1992 BMW 318i 001

6
.
Disconnect
ABS
electrical
connectors
.
Label
and
then

disconnect
brake
lines
from
hydraulic
brake
unit
.
Plug

openíngs
.
See
Fig
.
12
.

~
~
A
1/
B
'1v
C
~
F

lu
11
-ri
J
.

0013244
A
.
Right
front



F



Front
from
master
cylinder
B
.
Leftfront



R
.
Rear
from
master
cylinder
C
.
Rear

Fig
.
12
.
Brake
fluid
linesat
ABS
hydraulic
unit
.

WARNING
-

"
On
cars
with
All
Season
Traction
(AST),
special
BMW
service
equipment
is
required
to
properly
bleed
the
Antilock
Brake
System
(ABS)
.
Removal
of
the
ABS
hydraulic
unit
is
not
recommended
un-
less
this
equipment
is
available
.
For
safetyrea-
sons,
the
brake
system
on
cars
with
ABS
must

not
be
bled
using
the
procedures
described
inthis
repair
group
.

"
Do
not
mix
up
the
fluid
fines
at
the
ABS
hydraulic
unit
Label
all
connections
before
disconnecting
.

7
.
Remove
ABS
hydraulic
unit
from
engine
compartment
.

8
.
Working
inside
car,
remove
panel(s)
frombeneath

steering
column
to
access
pedal
assembly
.
See513
In-

terior
Trim
.

12
.
Make
sure
al¡
nuts,
fluid
couplings,
thread
bores
and

mating
surfaces
are
clean
.

BRAKES
340-
9

0011261

Fig
.
13
.
Brake
pedal
clevispin
and
retaining
clip
(A)
.
Brake
booster
mounting
nuts
shown
at
arrows
.

13
.
If
necessary,
mount
master
cylinder
to
vacuum
booster

using
a
new
O-ríng
and
newself-locking
nuts
.

CAUTION-

Do
not
over-torque
the
master
cylinder
mounting
bolts
.
This
could
damage
the
brake
booster
and
prevent
proper
vacuum
build-up
.

14
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
Rmoval
.

"
Bleed
brakes
as
described
earlier
.

"
Check
and,
if
necessary,
adjust
brake
light
switch

above
brake
pedal
.

Tightening
Torques

"
Brakemaster
cylinder
to

brake
booster
...........
.
..
..
...
26
Nm
(18
ft-Ib)

"
Brake
booster
to
bulkhead
.
.
..
..
...
22
Nm
(16
ft-Ib)

"
Brake
fluidline
to
master
cylinder
or

ABS
hydraulic
unit
.......
.
..
17-19
Nm
(13-14
ft-lb)
9
.
Remove
clip
and
clevis
pin
from
brake
booster
pushrod

and
disconnect
it
from
brakepedal
.
Remove
brake

booster
mounting
nuts
.
See
Fig
.
13
.
NOTE-

10
.
Working
in
engine
compartment,
remove
brake
booster



When
replacing
the
brake
booster
one-way
valve
or
together
with
master
cylinder
.



vacuum
hose,
install
the
valve
so
that
the
molded
arrow

is
pointing
toward
the
intake
manifold
.
Use
new
hose

11
.
If
booster
or
master
cylinder
O-ring
is
being
replaced,



clamps
.

disconnect
master
cylinder
from
brake
booster
.

BRAKE
BOOSTER

340-
1
0
BRAKES

PARKING
BRAKE

The
parking
brake
is
a
brake
drum
system
integrated
into
the
rear
brake
rotors
.
See
Fig
.
14
.

Adjustment
of
the
shoes
may
benecessary
compensate
for
wear
.
The
parking
brake
should
also
be
adjusted
any
time
the
cable,
the
rear
brake
rotor,
or
the
parking
brake
shoes
are
re-
placed
.

Lower
Parking
brake



Parking
brake



retum
shoe
actuator
spring

Fig
.
14
.
Parking
brake
shoeassembly
.

Parking
brake,
adjusting

2
.
Raise
rearof
car
.

PARKING
BRAKE

Shoe
retainer



Rotor
with
and
spring



integrated
parking
brake

Shoe



drum
I

adjuster



Upper
return
spring

-í
<~
:
:

Rotor
mounting
screw

WARNING
-

Make
sure
the
car
is
firmly
supported
on
jack
stands
designed
for
the
purpose
.
Place
the
jack
stands
be-
neatha
structural
chassis
point
.
Do
not
placejack
stands
undersuspension
parts
.

0011265
3
.
Remove
one
lug
bolt
from
each
rear
wheel
.
Turnroad
wheel
until
lug
bolt
hole
lines
úp
with
parking
brake
ad-
juster
(approximately
65°
to
rear
of
wheel
centerline)
.
See
Fig
.
16
.

4
.
Usinga
screwdriver,
turn
adjusterto
expand
brake
shoes
until
road
wheel
canno
longer
turn,
then
back
adjuster
off
.
Repeatprocedureon
other
rear
wheel
.

Fig
.
15
.
Parking
brake
cable
adjustingnuts
(arrows)
.

The
parking
brake
can
be
adjusted
with
the
wheels
in-

stalled,
although
the
rear
wheels
will
have
to
be
raised
off
the



1



f
l



i\
aground
.

1
.
Lift
parking
brake
lever
boot
out
of
console
.
While
hold-
ing
cables
stationary,
loosen
parking
brake
cable
nuts
until
cablesare
completely
slack
.
See
Fig
.
15
.

0011263
0012727

Fig
.
16
.
Access
parking
brake
shoe
adjuster
approxímately
65°
to
rear
of
vertical
.
Use
flat-bladed
screwdriver
to
turnadjuster
.
On
left
wheel,
turn
adjuster
in
direction
1
to
expand
shoes
.
On
ríght
wheel,
turn
adjuster
in
direction
2
to
expand
shoes
.

Parking
Brake
Adjusting
(initial)

"
Back
off
adjuster
through
wheel
lug
bolt
hole
ex
.
M3
models
.........
..
...
...
.
...
.
18notches
M3
models
............
.
.....
..
..
..
.
.
8notches
5
.
Working
inside
car,
set
parking
brake
several
times
to
seat
cable
.
Then
pull
parking
brake
lever
up
four
notch-
es
.
Tighten
cable
adjusting
nuts
until
it
is
just
possible
to
turnrear
wheels
with
slight
resistance
.

6
.
Release
lever
and
make
sure
rear
wheels
turn
freely
.

7
.
Turn
on
ignition
.
Check
that
light
comes
on
as
soonas



4
.
Remove
parkíng
brake
shoes
as
described
above
.

lever
is
pulled
up
.
5
.
Disconnect
cable
from
parking
brake
actuator
and
then

8
.
Install
parking
brake
lever
boot
.
Install
road
wheel
lug



remove
parking
brakecable
from
cable
holder
on
trail-

bolts
.



ing
arm
.
See
Fig
.
17
.

Tightening
Torque

"
Road
wheel
to
hub
.
..
......
100±10
Nm
(74±7
ft-Ib)

Parking
brake
shoes,

removing
and
installing

1.
Raise
rear
of
car
andremove
road
wheels
.

WARNING
-

Make
sure
the
car
is
firmly
supportedon
jack
stands

designed
for
the
purpose
.
Place
the
jack
stands
be-

neath
a
structural
chassis
point
.
Do
not
place
jack

stands
undersuspension
parts
.

2
.
Without
disconnecting
brake
fluid
hose,
remove
rear

brake
calipers
from
trailing
arms
.
Remove
rear
brake

rotors
.
See
Brake
Pads,
Calipers
and
Rotors
.

CA
UTION-

Do
not
let
the
brake
caliper
assembly
hang
from

the
brake
hose
.
Support
caliper
from
chassis
with
strong
wire
.

3
.
Unhook
upper
return
spring
from
brake
shoes
.
Remove

shoe
retainers
bypushing
them
in
and
rotating
1
/4turn
.

BMW
special
tool
no
.
344
000
can
beused
to
remove

retainers,
if
needed
.

4
.
Spread
shoes
apart
and
lift
them
out
.



7
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
Adjust
parking
brake

as
described
earlier
.

NOTE-

When
removing
the
brake
shoes
the
shoe
expander
pivot
pin
in
the
brake
actuator
may
fall
out
.

Two
versions
of
the
Antilock
Brake
System
(ABS)
are
in-

5
.
Inspect
shoe
expander
to
make
sure
it
functions
prop-



stalled
onthe
cars
coveredby
this
manual
.
Early
cars
use
the

erly
.
Apply
a
thin
coat
of
grease
tosliding
parts
and



Teves
Mark
IV
G
ABS
.
Later
cars
use
the
Teves
Mark
20-I

pins
.



ABS
.
The
main
difference
between
the
two
systems
is
that
the

Mark
20-I
system
integrates
the
ABS
control
module
into
the

6
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
Be
sure
to
adjust



hydraulic
unit
as
a
single
component
.

parking
brake
cables
as
described
earlier
.

ABS
is
designed
to
be
maintenance
free
.
There
are
noad
Parking
brake
cable,
replacing



justments
that
canbe
made
to
the
system
.
Repair
and
trouble-

shooting
of
the
major
ABS
components
requires
special
test

1
.
Raise
rear
of
car
and
remove
road
wheels
.



equipment
and
knowiedge
and
should
be
done
by
an
autho-

rized
BMW
dealer
.

2
.
Remove
rear
brake
caliper
and
rotor
.
See
Brake
Pads,

Calipers
and
Rotors
.

3
.
Working
inside
car,
lift
parking
brake
lever
boot
out
of

console
.
Remove
cable
adjusting
nut
.
Refer
to
Fig
.
15
.

Fig
.
17
.
Parking
brake
cable
insertion
point
in
rear
trailing
arm
(arrow)
.

6
.
Slide
cable
out
of
housing
.

NOTE
-

BRAKES
340-
1
1

On
some
models
it
may
be
necessary
to
remove
rear

muffler
to
access
the
brake
cabes)
.

ANTILOCK
BRAKE
SYSTEM
(ABS)

0013209

ANTILOCK
BRAKE
SYSTEM
(ABS)

340-
1
2
BRAKES

ABS
is
self-tested
by
the
ABS
diagnostic
unit
each
time
the
car
is
started
.
Once
the
test
is
complete,
the
ABS
dashboard
light
tucos
off
.
If
the
light
remains
lit
or
comes
on
at
any
time
during
driving,
a
system
fault
has
occurred
and
ABS
is
elec-
tronically
disabled
.
The
conventional
braking
systemremains
fully
functioning
.

ABS
Inspection

A
visual
inspection
of
the
ABS
may
help
to
locate
system
faults
.
If
no
visual
faults
can
befound
and
the
ABS
light
re-
mains
on,
have
the
system
diagnosedbyan
authorized
BMW
dealer
.

Carefully
inspect
the
entire
ABS
wiring
harness,
particularly

the
pulse
sensorharnesses
and
connectors
near
each
wheel
.

Look
for
chafing
or
damage
due
to
incorrectly
routed
wires
.

Carefully
remove
the
wheelspeed
sensors
.
Clean
the
sen-



Fig
.
18
.
Front
ABS
pulse
sensor
mounting
bolt
(arrow)
.
sor
tips
.
Inspect
the
toothed
wheel
on
thewheel
hub
.
Check
for
missing,
clogged
or
corroded
teeth,
or
other
damage
that
could
alter
the
clearance
between
the
sensor
tip
and
the
toothed
wheel
.

NOTE-

If
a
toothed
ring
is
damaged,
the
entire
wheel
hub
mustbe
reptaced
.
See
310
Front
Suspension
or330
Rear
Suspension
.

ABS
wheel
speed
sensors,
replacing

1
.
Raise
applicable
end
of
car
.

WARNING
-

Make
sure
thecar
is
firmly
supportedon
jack
stands
designed
for
the
purpose
.
Place
the
jack
stands
be-
neath
a
structural
chassis
point
Do
not
place
jack
stands
under
suspension
parts
.

2
.
Unscrew
wheelspeed
sensor
mounting
bolt
.
Remove
sensor
from
its
housing
.
See
Fig
.
18
.
Remove
harnessfrom
retaining
mounts
.

3
.
Front
ABS
sensor
:
Working
in
front
wheel
housing,
dis-
connect
and
remove
sensor
.
See
Fig
.
19
.

4
.
Rear
ABS
sensor
:
Working
in
rear
wheel
housing,
dis-
connect
andremove
sensor
.

5
.
During
installation,
apply
thin
coat
of
Molykote
0
Long-
term
2
or
an
equivalent
grease
to
pulse
sensor
and
housing
.

ANTILOCK
BRAKE
SYSTEM
(ABS)

0012122
Fig
.
19
.
Front
ABS
wheel
speed
electrical
connector
(arrow)
in
wheel
well
.

6
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.

GENERAL
.
....
.
.
.
.
.
.......
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
400-1



INTERIOR
EQUIPMENT
......
.
.
.
.......
400-4
Seats
and
Seatbelts
.
.
.
.
.
.
.....
.
.
.
.
.
..
.
..
400-4
BODY
ASSEMBLY
.
.
.
.
.
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.400-2



Instruments
and
Controls
.
..
....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
400-4

Exterior
and
Aerodynamics
....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
400-2



Central
Body
Electronics
.......
.
.
.
...
.
...
400-5

Coupe
Models
..
.
.
.
.
.
.......
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
..
400-3



Electronic
Immobilization
System
.
.
.
...
.
...
400-5

Convertible
Models
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
..
400-3



Heating
and
Air
Conditioning
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
400-6

GENERAL

This
section
covers
system
descriptions
and
general
ser-

vice
information
for
the
repair
groupsfound
in
4
Body
and
5

Body
Equipment
.

When
working
or
servicing
cars
equipped
with
SRS
air-

bag(s),
the
following
precautions
must
be
observed
to
prevent

injury
.

F19
.1
.
The
BMW
E36
coupe
.

400
Body-General

BODY-GENERAL
400-1

WARNING
-

"
Airbags
are
inflated
by
an
explosivedevice
.
Han-dled
improperly
or
without
adequate
safeguards,
airbag
units
can
be
very
dangerous
.
Special
pre-cautions
must
be
observed
prior
to
any
work
ator
near
the
driver's
side
airbag,
the
passenger's
side
airbag
(where
applicable),
or
the
side-impact
aírbags
(where
applicable)
.
See
721
Airbag
Sys-
tem
(SRS)
.

"
Always
disconnect
the
battery
and
cover
the
neg-
ative
(-)
battery
terminalwith
an
insulator
before
starting
diagnostic,
troubleshooting
or
service
work
oncars
fitted
with
SRS,
and
before
doíng
any
welding
on
the
car
.

0013098

GENERAL

400-2
BODY-GENERAL

4-door
Sedan

Coupe

-
saas3
.7""

351
/



37
.3
O



I
x
`-193



267

o
oa

'3281
model
"M3
model

Convertible

BODYASSEMBLY

55
ass
.e
iss
""
-
66
.9
-

Fig
.
2
.



E36
body
dimensíons
.

BODY
ASSEMBLY

29
.4

29
4

The
BMW
3
Series
chassis
is
a
unibodydesign
constructed
ofhigh
strength
steel
.
Attaching
parts,
suchas
the
front
fend-
ers,
rear
quarter
panels,
doors,
trunk
lid
and
hood
are
also
constructed
of
steel
.

706
.31108
.7"



I
38
.5
174
.5

174
.5

O



oo

196
.3/106
.7'
"



35_5



1.
.
55
.9,566
".

106
.3/196
.7""



i.
358
-1745-

55
9/56
3'/56
6"
-
J

0013099

Windows
bonded
flush
to
the
body
and
the
guided
flow
of
cooling
air
into
the
engine
compartment
provide
a
good
coeffi-
cient
of
drag(CD)
.
TheE36
cars
have
a
CD
of
approximately
0
.30for
the
sedan
and
coupe
models,
and
0
.35
for
the
con-
vertible
models
:

The
exterior
panels
are
corrosion-resistant
zinc
coated

steel
.
The
front
fenders
are
bolted
on
and
easily
replaceabie
.
The
body
styles
of
E36
cars
coveredby
this
manual
arethe



See410
Fenders,
Engine
Hood
.
4-door
sedan,
2-door
coupe
and
convertible
.
Body
dimen-
sions
vary
slightly
betweenmodels
.
See
Fig
.
2
.



The
front
and
rear
bumpers
use
an
aluminum
framework
with
an
overlaid
high-impact,
deformable
plastic
cover
.
This
Exterior
and
Aerodynamics



bumper
system
keeps
damage
to
a
minimum
in
head-on
colli-
sions
of
up
to
10
m
.p
.h
.
(15
km/h)
.
See
510
Exterior
Trim,
TheE36
can
be
immediatelyrecognized
asa
typical
BMW
.



Bumpers
.
With
its
traditionalstyling
features,
suchas
the
BMW
kidney
grille,
circular
headlights
behind
a
glass
cover
(for
reasons
of
streamliníng),
and
the
"kick"
in
the
rearmost
roof
pillar
(C-pil-
lar)
.

400-
4
BODY-GENERAL

INTERIOR
EQUIPMENT

E36
interiors
have
a
unique
character,
with
a
combínation
of
sporty
features
and
innovative
design
.
Al¡
body
versions
were
made
in
a
wide
choice
of
interior
and
exterior
colors
.
New

colors
with
matching
leather
and/or
fabric
upholstery
were
in-
troduced
for
each
model
year,
including
light-alloy
wheels
in
new
designs
.

Driving
comfort
is
enhanced
by
power
steering,
tilt
steering
wheel
(optional),
height-adjustable
front
seats,
and
electrical-
ly
adjustable
and
heated
rear-view
mirrors
.
Inside
thecar
there
are
reading
lights
at
four
seating
positions
.

Seats
and
Seat
Belts



NOTE-

Theseat
base
usedon
cars
with
pyrotechnic
seatbelt

Anatom¡cal
ly-correct
seats
are
constructed
from
polyure-



tensioners
is
not
interchangeable
with
the
earlier
seat

thane
foam
containing
areas
or
"zones"
of
different
firmness
.



base
.

The
seat
bases
have
steel
springs
for
added
support
and
strength
.
The
power
seats
are
provided
with
conveniently
lo-



Instruments
and
Controls
cated
switches
along
the
outside
edge
of
the
seat
.
Heated
seats
are
an
option
in
all
models
.
See
520
Seats
for
more
de-



Everything
in
the
interior
passenger
compartment
essential
tails
.



to
the
driver
is
logically
grouped
and
easy
to
reach
.
Al¡
instru-
ments
and
controls
havebeen
arranged
ergonomically
and
The
M3
sport
seat
is
shown
in
Fig
.
3
.



are
fully
integrated
into
the
overall
design
of
the
vehicle
.

Fig
.
3
.



M3
sport
seat
.

INTERIOR
EQUIPMENT

0013195

The
early
E36
cars
areequipped
with
a
single
(driver
side)
airbag
in
the
steering
wheel
.
Startingwith
the
1994
models,
a
dual
airbag
Supplemental
Restraint
System
has
been
stan-
dard
equipment
.
Side-impact
airbags
in
the
front
doors
are
op-
tional
in
1997
4-door
cars
and
standard
equipment
in
all
1998
models
.

Through
1996,
E36
seatbelts
were
equipped
with
BMW's
original-designspring
tensioners
.
In
1997,
the
seat
base
de-
sign
was
modified
to
accommodate
a
pyrotechnic
(explosive
charge)
seatbelt
tensioner
.
Both
types
of
tensioners
arede-
signed
to
automatically
tension
the
belts
by
about2
inches(55
mm)
in
the
event
of
a
collision
.

The
padded
dashboard
houses
the
instrument
cluster
and
the
ventilation
and
heating
system
.
The
instrument
cluster
uses
large
easy-to-read
analog
instruments
and
is
removable
as
a
unit
without
removing
the
dashboard
.
The
Service
Inter-
val
Indicator
(SII)
will
remind
the
driver
when
thecar
requires
service
.
See
620
Instruments
.

The
Multi-Information
Display
(MID)
unit
in
thecenter
of
the
dashboard
comes
in
a
variety
of
four
configurations,
the
most
advanced
being
the
On-Board
Computer
(OBC)
.
See
Fig
.
4
.

Al¡
versions
of
the
MID
have
a
clock
and
calendar
.
In
addi-
tion,
different
versions
areequipped
with
a
"check
control,"

display
for
fuel-economy
information
and
system
warnings
.
Consult
the
owner's
manual
for
fui¡
operating
instructions
.

Ambient
temperaturelclock

MÍM
Aa
.Mi}rm
-Mil"
IMua~naa~u~itacar
"
za
.~

Central
Body
Electronics

0013028

Fig
.
4
.



Different
versionsof
Multi-information
Display(MID)
installed
in
E36
cars
.

The
E36
cars
are
equipped
with
a
sophisticated
centralized

body
electric/electronics
plan
.
The
system
is
self-diagnostic

and
incorporates
many
functions
into
a
single
control
module
.

The
consolidation
of
several
systems
into
a
single
control

module
minimizes
power
requirements
and
the
incorporation

of
the
diagnostic
link
results
in
more
efficient
and
accurate

troubleshooting
.

Self-diagnostic
codes
are
accessible
electronically
through

the
data-link
connector
in
the
engine
compartment
.
See610

Electrical
Component
Locations
.

BODY-GENERAL
400-
5

Two
versions
of
central
body
electronics
are
used
depend-

ing
on
model
year
.

1992
and
1993
models
are
equipped
with
a
central
locking

module
(ZVM)
which
incorporates
control
of
the
following
sys-

tems
:

"Interiorlighting
"
Central
locking
with
double
lock
feature

"
Output
relays
for
powerwindows
and
sunroof

"
Electronic
power
protection

E36
cars
since
the
1994
model
year
are
equipped
with
ZKE

IV
.
This
is
an
electronic
comfort
and
convenience
system
that

includes
the
following
additional
features
:

"
One
touch
up/down
power
window
operation

"
Power
window
and
sunroof
closure
from
driver
or
pas-

sengerdoor
lock

"
Vehicle
locking
or
unlocking
from
the
trunk
lock
.

Other
features
of
the
system
are
discussed
in
515
Central

Locking
and
Anti-Theft
.

Electronic
Immobilization
System

Beginning
in
model
year
1994,
all
E36
vehicles
incorporate

adriveaway
protection
system
regardless
of
whether
the
vehi-

cle
is
equipped
with
a
BMW
Alarm
System
or
an
On-Board

computer
.
Two
types
of
factory
systems
were
installed,
de-
pending
on
vehicle
production
date
.

On
the
early
system
(model
year
1994
up
to
January
1995),

the
ignition
and
fuel
injection
functions
are
disabled
whenever

the
vehicle
is
locked
in
the
double
lock
mode
.
This
is
referred

lo
as
EWS
or
EWS
I
.

Beginning
in
January
1995,
the
driveaway
protection
sys-

tem
was
upgraded
to
a
more
sophisticated
system,
called

EWS
II
.
This
system
uses
a
wireless
communication
link
be-

tween
a
transponder
chip
in
the
ignition
keyand
the
ring
an-

tenna
surrounding
the
ignition
switch
.
The
EWS
II
control

module
blocksthe
starting
of
the
vehicle
unlessthe
correct

coded
ignition
key
is
used
.

For
further
information
about
drive
away
protection
sys-

tems,
see
515
Central
Locking
and
Anti-Theft
.

INTERIOR
EQUIPMENT