2023 TESLA MODEL S brakes

Cautions for Exterior CleaningCAUTION: Do not wash in direct sunlight.CAUTION: Do not use windshield treatment fluids.

Doing so can interfere with wiper friction and
cause a chattering sound.
CAUTION: Do not use hot water, detergents, or
highly alkaline or caustic cleaning products,
especially those containing hydroxide.
CAUTION: If using a pressure washer, maintain a
distance of at least 12" (30 cm) between the
nozzle and the surface of Model S. Avoid aiming
the water jet directly at parking sensors (if
equipped). Keep the nozzle moving and do not
concentrate the water jet on any one area.
CAUTION: Do not aim water hoses directly at
windows, door, or hood seals or at electronic
modules or exposed cabling.
CAUTION: To avoid corrosive damage that may
not be covered by the warranty, rinse away any
road salt from the underside of the vehicle, wheel
wells, and brakes. After cleaning the vehicle, dry
the brakes by going on a short drive and applying
the brakes multiple times.
CAUTION: Avoid using tight-napped or rough
cloths, such as washing mitts. A high-quality
microfiber cleaning cloth is recommended.
CAUTION: If washing in an automatic car wash, use
touchless car washes only. These car washes have
no parts (brushes, etc.) that touch the surfaces of
Model S. Some touchless car washes use caustic
solutions that, over time, can cause discoloration
of decorative exterior trim. Avoid exposure to
soaps and chemicals above pH 13. If unsure, check
the product label or ask the staff at the car wash.
Damage caused by improper washing is not
covered by the warranty.
CAUTION: If washing in an automatic car wash,
make sure the vehicle is locked. In addition, avoid
using controls on the touchscreen that can result
in accidentally opening doors or trunks while the
vehicle is being washed. Any damage caused is
not covered by the warranty.
CAUTION: Ensure the wipers are off before
washing Model S to avoid the risk of damaging the
wipers.
CAUTION: Do not use chemical based wheel
cleaners or pre-wash products. These can damage
the finish on the wheels.
WARNING: Never spray liquid at a high velocity
(for example, if using a pressure washer) towards
the charge port while Model S is charging. Failure
to follow these instructions can result in serious
injury or damage to the vehicle, charging
equipment, or property.
Cleaning the Interior
Frequently inspect and clean the interior to maintain its
appearance and to prevent premature wear. If possible,
immediately wipe up spills and remove marks. For
general cleaning, wipe interior surfaces using a soft cloth (such as
microfiber) dampened with a mixture of warm
water and mild non-detergent cleaner (test all cleaners on a concealed area before use). To avoid streaks, dry immediately with a soft lint-free cloth.
Interior Glass
Do not scrape, or use any abrasive cleaning fluid on
glass or mirrored surfaces. This can damage the
reflective surface of the mirror and the heating elements
in the rear window.
Airbags
Do not allow any substance to enter an airbag cover. This could
affect correct operation.
Dashboard and Plastic Surfaces
Do not polish the upper surfaces of the dashboard. Polished surfaces are
reflective and could interfere with
your driving view.
Seats
Wipe spills and chemical residues from interior surfaces as soon as possible using a soft cloth moistened with warm water and non-detergent soap. Wipe gently in a circular motion. Then wipe dry using a soft, lint-free cloth.
Although seating surfaces are designed to repel stains, Tesla recommends regular cleaning to maintain
performance and an as-new appearance. Promptly treat
dye transfer from clothing, such as indigo-dyed denim.
Avoid contact with harsh chemicals, including certain cosmetics. Never use cleaners containing alcohol or bleach. Spot-test cleaners on an inconspicuous area
before applying to visible surfaces.
If equipped with leather seats, note that leather is prone to dye-transfer which can cause discoloration, particularly on light colored leather. White and tan
leather is coated with an anti-soiling treatment. Using detergents or commercially available leather cleaners and conditioners is not recommended because they can discolor or dry out the leather.
Vacuum cloth seats as needed to remove any loose dirt.
CAUTION: Aftermarket, non-Tesla seat covers may
inhibit the sensitivity of a seat

Motor Type
Motor Type
Model S
Model XModel S Plaid
Model X Plaid
Front and rear
motorAC permanent magnet synchronous
motor, liquid-cooled, with variable
frequency driveAC permanent magnet synchronous motor, carbon-
fiber-wrapped rotor, liquid-cooled, with variable
frequency drive (2x motors in the rear)
Transmission
TypeModel SModel S PlaidFront transmissionSingle speed fixed gear, 7.56:1Single speed fixed gear, 7.56:1. Enhanced lubricationOverall Final Drive Ratio
Front unit motor: 7.56:1
Rear unit motor: 9.04:1Front unit motor: 7.56:1
Rear unit motor: 7.56:1
Rear transmissionSingle speed fixed gear, 9.04:1Independent single speed fixed gear, 7.56:1. Dry sump
lubrication
Steering
SteeringSpecificationsTypeVariable ratio rack and pinion with electronic power steering, speed sensitiveNumber of turns lock to lock2.33Turning Circle (curb to curb)40.3 ft/12.3 m
Brakes
BrakesSpecifications
Type
4-wheel anti-lock braking system (ABS) with Electronic Brake
Force Distribution, Integrated Advanced Stability Control and Electronic Accelerator pedal actuated regenerative braking systemCalipersFront: Four piston, fixedRear: Single piston, floatingRotor Diameters (ventilated)Front: 15.59”/395 mmRear: 14.37”/365 mmFront Rotor thicknessNew: 1.26”/32 mmService limit: 1.18”/30 mmRear Rotor thicknessNew: 1.10”/28 mmService limit: 1.02”/26 mm
Subsystems
192MODEL S Owner

BrakesSpecificationsFront Brake Pad Thickness (excluding back
plate)New: 0.41”/10.5 mm (MIN)Service limit: 0.09”/ 2.3 mmRear Brake Pad Thickness (excluding back plate)New: 0.33”/8.5 mm (MIN)Service limit: 0.11”/ 2.7 mmParking brakeElectrically actuated parking brake calipers
Suspension
SuspensionSpecificationsFrontIndependent, double wishbone, air spring with adaptive damper, stabilizer barRearIndependent, multi-link, air spring with adaptive damper, stabilizer bar
Battery - Low Voltage
Battery - Low VoltageSpecificationsRating6.9 amp hourVoltage15.5V
Battery - High Voltage
Battery - High VoltageSpecificationsTypeLiquid-cooled lithium ion (Li-ion)Nominal Voltage407 V DCTemperature RangeDo not expose Model S to ambient temperatures above 149

A
ABS (Anti-lock Braking System): 66
absolute speed limit: 117
accessories, plugging into power socket: 27
Active Road Noise Reduction: 27
adaptive headlights: 59
adjacent lane speed: 88
adjustment (lumbar): 29
aero covers: 175
air circulation: 119
air conditioning: 119
air distribution: 119
air filter: 124
air vents: 122
airbags: 41
alarm: 133, 136
all-season tires: 177
Always Show Estimated Round Trip Energy: 151
anti-lock braking (ABS): 66
apps: 6
Arcade: 156
audio: 153, 156
playing files: 153, 156
settings: 153
volume control: 153
auto fold: 52
Auto Lane Change: 90
auto tilt: 52
AUTO wipers: 65
automatic emergency braking: 115
automatic navigation: 147
navigating: 147
Autopark: 103
autopilot: 111
side collision warning: 111
Autopilot: 81, 84, 88, 90, 103, 105, 114, 117
Auto Lane Change: 90
automatic emergency braking: 114
Autopark: 103
Autosteer: 88
collision avoidance assist: 114
forward collision warning: 114
overtake acceleration: 84
overview: 81
speed assist: 117
speed limit warning: 117
staying within speed limits: 117
Summon: 105
Traffic-Aware Cruise Control: 84
Autopilot components: 81
Autosteer: 88
average range: 170
B
backup camera: 77
Battery (high voltage): 161, 194
care of: 161
specifications: 194
temperature limits: 161
battery (key), replacing: 14
battery (low voltage): 161, 194
complete discharge: 161
specifications: 194
Blind Spot Camera: 111
Blind Spot Collision Warning: 111
Blind Spot Collision Warning Chime: 111
Bluetooth: 126, 154
devices, playing audio files from: 154
general information: 126
phone, pairing and using: 126
body repairs: 185
body touch up: 180
Boombox: 156, 157
brakes: 66, 115, 192
automatic in emergencies: 115
overview of: 66
specifications: 192
Bumper Clearance (Summon): 105
C
cabin air filter: 124
cabin camera: 118
cabin temperature control: 119
Calendar: 126, 128
California Proposition 65: 262
camera, rear-facing: 77
cameras (autopilot): 81
Camp: 123
car cover: 180
car wash mode: 178
car washes: 179
Caraoke): 154
card: 12
cargo area: 21
cargo volume information: 192
carpets, cleaning: 180
CCS (Combo): 160
CE certifications: 264
CHAdeMO: 160
Index

Radio Frequency information: 264
range: 61, 67, 169
displayed on instrument panel: 61
driving tips to maximize: 169
regenerative braking: 67
range assurance: 169
re-naming your vehicle: 11
Re-route: 151
reading light, rear: 27
rear view camera: 77
rear window switches, disabling: 19
recent (Media Player): 154
Recents (navigation): 147
recording: 135, 136
recording videos (Track Mode): 74
regenerative braking: 67
regenerative braking, in Track Mode: 74
relative speed limit: 117
release notes: 144
restarting the touchscreen: 53
Reverse: 56
RFID transponders: 185
ride height, air suspension: 129
roadside assistance: 202
rotating tires: 174
Round Trip Energy (navigating): 151
run out of range: 206, 207
S
safety defects, reporting: 264
safety information: 34, 39, 45
airbags: 45
child seats: 39
seat belts: 34
satellite radio: 154
Schedule: 168
schedule service: 145
scheduled charging: 168
scheduled departure: 168
using: 168
seat adjustment: 29
seat adjustment (driver): 29
seat belts: 32, 33, 180
cleaning: 180
in a collision: 33
overview of: 32
pre-tensioners: 33
wearing when pregnant: 32
seat heaters: 119
seating capacity: 188
seating position: 44
seating position for driving: 29
seats: 119
heaters: 119
security settings: 133
self-leveling: 129
sensors: 81
Sentry Mode: 136
service data recording: 261
service intervals: 171
Settings, erasing: 11
shifting: 55
shortcuts: 8, 10
adding to My Apps: 10
restarting the touchscreen: 8
Show Calendar Upon Entry: 126, 128
side camera(s): 77
Side Clearance (Summon): 105
side collision warning: 111
SiriusXM: 154
slip start: 69
Smart Summon: 108
smartphone: 12
authenticating as a key: 12
Software Reinstall: 143
software reset: 11
software update preferences: 143
software updates: 143
specifications: 192, 194
brakes: 192
High Voltage Battery: 194
low voltage battery: 194
motor: 192
steering: 192
subsystems: 192
suspension: 194
tires: 194
transmission: 192
wheels: 194
specifications (vehicle interior): 190
specifications and dimensions: 190
specifications, exterior: 190
speed assist: 117
speed limit warning: 117
Stability Assist (Track Mode): 74
stability control: 69
standby: 136
starting: 53
steering specifications: 192
steering, automatic: 88
Index