4).
(3) Adjust the right wheel toe position with the
drag link. Turn the sleeve until the right wheel is at
specifications. Position the clamp bolts as shown
(Fig. 5) and tighten to 49 Nzm (36 ft. lbs.) torque.
Make sure the toe setting does not change dur-
ing clamp tightening.
(4) Adjust the left wheel toe position with the tie
rod. Turn the sleeve until the left wheel is at speci-
fications. Position the clamp bolts as shown (Fig. 5)
and tighten to 27 Nzm (20 ft. lbs.) torque.Make sure
the toe setting does not change during clamp
tightening.
(5) Verify the right toe setting.
Fig. 4 Steering LinkageÐXJ Vehicles
Fig. 5 Drag Link and Tie Rod Clamp Location
2 - 8 FRONT SUSPENSION AND AXLEJ

AXLE NOISE/VIBRATION DIAGNOSIS
INDEX
page page
Driveline Snap........................... 17
Gear and Bearing Noise................... 16
General Information....................... 16Low Speed Knock........................ 17
Vibration............................... 17
GENERAL INFORMATION
Axle bearing problem conditions are usually caused
by:
²Insufficient or incorrect lubricant
²Foreign matter/water contamination
²Incorrect bearing preload torque adjustment
²Incorrect backlash (to tight)
When serviced, the bearings must be cleaned thor-
oughly. They should be dried with lint-free shop tow-
els.Never dry bearings with compressed air.
This will overheat them and brinell the bearing
surfaces. This will result in noisy operation after
repair.
Axle gear problem conditions are usually the result
of:
²Insufficient lubrication
²Incorrect or contaminated lubricant
²Overloading (excessive engine torque) or exceeding
vehicle weight capacity
²Incorrect clearance or backlash adjustment
Insufficient lubrication is usually the result of a
housing cover leak. It can also be from worn axle
shaft or pinion gear seals. Check for cracks or porous
areas in the housing or tubes.
Using the wrong lubricant will cause overheating
and gear failure. Gear tooth cracking and bearing
spalling are indicators of this.
Axle component breakage is most often the result
of:
²Severe overloading
²Insufficient lubricant
²Incorrect lubricant
²Improperly tightened components
Overloading occurs when towing heavier than rec-
ommended loads. Component breakage can occur
when the wheels are spun excessively. Incorrect lu-
bricant quantity contributes to breakage. Loose dif-
ferential components can also cause breakage.
Incorrect bearing preload or gear backlash will not
result in component breakage. Mis-adjustment will
produce enough noise to cause service repair before a
failure occurs. If a mis-adjustment condition is not
corrected, component failure can result.
Excessive bearing preload may not be noisy. This
condition will cause high temperature which can re-
sult in bearing failure.
GEAR AND BEARING NOISE
GEAR NOISE
Axle gear noise can be caused by insufficient lubri-
cant. Incorrect backlash, tooth contact, or worn/dam-
aged gears can cause noise.
Gear noise usually happens at a specific speed
range. The range is 30 to 40 mph, or above 50 mph.
The noise can also occur during a specific type of
driving condition. These conditions are acceleration,
deceleration, coast, or constant load.
When road testing, accelerate the vehicle to the
speed range where the noise is the greatest. Shift
out-of-gear and coast through the peak-noise range.
If the noise stops or changes greatly, check for insuf-
ficient lubricant. Incorrect ring gear backlash, or
gear damage can cause noise changes.
Differential side and pinion gears can be checked
by turning the vehicle. They usually do not cause
noise in straight-ahead driving. These gears are
loaded during vehicle turns. If noise does occur dur-
ing vehicle turns, the side or pinion gears could be
worn or damaged. A worn pinion gear mate shaft can
also cause a snapping or a knocking noise.
BEARING NOISE
The axle shaft, differential and pinion gear bear-
ings can all produce noise when worn or damaged.
Bearing noise can be either a whining, or a growling
sound.
Pinion gear bearings have a constant-pitch noise.
This noise changes only with vehicle speed. Pinion
bearing noise will be higher because it rotates at a
faster rate. Drive the vehicle and load the differen-
tial. If bearing noise occurs the pinion rear bearing is
the source of the noise. If the bearing noise is heard
during a coast, front bearing is the source.
Worn, damaged differential bearings usually pro-
duce a low pitch noise. Differential bearing noise is
similar to pinion bearing. The pitch of differential
bearing noise is also constant and varies only with
vehicle speed.
Axle shaft bearings produce noise and vibration
when worn or damaged. The noise generally changes
when the bearings are loaded. Road test the vehicle.
Turn the vehicle sharply to the left and to the right.
This will load the bearings and change the noise
2 - 16 FRONT SUSPENSION AND AXLEJ