1987 NISSAN PULSAR check engine

162 Front Suspension
the ball joint or bushes as described later in this
section.

Installation is a reversal of the removal procedure
with attention to the following points:

(1) When installing the control arm bush
bracket, ensure that the protrusion on the bracket is
towards the inside of the vehicle.
(2) Do not fully tighten the control arm bush
bolts and through bolt nut until the curb weight of the
vehicle is on the suspension.
NOTE: Curb weight is with the vehicle
unladen except for a full tank of fuel and
normal amounts of oil and water and with
the spare lyre, jack and hand tools in their
normal positions.

(3) Tighten the ball joint nut to the specified
torque and retain with a new split pin.

TO CHECK AND RENEW BALL JOINT
(1) Remove the control arm from the vehicle as
previously described.

(2) Install the ball joint nut and turn the ball
joint at least ten revolutions to ensure that the ball
joint is correctly seated. (3) Using a spring scale with the hook placed
over the split pin hole, check the ball joint swinging
torque. A new ball joint should measure 15.7-80.4 N
and a used ball joint should measure 7.8-80.4 N.
Renew the ball joint if necessary. (4) Using a small torque wrench or preload
gauge, measure the force requi red to rotate the ball
joint. A new ball joint should measure between
1.0-4.9 Nm and a used ball joint should measure
between 0.5-4.9 Nm. Renew the ball joint if neces-
sary.

(5) To renew the ball joint, remove the snap ring
from the stud end of the ball joint using snap ring
pliers. (6) Support the control arm in a press, ball joint
stud uppermost, with a suitable tube that is large
enough for the ball joint to pass through. (7) Press the ball joint out from the control arm.
(8) Press a new ball joint into the control arm
using a suitable tube that pushes on the outer circum-
ference of the joint only.
(9) Install the snap ring and install the
control
arm to the vehicle as previously described.

TO RENEW CONTROL ARM BUSHES
(1) Remove the control arm from the vehicle as
previously described. Mark the position of the rear
control arm bush. (2) To remove the rear control arm bush use a
bearing puller and a press. When installing the bush
use a suitable tube that pushes on the inner edge of the
bush only. NOTE: Ensure that the bush is installed
with the flat portion in its original location.

(3)
To remove the front control arm bush use a
suitable tube that pushes on the outer circumference
of the bush and a split tu be supporting the control
arm. (4) After the bush has been pressed out approx-
imately half way, cut the protruding part of the bush
using a hacksaw. Cutting the bush in this way will
allow removal.
(5) Support the control arm and push the new
bush in from the outside using a suitable tube that
pushes on the outer circumference only. (6) Install the control ar m to the vehicle as
previously described.
6. STABILISER BAR
TO REMOVE AND INSTAL
(1) Raise the front of the vehicle and support it
on chassis stands.

(2) Remove the bolts at the flexible joint retain-
ing the front engine pipe to the exhaust pipe located
below the stabilizer bar. (3) Remove the bolt from the exhaust pipe
mounting below the stabilizer bar. Disconnect the
exhaust pipe at the flexible joint and allow the front of
the pipe to hang down. (4) Remove the stabilizer bar bracket retaining
bolts and remove the stabilizer bar brackets from the
vehicle. (5) Remove the stabilizer bar lower link nuts
from each control arm. When removing the lower nuts
it may be necessary to hold the upper nuts with a
spanner.
(6) Maneuver the stabilizer bar from the
vehicle.
Installation is a reversal of the removal procedure
with attention to the following points:

(1) Ensure that the stabilizer bar mounting rub-
bers are in a serviceable condition and secure in the
mounting brackets.

Dismantled view of one end of the stabilizer bar.

172
BRAKES
SPECIFICATIONS
Type:
Except Pulsar/Vector GL from
July 1989 and Astra models ... Four wheel disc
Pulsar/Vector GL from
July 1989 and Astra models —
Front...............................................................Disc
Rear..............................................................Drum
Operation:
Footbrake ............... Vacuum assisted diagonally
split dual hydraulic
Handbrake................ Mechanical on rear wheels

Fluid type ...........................................................Dot 4
Master cylinder:
Make ........................................................ Girlock
Bore diameter —
Large .................................................... 25.40 mm
Small .................................................... 20.64 mm
Front disc brakes:
Caliper bore diameter ........................... 48.1 mm
Disc diameter ........................................ 240 mm
Disc thickness, minimum ......................... 16 mm
Disc runout, maximum ......................... 0.07 mm
Disc pad thickness, minimum ....................2 mm
Rear disc pads:
Caliper bore diameter ......................... 30.16 mm
Disc diameter ........................................ 234 mm
Disc thickness, minimum ...........................9 mm
Disc runout, maximum .......................... 0.07 mm
Disc pad thickness, minimum ....................2 mm
Rear drum brakes:
Wheel cylinder bore diameter ............ 15.87 mm
Drum diameter, maximum ............... 204.50 mm
Drum out of round, maximum.............. 0.03 mm
Drum runout, maximum ........................ 0.05 mm
Brake lining wear limit ........................... 1.5 mm
TORQUE WRENCH SETTINGS
Brake pedal bracket to body........................... 11 Nm
Brake pedal pivot bolt ..................................... 11 Nm
Brake servo unit to body................................. I I N m
Brake servo unit to master cylinder ............... 11 Nm
Pressure differential piston plug ...................... 12 Nm
Proportioning valve plug................................. 27 Nm
Caliper anchor plate bolts ............................... 52 Nm
Caliper guide bolts .......................................... 31 Nm
Brake hose to caliper....................................... 34 Nm
Handbrake cable bracket bolt ......................... 49 Nm
Handbrake lever to body ................................ 11 Nm
Cable clamp to body....................................... 11 Nm
Cam lever nut.................................................. 49 Nm
1. BRAKES TROUBLE SHOOTING
BRAKE PEDAL HARD
(1) Seized caliper piston or wheel cylinder: Over-
haul the caliper or wheel cylinder.
(2) Seized master cylinder piston: Overhaul the
master cylinder. (3) Seized pedal pivot: Rectify or renew the
pedal pivot shaft and bushes. (4) Restricted brake line: Remove the restriction
or renew the brake line.
(5) Vacuum servo system inoperative: Check
and repair the servo system.
NOTE: The vacuum servo system can be
checked as follows: With the engine
switched off, pump the brake pedal several
times to deplete any vacuum in the system.
With the engine still switched off, press
down firmly on the brake pedal and hold it
there noting the position and pressure re-
quired. Start the engine. If the servo unit is
operating correctly, the brake pedal will sink
slightly and the pressure required to hold it
may reduce. If the pedal does not sink
slightly when the engine is started, check the
vacuum supply to the servo unit. If vacuum
is reaching the brake servo unit, the unit can
be considered inoperative.

BRAKE DRAG
(1) Clogged master cylinder ports: Clean the
master cylinder and the fluid reservoir. Renew the
brake fluid. (2) Seized caliper piston or wheel cylinder: Over-
haul the caliper or wheel cylinder.
(3) Seized handbrake linkage: Free up or renew
the linkage.

Brakes 177
installed. Install the second back up ring, large
diam-
eter first.

(6) Install the second garter spring. Insert
a
machined drift into the bore and lightly push the
garter spring into its locating groove.
(7) Smear the secondary piston with clean brake
fluid. Ease the seal over the piston body into the
groove adjacent to the spring, ensuring that the seal lip
faces the spring and that the nylon spacer is against
the back of the seal. (8) Install the guide onto the secondary
piston,
large internal diameter first, followed by the main seal
with the lip facing away from the spring. (9) Lubricate the secondary piston assembly
with clean brake fluid and install the secondary spring
and retainer to the piston. Install the complete assem-
bly into the master cylinder bore. (10) Smear the primary piston with clean brake
fluid. Install the guide, large internal diameter first,
followed by the main seal with the lip facing towards
the small end of the piston.
(11) Install the retainer to the spigot on the front
end of the primary piston ensuring that the legs of the
retainer engage with the groove on the piston. (12) Lubricate the primary piston assembly with
clean brake fluid and install the assembly into the
master cylinder bore. With a blunt rod, push the
assembly down the bore sufficiently to preload the
pistons. While holding the preload, install the stop pin
and valve assemblies into
the master cylinder body and tighten securely. (13) Install a new O ring to the groove on the boss
of the mounting flange of the master cylinder.
(14) Install new O rings to th e pressure differential
pistons, smear them with cl ean brake fluid and install
them into the master cylinder body. (15) Install a new O ring to the pressure differen-
tial end plug, install the plug to the master
cylinder
body and tighten to the specified torque. (16) Using a blunt probe entered through the
sensing switch location hole, separate the pressure
differential pistons and install the switch actuating
lever between them. (17) Screw the sensing switch into its locating
hole until the detents on the switch body just contact
the locating hole facing (w ith the radial grooves).
Screw the switch assembly in a further half to one full
turn ensuring that the dete nts locate in the grooves.
(18) Install new valve seal s to the proportioning
valve plungers, with the serrations of the seals facing
away from the hexagons of the plungers.
(19) Install the new O rings to the
proportioning
valve plugs. (20) Install the valve springs over the stems of the
proportioning valves, insert the install the valve
plugs.
Tighten the plugs to the specified torque.
(21) Install a new O ring to the base of the fast fill
valve assembly. Install a new valve washer to the base
of the valve.
(22) Install the fast fill valve assembly in
the
primary reservoir port (nearest to the mounting flange
of the master cylinder) and install the snap ring
to
retain the assembly. Ensure that the snap ring is
correctly seated in the groove. (23) Smear the new reservoir retainers with clean
brake fluid and install them into the reservoir ports.
Carefully press the brake fluid reservoir into position,
ensuring that the outlet extensions are fully inserted in
the reservoir retainers. (24) Install the reservoir cap insert to the dia-
phragm and press the cap assembly onto the reservoir.
TO INSTAL

Installation is a reversal of the removal procedure
with attention to the following points:

(1) Pour a small amount of clean brake fluid into
the reservoir and pump the master cylinder pistons
with a blunt rod until fluid begins to emerge from the
outlets. (2) Install the master cylinder to the brake servo
unit and loosely install the master cylinder retaining
nuts. (3) Connect the brake pipes to the master cylin-
der outlets, but do not tighten at this stage. (4) Securely tighten the nuts retaining the master
cylinder to the brake servo unit.
(5) Securely tighten the brake pipes and connect
the wiring to the pressure sensing switch.

(6) Fill the master cylinder reservoir with clean
brake fluid and bleed the brakes as described under
the Hydraulic System heading. (7) Check and if necessary adjust the brake
pedal height and free play as described under the
Brake Pedal heading.
4. BRAKE SERVO UNIT

TO CHECK OPERATION
(1) With the engine switched off, apply the
footbrake several times to exhaust all vacuum from
the system.
(2) Apply the footbrake and hold the brake pedal
fully depressed.
(3) Start the engine. If the servo unit is function-
ing satisfactorily a distinct downward movement of
the
brake pedal should be noticed. Should the pedal fail to move downward when the
engine has been started, the vacuum system can be
considered inoperative.

NOTE: If the pedal continues to fall away
there is a fault in the hydraulic system.

(4) Ensure that the brake pedal is fully released,
start the engine and run it at medium speed. Stop the
engine.

178 Brakes

Let the vehicle stand for 1-2 minutes, press the
brake pedal two or three times and check its opera-
tion.

If there is no vacuum assistance, the vacuum
system has developed a leak or the one way check
valve is defective.

NOTE: Before removing the servo unit from
the vehicle for inspection, disconnect the
hose from the servo unit, start the engine
and check that the manifold vacuum is in
fact reaching the servo unit. Also test the one
way check valve as described below,

TO TEST ONE WAY CHECK VALVE
(1) Disconnect the hose and remove the check
valve from the servo unit.

(2) Check the valve for sticking. Suction on the
manifold side should allo w air to flow freely. Air
blown into the valve from the manifold side should
not be able to flow through the valve. (3) Install the valve and check the operation
of
the servo unit as previously described.
NOTE: Check that there are no air leaks at
the hose connections and that the hose clips
are tight. Also check that the hose is not
bulged or collapsed due to deterioration.


Checking for vacuum at the servo unit. The engine
must be running for this test.
TO REMOVE
(1) Raise the bonnet and install covers to both
front mudguards.

(2) On 1.6 liter models, remove the air cleaner
assembly from the vehicle. If necessary refer to the
Fuel System section.
(3) On vehicles equipped with power steering,
remove the reservoir from the bulkhead and move it
to one side. If necessary refer to the Steering section.
(4) Disconnect the vacuum supply hose from the
servo unit.

View of the brake servo unit and associated compo-
nents.
(5) Remove the master cylinder as described
under the Master Cylinder heading. (6) Working inside the vehicle, remove the clip
and clevis pin connecting the pushrod to the brake
pedal. (7) Remove the nuts retaining the servo unit to
the bulkhead and maneuver the servo unit and
spacer block from the vehicle.
TO INSTAL

Installation is a reversal of the removal procedure
with attention to the following points:

(1) With the servo unit and master cylinder
installed to the vehicle, bleed the hydraulic system as
described under the Hydr aulic System heading.
(2) Check and if necessary adjust the brake
pedal height and free play as described under the
Brake Pedal heading.
5. FRONT BRAKES
Special Equipment Required:
To Check Disc Runout — Dial gauge
To Check Disc Thickness — Micrometer

TO CHECK AND RENEW BRAKE PADS
(1) Raise the front of the vehicle and place it on
chassis stands. Remove the front wheels.

(2) Inspect the brake pads on both sides of the
vehicle. If the friction material on one or more of the
pads is less than 2 mm thick or contaminated with
fluid or grease, renew the brake pads as a set as
follows.
NOTE: If the brake pads are contaminated,
trace and rectify the cause prior to installing
the new set of pads.

(3) Drain approximately two thirds of the brake
fluid from the master cylinde r reservoir. This can be
done by loosening the bleeder valve on the caliper and
allowing the fluid to drai n into a container. Discard
this fluid.

190
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
CAUTION: To prevent severe electrical shock extreme care must be taken when
working on or near the electronic ignition system as dangerous high tension voltages
are produced in both the primary and secondary circuits. See the text fo\
r
precautionary notes.

SPECIFICATIONS
BATTERY
Type ..................................................12 volt lead acid
Polarity to earth .................................... Negative ( - )
Specific gravity:
Fully charged ................................... A bove 1.250
Fully discharged ................................Below 1.130
ALTERNATOR
Make .................................................Bosch or Hitachi
Maximum output .......................................... 70 amps
Polarity to earth .................................... Negative ( - )
Stator windings ......................................... Star wound
Regulator type ................................................ Integral
Brush length minimum:
Bosch ........................................................ 5.0 mm
Hitachi ............................. 6.0 mm or limit mark
STARTER MOTOR
Make .................................................Hitach i or Bosch
Type ............................ 4 pole 4 brush reduction gear
Operation control.................................. Solenoid and
overrunning clutch
Undercut of commutator (maximum):
Hitachi ...................................................... 0.8 mm
Brush length (minimum):
Bosch ........................................................ 8.0 mm
Hitachi ........................................................11 mm
Brush spring tension;
Hitachi ............................................... 15.7-19.6 N
Hitachi:
Drive pinion stopper clearance ........ 0.3-1.5 mm
Selective fit adjuster plates ........ 0.5 and 0.8 mm
IGNITION SYSTEM
The ignition system is an integral part of the
engine management system. The Specifications, testing
and overhaul procedures are fully covered in the Fuel
and Engine Management section.

TORQUE WRENCH SETTINGS
Alternator pulley retaining nut:
Bosch ......................................................... 50 Nm
Hitachi ....................................................... 59 Nm
1. BATTERY AND CHARGING SYSTEM
TROUBLE SHOOTING

BATTERY UNDERCHARGED
3. Loose or broken drive belt: Adjust or renew
the drive belt. 4. Faulty alternator regulator; Renew the regu-
lator unit.
5. Faulty battery: Install a new battery of
the
recommended type and capacity. 6. Faulty alternator: Overhaul or renew the
alternator. 7. Fault in the charging circuit wiring: Check
and repair or renew the wiring harness. 8. Faulty connections in the charging circuit:
Check and repair the connections. 9. Fusible link blown; Rectify the fault and
renew as necessary.
NOTE: Check the state of charge (specific
gravity) of the battery- as described under
the
Battery heading in this section. If the battery
is undercharged, check the possible causes in
the order given.

BATTERY OVERCHARGED
• Faulty alternator regulator unit:
Renew the
regulator unit.
• Faulty alternator: Overhaul or
renew the
alternator. • Faulty charging circuit wiring or
connec-
tions: Check and renew or repair the faulty
compo-
nents.
NOTE: An overcharged battery is indicated
by continual loss of water through boiling.

Electrical System 191
This is usually accompanied by discoloura-
tion of the electrolyte.

CHARGE INDICATOR LAMP REMAINS ON
• Loose or broken alternator drive belt: Adjust
or renew the drive belt.
• Faulty regulator unit: Check and renew the
regulator unit. • Faulty alternator: Check and overhaul the
alternator. • Short to earth in the warning lamp circuit:
Check and repair the circuit.

Checking the alternator drive belt for deterioration.
CHARGE INDICATOR LAMP DOES NOT
OPERATE

• Lamp bulb blown: Check and renew the
faulty bulb. • Open circuit in the wi ring or bulb socket:
Check and rectify the open circuit. • Faulty alternator diode: Overhaul the alter-
nator.
NOISE IN DRIVE BELT OR ALTERNATOR

(1) Drive belt frayed or out of alignment with
the pulleys: Renew the drive bell or align the pulleys.

• Loose alternator moun ting bolts or worn
bearings: Tighten the mounting bolts or renew the
bearings. • Loose alternator pulley: Tighten the pulley
retaining nut.
• Faulty alternator: Overhaul or renew the
alternator. • Faulty diodes in the alternator: Overhaul the
alternator, install a new heat sink.
NOTE: To check if the noise is in the
alternator or drive belt, loosen the alternator
and remove the drive belt. If the noise is
gone when the engine is run for a short time
check the serviceability of the belt and
alternator components.

2. BATTERY AND STARTING SYSTEM TROUBLE SHOOTING

STARTER LACKS POWER TO CRANK ENGINE
(1) Battery undercharged: Check the charging
system and rectify as necessary.


Cleaning the battery terminals using a battery post
cleaner.
• Battery faulty, will not hold charge: Check
and renew the battery. • Battery leads or terminals loose or corroded:
Clean and tighten the leads or terminals.
• Faulty starter motor: Check and overhaul the
starter motor. • Faulty starter solenoid switch or contacts:
Check and renew the solenoid as necessary.
STARTER WILL NOT ATTEMPT TO CRANK
ENGINE

(1 ) Open circuit in the starting system : Check
for dirty or loose leads or terminals, dirty commuta-
tor, faulty solenoid or faulty switch. On automatic
Spin the alternator pulley over by hand to check the
bearings for noise.

192 Electrical System
transaxle models, check for a faulty or incorrectly
adjusted neutral safety switch.

1. Discharged battery: Check for a fault or short
circuit in the system. 2. Battery fully charged but will not crank
engine. Check for a locked drive and ring gear,
internal starter faul t or seized engine.
3. Fusible link blown: Check and repair the
cause and renew as necessary.
NOTE: Rotate the engine by hand to ensure
that the starter drive is not locked with the
flywheel ring gear and t hat the engine is not
seized. Ensure that the ignition key is
turned off before rotating the engine.

3. LIGHTING SYSTEM TROUBLE SHOOTING
LAMP OR LAMPS FAIL TO LIGHT
1. Faulty bulb(s): Check and renew the faulty
bulb(s). 2. Open circuit in the wiring or connections:
Check the lamp circuits and rectify as necessary.

1. Faulty lamp switch: Check and if necessary
renew the lamp switch. 2. Faulty fuse or fuse connection: Repair the
fuse connection or renew the fuse. 3. Lamp relay faulty: Check and renew as
necessary.
NOTE: Switch on the lamps concerned and
using a test lamp, check that the lamp
circuits are operating. This is best done by
starting at the lamp wiring connector or
bulb holder and work ing back to the power
source.

LAMP OR LAMPS INCORRECTLY
ILLUMINATED

1. Lamp or lamps incorrectly earthed: Check
the lamp earth for loosene ss or clean the contact,
either at the lamp body or wire.
2. Incorrect bulbs installe d: Check the bulb
wattage and voltage and renew with the correct type if
necessary. 3. Dirty or damaged lamp reflector: Clean or
renew the lamp reflector. 4. Faulty bulb: Check with a known serviceable
bulb and renew if necessary. 5. Dirty lamp lens: Clean or renew the lamp
lens. 6. High resistance or faulty connections be-
tween the alternator and battery: Check the circuit
and rectify th e condition.
7. Poor earth connection between the battery
and the engine or alternat or: Check the battery earth
lead and the strap between the engine and the body. 8. Voltage regulator faulty: Check and renew
the voltage regulator.
NOTE: The most common cause for this
condition is dirty t erminals on the earth
leads. Check all earth leads at their earthing
points.

4. TURN SIGNAL LAMP TROUBLE SHOOTING
TURN SIGNAL LAMP DOES NOT LIGHT AND
NO AUDIBLE NOISE FROM FLASHER UNIT

(1) Fuse blown: Rectify the fault and renew the
fuse.

(2) The Flasher unit is faulty: Renew the unit
(3) Turn signal switch faulty: Renew the switch
(4) Fault in the wiring circuit: Check and repair
the fault.

TURN SIGNAL WARNING LAMP DOES NOT
FLASH BUT AUDIBLE CLICKING FROM
FLASHER UNIT

(1) Warning lamp bulb blown: Check and renew
the bulb.

Checking the rear combination lamp circuit using a test
lamp.
Checking the headlamp circuit using a test lamp.

196 Electrical System



Check the specific gravity in each cell with a hydro-
meter.
Check the battery electrolyte level and re-
plenish as necessary. Remove the filler cap s from the battery.
Follow the battery charger manufacturers
instructions. (3) Should the battery fail to operate satisfacto-
rily after charging, it is recommended that it be taken
to a workshop with the necessary equipment to per-
form a load test. Load testing, when performed in
conjunction with the specific gravity tests described
above will give an accurate indication of the service-
ability of the battery.
7. ALTERNATOR
Special Equipment Required
To Test On Vehicle - Voltmeter, 100-0-100
amp ammeter, ohmmeter
To Dismantle — 200 watt soldering iron,
bearing
puller, press
To Assemble — 200 watt soldering iron
DESCRIPTION
Two types of alternator are installed to the range
of vehicles covered by this manual, either Hitachi or
Bosch. In the alternator, the field and pole shoe assembly
is the moving part and it is shaped to form the rotor.
Since only a low amperage current flows between the
slip rings on the rotor shaft and the brushes, wear on
the brushes and slip rings is very slight and mainte-
nance is reduced to a minimum. The output current is generated in the fixed stator
windings and is a three phase alternating current
(AC). The stator windings are wound on a laminated
soft iron former, star connected and installed between
the end brackets. As it is not possible to charge a storage battery
with alternating current, it is necessary to rectify the
output of the stator windings to direct current (DC). This is done by a bank of diodes mounted within the
alternator slip ring end bracket.
The output of the alternator is governed by the
regulator and the built in ch aracteristics of the alter-
nator.
The regulator and brush holder assembly on
Hitachi alternators is mounted within the alternator
on the slip ring end bracket side. On Bosch
alternators
the regulator and brush holder unit is mounted to the
outside of the slip ring end bracket. An electrical cut out unit is not necessary with the
alternator charging system as the diodes prevent a
reverse current flow through the alternator.
SERVICE PRECAUTIONS
Ensure that the battery is connected with the
correct polarity to earth. Refer to Specifications.
Do not short out or ground any terminals
common to the charging circuit. Always disconnect the battery before con-
necting a battery charger.
If a booster battery is used, always connect it
in a parallel circuit i.e. positive to positive ( + to + )
and negative to negative (- to -) to maintain a 12
volt supply. Never disconnect the battery or terminals in
the charging circuit while the engine is running. Regularly check that the alternator drive belt
tension is as specified. Refer to the Engine Tune-up
section.
Keep the battery terminals clean and all
electrical connections tight. Disconnect the battery and alternator when
electric welding on the vehicle.
TO TEST ON VEHICLE If the charge indicator lamp stays on after the
engine has been started and run at approximately
1 000 rpm, carry out the following tests. Stop the engine.
Check the condition and adjustment of the
alternator drive belt. Clean the battery terminals, tighten all elec-
trical connections, check the wiring for shorts to earth
and/or bridged circuits. Ensure that the battery is fully
charged. If the battery is discharged charge it or
replace it with one fully charged. Start the engine and allow it to run until
normal operating temperature is reached.
Stop the engine and disconnect the negative
battery terminal.
Remove the nut and washer from the alter-
nator output terminal (B +) and disconnect the alter-
nator output lead. Connect one lead of an ammeter to the
alternator output terminal and the other lead to the
lead removed from the output terminal. Connect the negative battery terminal and
connect a voltmeter across the battery terminals.