
GENERAL
FUNDAMENTALS
FORTHE
DO-IT
YOURSELF
OWNER
010-1
010
Fundamentals
for
the
Do-lt-Yourself
Owner
GENERAL
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.010-1
TOOLS
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010-8
Basic
Tool
Requirements
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010-8
HOW
TO
USE
THIS
MANUAL
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010-2
JackStands
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010-9
Warnings,
Cautions
and
Notes
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010-2
Oil
Change
Equipment
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010-9
GETTING
STARTED
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.010-2
Torque
Wrench
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010-10
Feeler
Gauges
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010-10
Safety
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010-2
Digital
Multimeter
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010-10
Lífting
the
Car
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010-3
gMW
Special
Tools
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010-11
Raising
car
safely
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010-3
Working
under
car
safely
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010-4
EMERGENCIES
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010-11
ADVICE
FOR
THE
BEGINNER
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010-4
Changing
a
Tire
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.010-11
Car
Will
Not
Start
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.010-11
Planning
Ahead
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010-4
Jump
Starting
Car
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010-12
Cleanliness
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010-4
Overheating
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010-12
Non-reusable
Fasteners
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010-5
Low
Oil
Pressure
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010-13
Tightening
Fasteners
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010-5
Brake
Fluid
Level
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010-13
Gaskets
and
Seals
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010-5
Check
Engine
Warning
Light
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010-13
Electrical
Testing
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010-6
pim
Lights
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010-13Wire
Repairs
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010-6
Towíng
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.010-13
BUYINGPARTS
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010-6
Spare
Parts
Kit
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010-14
Genuine
BMW
Parts
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010-6
Non-returnable
Parts
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010-7
TABLES
Information
You
Need
to
Know
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010-7
a
.
General
Bolt
Tightening
Torques
SERVICE
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010-7
Although
the
BMW
is
a
sophisticated
and
complex
machine,
basic
maintenance
can
be
accomplished
byan
interested
own-
er
with
mechanical
skills
and
the
right
information
.
Most
of
the
preventive
maintenance
that
is
required
in
the
lifetime
of
theav-
erage
BMW
is
weil
within
the
capabilitiesof
the
do-it-yourseifer
.
WARNING
-
Do
not
use
this
manual
unless
you
are
familiar
with
basicautomotive
repair
procedures
and
sale
work-
shop
practices
.
This
manual
illustrates
the
work-
shop
procedures
required
for
most
service
work
;it
is
not
a
substitute
for
full
and
up-to-date
information
from
the
vehicle
manufacturer
or
for
proper
training
asan
automotive
technician
.
Note
that
it
is
not
pos-
sible
for
us
to
anticipate
al¡
of
the
ways
orconditions
underwhich
vehicles
may
be
serviced
or
to
provide
cautions
as
to
all
of
the
possible
hazards
that
may
result
'
in
Nm
(max
.
permissible)
.
..
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.
010-5
WARNING
-
Your
common
sense
and
good
judgment
are
crucial
tosale
and
successful
service
work
.
Read
proce-
dures
through
before
starting
them
.
Thinkabout
whether
the
condition
ofyour
car,
your
leve¡
of
me-
chanical
skill,
or
your
leve¡
of
reading
comprehen-
sion
might
result
in
orcontribute
in
some
way
to
an
occurrence
that
might
cause
you
injury
damage
your
car,
or
result
in
an
unsafe
repair
.
lf
you
havedoubts
for
these
or
other
reasonsaboutyour
abilíty
to
perform
sale
repair
work
onyour
car,
have
the
work
done
at
an
authorized
BMW
dealer
or
other
qualified
shop
.
This
section
of
the
manual
is
intended
to
helpthe
beginner
get
started
.
To
begin
with
there
is
a
discussion
on
How
To
Use
This
Manual
.
Tips
on
mechanicas
skills
and
workshop
practic-
es
that
can
help
the
beginner
do
a
faster
and
more
thorough
job
can
be
foundunderGettingStarted
.
The
basic
tools
needed
to
do
most
of
the
procedures
in
this
manual
are
foundunder
Tools
.
The
section
ends
with
a
quick
reference
guide
to
Emer-
gencies,
including
basictroubleshooting
and
information
on
how
to
gauge
the
seriousness
of
a
problem
.
GENERAL

GENERAL
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210-1
CLUTCH
MECHANICAL
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210-3
CLUTCH
HYDRAULICS
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210-1
Clutch,
removing
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210-4
Clutch,inspecting
and
installing
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.210-5Clutch
hydraulic
system,
Transmission
pilot
bearing,replacing
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210-6
bleeding
and
flushing
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210-2
Clutch
master
cylinder,
replacing
..
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210-2
Table
Clutch
slave
cylinder,
replacing
...
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210-3
a
.
Clutch
Disc
Diameter
.............
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210-3
GENERAL
CLUTCH
HYDRAULICS
This
repair
group
covers
replacement
of
the
clutch
mechan-
The
Clutch
is
hydraulically
actuated
by
the
master
and
slave
¡cal
and
hydraulic
components
.
Special
tools
may
be
required
cylinders
.
Clutch
disc
wear
is
automatically
taken
upby
the
for
some
of
the
procedures
.
Read
the
procedure
through
be-
pushrod
travelof
the
slave
cylinder,
making
periodic
adjust-fore
beginning
a
job
.
ments
unnecessary
.
NOTE-
See200
Transmission-General
for
transmission
applicatíon
information
.
The
major
components
of
the
clutch
system
are
shown
in
Fig
.
1
.
Engine
Pressure
plate
flywheel,,
assembly
Clutch
Flywheel
bolt
Pressure
plate
release
lever
Release
lever
Fig
.
1
.
Clutch
assembly
and
hydraufcs
.
210
Clutch
Release
bearing
Pushrod
A
soft
or
spongy
feel
to
the
clutchpedal,
long
pedal
free-
play,
or
grinding
noises
from
thegears
while
shifting
can
all
in-
dicate
problems
with
the
Clutch
hydraulics
.
In
these
circum-
stances
it
is
best
to
start
with
a
clutch
fluid
flush,
followed,
if
necessary,
byreplacement
of
the
hydraulic
parts
.
From
brake
fluid
reservoir
CLUTCH
210-1
0
0
Transmission
inputshaft
Clutch
master
cylinder
Bulkhead
Slave
cylinder
6535
CLUTCH
HYDRAULICS

Fig
.
3
.
ABS
wheel
speed
sensor
mounting
bolt
(arrow)
.
NOTE-
Note
flats
on
stabilizer
bar
linkball
joint
for
placement
of
open
end
wrench
.
CAUTION-
Do
not
remove
center
strut
retaining
nut
.
8
.
Lower
strut
assembly
from
car
.
NOTE-
Store
the
removed
strut
assembly
upríght
.
Do
not
allow
it
to
líe
horizontally
or
upside-down
for
any
lengthoftime
.
If
íncorrect
storage
has
occurred,
place
the
strut
assembly
upríght
wíth
the
rod
fully
extended
for
at
least
24
hours
.
0012117
FRONT
SUSPENSION
310-3
6
.
Unbolt
splash
shield
and
steering
arm
from
strut
.
Sus-
Fig
.
4
.
Strut
and
steering
arm
assembly
.
pend
steering
arm
assembly
from
chassis
using
stiff
wire
.
See
Fig
.
4
.
1
.
Nut
6
.
Bolt
2
.
Strut
7
.
Bolt
3
.
ABS
wheel
speed
sensor
8
.
Flat
washer
4
.
Cable
holder
9
.
Self-locking
nut
5
.
Steering
arm
10
.
Washer
11
.
Bolt
9
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
Be
sure
to
use
new
CAUTION-
self-locking
nuts
and
bolts
.
The
steering
arm
ball
joint
can
be
damaged
if
the
"
Use
new
steering
arm
mounting
bolts,
or
clean
bolts
arm
is
allowed
to
hang
unsupported
.
and
use
Locktite
®
270
orequivalent
thread-locking
compound
.
7
.
Support
strut
assembly
from
below
.
From
above,
re-
"
On
M3
models
:
When
attaching
stabilizer
link
to
strut,
move
three
strut
mounting
nuts
on
strut
tower
.
use
a
thin
wrench
to
hold
flats
on
link
parallelto
strut
.
"
Have
car
professionally
aligned
When
job
is
complete
.
Tightening
Torques
"
Brake
caliper
to
steering
arm
......
110
Nm
(81
ft-lb)
"
Road
wheel
to
hub
.........
100±10
Nm
(74
t7
ft-Ib)
"
Stabilizer
bar
link
to
strut
(M3)
.....
.
59
Nm
(44
ft-lb)
"
Steering
arm
to
strut
housing
"
(encapsulated
bolts-always
replace)
107
Nm
(78
ft-lb)
"
Strut
assembly
to
strut
tower
(self-locking
nuts)
........
...
..
..
.
24
Nm
(16
ft-Ib)
SHOCK
ABSORBERS
AND
SPRINGS

GENERAL
This
repair
group
covers
replacement
of
the
front
fenders
and
removal
and
installation
of
the
engine
hood
.
NOTE-
The
body
is
painted
at
the
factoryafter
assembly
.
Re-
alignment
of
body
panels
may
expose
unpainted
metal
.
Paint
all
exposed
metal
once
the
work
fs
complete
.
FRONT
FENDERS
Front
fender,
removing
and
installing
1
.
Raise
hood
.
Raise
and
safely
support
front
of
vehicle
.
WARNING
-
"
When
raising
thecar
using
a
floor
jack
or
a
hy-
draulic
lift,
carefully
position
the
jack
pad
to
pre-
vent
damaging
thecar
body
.
A
suitable
liner
(wood,
rubber,
etc
.)
should
be
placed
between
the
jack
and
the
car
to
prevent
body
damage
.
"
Watch
the
jack
closely
.
Make
sure
it
stays
stable
and
does
not
shift
or
tilt
.
As
the
car
is
raised,
the
car
may
roll
slightly
and
the
jack
may
shift
.
2
.
Remove
front
wheel
.
Remove
inner
plastic
liner
from
wheel
well
.
3
.
Remove
front
bumper
.
See510
Exterior
Trim,
Bumpers
.
4
.
Working
atfront
corner
of
fender,
remove
front
grille
panel
bolts
(2
bolts
at
left
and
right)
.
See
Fig
.
1
.
FENDERS,
ENGINE
HOOD
410-1
410
Fenders,
Engine
Hood
GENERAL
...............
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..
410-1
ENGINE
HOOD
.
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...
.
.410-3
Hood,
raising
to
service
position
.
.
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.
.
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.
.
...
410-3
FRONTFENDERS
........
.
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.
.
.410-1
Hood,
removin
and
installin
410-3
Front
Pender,
removing
and
installing
.
.
.
....
410-1
Hood,
aligning
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
410-4
Hood
release
cable
and
latches,
adjusting
...
410-4
001
.145
Fig
.
1
.
Front
grille
panel
to
front
fender
retaining
bolts
(arrows)
.
Front
bumpershown
removed
.
5
.
Remove
front
turn
signalliens
assembly
from
applica-
ble
front
corner
.
Carefully
pryout
side
directional
from
fender
(later
cars
only)
.
See
630
Exterior
Lighting
.
6
.
Remove
fender
attaching
bolts
atfront
underside
of
fender
.
See
Fig
.
2
.
7
.
Remove
bolts
along
top
edge
of
fender
:
See
Fig
.
3
.
8
.
Open
front
door
and
remove
fender
mounting
bolts
in
door
jamb
.
See
Fig
.
4
.
9
.
Carefully
remove
fender
from
body
.
FRONTFENDERS

GENERAL
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
..
.
...
.
.........
510-1
Front
bumper
impact
absorber,
replacing
....
510-4
Rear
bumper,
removing
and
installing
.....
.510-4
OUTSIDE
REAR
VIEW
MIRRORS
.
...
.
.....
510-1
Rear
bumper
impact
absorber,
replacing
...
.
510-6
Outside
mirrorglass,
replacing
.
.
.........
510-1
Bumper
height,
adjusting
...
.
...
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
510-6
Outside
mirror
housing,
removing
and
installing
....
.
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.
510-1
EXTERIOR
TRIM
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
510-6
Outside
mirror,
removing
and
installing
.
.
.
.
.
510-2
BMW
embiem,
removing
and
installing
.
.
.
.
.
.
510-7
Body
side
molding,
replacing
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
510-7
BUMPERS
.
.
.
.
.
....
.
.....
.
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.
510-3
Radiator
grille,
removing
and
installing
.
.
.
.
.
.510-7
Front
bumper,
removing
and
installing
.
.
.
.
.
.
510-3
Front
panel,
removing
and
installing
...
.
.
.
.
.
510-7
GENERAL
510
Exterior
Trim,
Bumpers
This
repair
group
includes
repair
information
for
the
outside
rear
view
mirror,
front
and
rear
bumpers,
and
the
easily
re-
movable
exterior
trim
parts
.
OUTSIDE
REAR
VIEW
MIRRORS
The
remove
controlled
mirrors
come
in
two
styles
:
heated
and
unheated
.
Many
of
the
mirror
components
are
separately
available
from
an
authorized
BMW
dealer,
including
the
glass
and
outside
plastic
housing
.
Outside
mirror
glass,
replacing
CAUTION-
Mirror
shouldbe
ator
above
room
temperature
before
removal
.
Otherwise,
small
plastic
parts
or
glass
will
break
.
1
.
Insert
thin
pry
tool
(wooden
or
tape-wrapped
screwdriv-
er)
between
bottom
mirror
edge
and
mirror
housing
and
carefully
pry
out
mirror
glass
from
housing
.
See
Fig
.
1
.
2
.
Heated
mirror
:
remove
heating
element
harness
con-
nectors
from
back
of
mirror
glass
.
3
.
Install
new
glass
into
position
by
pressing
firmly
until
it
snaps
into
place
.
EXTERIOR
TRIM,
BUMPERS
510-1
00130
..
Fig
.1
.
Prying
mirror
glass
out
of
mirror
housing
.
Note
screwdriver
shaft
wrapped
with
tape
.
Outside
mirror
housing,
removing
and
installing
1
.
Remove
mirror
glass
as
described
above
.
2
.
Remove
housing
retaining
screws
and
lift
off
rear
hous-
ing
.
See
Fig
.
2
.
3
.
Tilt
mirror
housing
forward
and
compress
plastic
retain-
ers
and
lift
off
front
housing
.
See
Fig
.
3
.
4
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
Check
mirror
function
before
installing
covering
parts
.
OUTSIDE
REAR
VIEW
MIRRORS

BUMPERS
Front
bumper,
removing
and
installing
Refer
to
Fig
.
6
.
when
removing
and
installing
the
front
bumper
.
1
.
Raise
and
properly
support
vehicle
.
WARNING
-
Make
sure
that
the
car
is
firmly
supportedonjack
stands
designed
for
the
purpose
.
Place
the
jackstands
beneath
a
structural
chassis
point
.
Do
not
place
jack
stands
undersuspension
parts
.
2
.
Unclip
left
trim
strip
by
prying
gently
under
plastic
trim
at
front
of
bumper
.
Similarly,
unclip
towing
eyecoverfrom
right
side
.
5
.
Remove
bumper
cover
retaining
screws
in
front
wheel
3
.
Remove
four
mounting
nuts
from
bumper
mounts
(two
well
(left
and
right
sides)
.
See
Fig
.
8
.
nuts
on
eachmount)
.
See
Fig
.
7
.
4
.
Working
underneath
car,
removescrews
from
left
and
right
side
corner
trim,
then
remove
trim
.
Side
brackets
Bumper
cover
Fig
.
6
.
Front
bumper
assembly
.
EXTERIOR
TRIM,
BUMPERS
510-3
Fig
.
7
.
Front
bumper
mounting
nuts
(arrows)
.
Lefttrim
andtow
eye
cover
on
right
have
been
removed
.
6
.
Disconnect
harness
connectors
at
foglight
sockets
(if
applicable)
.
Side
corner
trim
Support
bracket
Impact
absorber
o
O
Foglight
support
LBumner
bracket
bolt
License
plata
0011944
bracket
BUMPERS

610
Electrical
Component
Locations
GENERAL
...........
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
........
610-1
FOSE
POSITION
TABLES
..
.
.
.
.
.
.....
.
610-19
FUSE
AND
RELAY
POSITIONS
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
610-1
Fuse
Positions
.
.
.
................
.
.
.
.
.
610-1
Relay
Positions
.
.
.
.....
.
.
.
........
.
.
.
.
.
610-2
Auxiliary
RelayPanel
.....
.
...
.
........
.
610-2
SplicePanel,
Left
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
...
.
........
.
610-2
SplicePanel,
Right
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.........
610-3
COMPONENT
LOCATIONS
.
.
.
.
.......
.
.610-3
Component
Location
Table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.........
610-9
GENERAL
FUSE
AND
RELAY
POSITIONS
This
repair
group
covers
f
use,
relay,
and
control
module
lo-
The
front
power
distribution
box,
an
auxiliary
relay
panel,cation
information
.
Electrical
equipment
and
accessories
in-
and
two
auxiliary
splice
panels
contain
most
of
the
fuses
and
stalled
varies
depending
on
model
and
model
year
.
Always
relays
in
E36
vehicles
.
Refer
to
the
component
location
later
confirm
that
the
proper
electrical
component
has
been
identi-
in
this
section,
as
well
as
the
tables
at
the
end
of
this
repair
fied
by
using
the
electrical
wiring
diagrams
.
group
for
electrical
component
location
.
WARNING
-
On
cars
equipped
with
airbags,
special
precautionsapply
to
any
electrical
system
testing
orrepair
.
Air-
bag
units
areexplosive
devices
and
mustbe
han-
dled
with
extremecare
.
Before
starting
any
work
onan
airbag
equipped
car,
refer
to
the
wamings
and
cautions
in
721
Airbag
System
(SRS)
.
CAUTION
-
"
Prior
to
disconnectiog
the
battery,
read
the
bat-
tery
disconnection
cautions
given
at
the
front
of
this
manual
on
page
viii
.
"
Relay
and
fuse
positions
are
subject
to
changeand
may
varyfrom
car
to
car
.
If
questions
arise,
an
authorized
BMW
dealer
is
the
best
source
for
the
most
accurate
and
up-to-date
information
.
"
A
good
way
to
verify
a
relay
position
isto
com-
pare
the
wiring
colors
at
the
relay
socket
to
thecolors
indicated
on
the
wiring
diagrams
located
at
the
rear
of
this
manual
.
"
Always
switchthe
ignition
off
and
disconnect
the
negative
(-)
battery
cable
before
removing
any
electrical
components
.
"
Connect
and
disconnect
ignition
system
wires,
multiple
connectors,
and
ignition
test
equipment
leads
only
while
the
ignition
is
switched
off
.
"
Only
usea
digital
multimeter
for
electrical
tests
.
ELECTRICAL
COMPONENT
LOCATIONS
610-1
TABLES
a
.
E36Component
Locations
...........
.
.
..
...
610-10b
.
1992
E36
Fuse
Positions
..........
..
.
.
.....
610-20c
.
1993
E36
Fuse
Positions
..........
..
..
.
....
610-22d
.
1994
E36
Fuse
Positions
.........
...
.......
610-24e
.
1995
E36
Fuse
Positions
.........
...
.......
610-26
f
.
1996
E36
Fuse
Positions
.........
...
.......
610-28g
.
1997-1998
E36
Fuse
Positions
..
.
..
...
.......
610-30
Fuse
Positions
CAUTION
-
"
Replace
fuses
with
those
of
the
same
rating
.
In-
stalling
a
fuse
with
higher
rating
can
lead
to
cir-
cuit
failure
and
may
also
start
a
fire
.
"
Relay/fuse
positions
vary
by
model
and
equip-
ment
.
Fuses
number
1
through
46
are
mounted
in
the
front
power
distribution
box
.
See
Fig
.
1.
Fuses
31-46
~
Illlllllllll
°
-
Ilmmlmomlmoi
Fuses
1-20
(a
1
:1
E
El
~
~O!7
L~~n
4~
i
Fuses
21-30
Fig
.1.
Fuse
positions
1-46
in
front
power
distribution
box
.
0013034
FUSE
AND
RELAY
POSITIONS

Fig
.
5
.
Splice
panel
under
left
side
of
dash
.
SplicePanel,
Right
ir1!
1,
111lí~lll
.
'
ELECTRICAL
COMPONENT
LOCATIONS
610-3
0013091
1
.
Unloader
relay
4
.
Starter
immobilization
2
.
Wiper
relay
relay
(1994
only)
3
.
Wiper
motor
relay
F47
&
F50
Fuses47
and
50
The
right
splice
panel
contains
three
relay
positions
.
It
is
lo-
cated
under
the
right
side
of
the
dashboard
.
To
access
the
panel,
remove
theglove
compartment
as
de-
scribed
in
513
Interior
Trim
.
See
Fig
.
6
.
Fig
.
6
.
Splice
panel
under
right
side
of
dash
(arrow)
.
Glove
compart-
ment
and
right
side
vents
shown
removed
.
COMPONENT
LOCATIONS
On
the
following
pages
are
illustrations
and
photos
showing
the
location
of
major
electrical
components
in
E36
vehicles
.
NOTE-
-
Every
component
is
not
installed
in
everycar
.
"
Due
to
changes
in
production,
component
locations
may
vary
from
what
is
illustrated
.
Consult
your
BMW
dealer
for
the
latest
information
.
"
The
gear-position/neutral
safety
switch
ís
also
some-
times
referred
to
as
the
automatic
transmission
range
switch
.
"
The
EWS
11
system
is
also
sometimes
referred
to
as
the
Driveaway
Protection
System
or
the
electronic
im-
mobilization
system
.
"
All-Season
Traction
(AST)
is
also
sometimes
referred
to
as
ASC
or
ASC+T
.
COMPONENT
LOCATIONS