2022 LINCOLN NAVIGATOR four wheel drive

Accessing the Passive Key Backup
Position ......................................................204
Starting and Stopping the Engine – Troubleshooting ......................................
205
Auto-Start-Stop
What Is Auto-Start-Stop .............................
207
Auto-Start-Stop Precautions .....................
207
Switching Auto-Start-Stop On and Off ......................................................................
207
Stopping the Engine ...................................
207
Restarting the Engine .................................
207
Auto-Start-Stop Indicators .........................
207
Auto-Start-Stop – Troubleshooting ........
208
Fuel and Refueling
Fuel and Refueling Precautions ...............
210
Fuel Quality .....................................................
211
Locating the Fuel Filler Funnel ..................
211
Running Out of Fuel ....................................
212
Refueling ........................................................
213
Fuel Tank Capacity ......................................
216
Fuel and Refueling – Troubleshooting .......................................................................
216 Catalytic Converter
What Is the Catalytic Converter
................
217
Catalytic Converter Precautions ...............
217
Catalytic Converter – Troubleshooting .......................................................................
218
Automatic Transmission
Automatic Transmission Precautions ......
219
Automatic Transmission Positions ...........
219
Shifting Your Vehicle Into Gear ...............
220
Automatic Transmission Position Indicators ......................................................................
220
Manually Shifting Gears ............................
220
Temporary Neutral Mode ...........................
221
Automatic Return to Park (P) .....................
221
Automatic Transmission Audible Warnings ......................................................................
222
Four-Wheel Drive
How Does Four-Wheel Drive Work ........
223
Four-Wheel Drive Precautions .................
223
Four-Wheel Drive Limitations ...................
224
Selecting a Four-Wheel Drive Mode ......
225Four-Wheel Drive Modes
..........................
225
Four-Wheel Drive Indicators ....................
226
Four-Wheel Drive Driving Hints ...............
226
Four-Wheel Drive – Troubleshooting .....
229
Electronic Limited-Slip Differential
What Is the Electronic Limited-Slip Differential .................................................
231
Electronic Limited-Slip Differential – Troubleshooting ......................................
232
Brakes
Brake Precautions .......................................
233
Anti-Lock Braking System .........................
233
Brake Over Accelerator .............................
233
Locating the Brake Fluid Reservoir ........
233
Checking the Brake Fluid .........................
233
Brake Fluid Specification ..........................
234
Brakes – Troubleshooting .........................
234
Electric Parking Brake
What Is the Electric Parking Brake .........
236
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2022 Navigator (TB9) Canada/United States of America, enUSA, Edition date: 202109, First-Printing Table of Contents

STARTING AND STOPPING THE
ENGINE – TROUBLESHOOTING
STARTING AND STOPPING THE
ENGINE – WARNING LAMPS
Malfunction Indicator Lamp
If it illuminates when the engine is
running, the on-board diagnostics
system is detecting a malfunction
of the vehicle emission control system. If it flashes, engine misfire could be
occurring. Increased exhaust gas
temperatures could damage the catalytic
converter or other vehicle components.
Avoid heavy acceleration and deceleration,
and have your vehicle checked as soon as
possible.
Powertrain Warning Lamp If it illuminates when the engine is
running, this indicates a powertrain
or four-wheel drive fault. If it
flashes when you are driving, immediately
reduce the vehicle speed. Avoid heavy
acceleration and deceleration, and have your
vehicle checked as soon as possible.
If both lamps illuminate when the engine is
running, stop your vehicle as soon as it is
safe to do so. Continuing to drive your
vehicle could cause reduced power or the
engine to stop. Switch the ignition off and
attempt to restart the engine. Have your
vehicle checked as soon as possible.
STARTING AND STOPPING THE ENGINE – INFORMATION MESSAGES Action
Message
Displays if you exceed the starting time limit. You cannot attempt to start the engine for 15 minutes.
If you cannot start the engine after 15 minutes passes, have your vehicl\
e immediately checked.
Cranking Time Exceeded
Displays if you are unable to start your vehicle with a correctly coded \
key. The system has
detected a fault that requires service. Have your vehicle checked as soon as possible.
Starting System Fault
Displays if the system does not detect a valid passive key.
No Key Detected
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HOW DOES FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE
WORK
Using the 1-Speed Automatic Four-
Wheel Drive System
The 1-speed automatic four-wheel drive
system utilizes an electronically controlled
on-demand 1-speed transfer case. This
system monitors various vehicle sensory
inputs to provide an increased level of
performance. This system offers the driver
two-wheel drive high, four-wheel drive auto
and four-wheel drive high as available modes
of operation via the selectable drive mode
switch. When four-wheel drive auto is
selected, the system continuously varies
power to the front wheels for optimum
performance for all on-road conditions. When
four-wheel drive high is selected, the system
provides power to the front and rear wheels
for use in off-road or slippery conditions such
as deep snow, sand or mud. There is further
information on driving in unique driving
conditions. See Driving Hints (page 384).
Using the 2-Speed Automatic Four-
Wheel Drive System
(If Equipped)
The 2-speed automatic four-wheel drive
system utilizes an electronically controlled
on-demand 2-speed transfer case. This
system monitors various vehicle sensory
inputs to provide an increased level of
performance. This system offers the driver
two-wheel drive high, four-wheel drive auto,
four-wheel drive high, and four-wheel drive
low as available modes of operation. When
four-wheel drive auto is selected, the system
continuously varies power to the front wheels
for optimum performance for all on-road
conditions. When either four-wheel drive high
or four-wheel drive low are selected with the
appropriate drive modes , the four-wheel
drive system provides electronically locked
power to the front and rear wheels for use
in off-road or slippery conditions such as
deep snow, sand or mud. Selecting slow
climb also provides additional gearing for
increased torque multiplication for conditions
like deep sand, snow, steep slopes, or pulling heavy objects.
See Slow Climb (page 296).
Additionally, the system is capable of
recreational flat towing by putting the
transfer case into neutral (N).
See
Recreationally Towing Your Vehicle (page
397).
There is further information on driving in
unique driving conditions. See Driving Hints
(page
384).
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE
PRECAUTIONS WARNING:
Vehicles with a higher
center of gravity (utility and four-wheel
drive vehicles) handle differently than
vehicles with a lower center of gravity
(passenger cars). Avoid sharp turns,
excessive speed and abrupt steering in
these vehicles. Failure to drive cautiously
increases the risk of losing control of your
vehicle, vehicle rollover, personal injury
and death.
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(If Equipped)

WARNING: Do not become
overconfident in the ability of four-wheel
drive vehicles. Although a four-wheel drive
vehicle may accelerate better than a
two-wheel drive vehicle in low traction
situations, it won't stop any faster than
two-wheel drive vehicles. Always drive at
a safe speed.
Truck and utility vehicles can differ from
some other vehicles. Your vehicle could be
higher to allow it to travel over rough terrain
without getting stuck or damaging
underbody components. The differences that
make your vehicle so versatile also make it
handle differently than an ordinary passenger
car. Always maintain steering wheel control,
especially in rough terrain. Since sudden
changes in terrain can result in abrupt
steering wheel motion, make sure you grip
the steering wheel from the outside. Do not
grip the spokes. Drive cautiously to avoid
vehicle damage from concealed objects such as rocks and stumps. Drive slower in strong
crosswinds which can affect the normal
steering characteristics of your vehicle. Be
extremely careful when driving on pavement
made slippery by loose sand, water, gravel,
snow or ice.
Note:
Do not use four-wheel drive high or
four-wheel drive low mode on dry, hard
surfaced roads. Doing so can produce
excessive noise, increase tire wear and can
damage drive components.
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE LIMITATIONS
Operating Four-Wheel Drive with a
Spare or Mismatched Tires
(If Equipped)
On four-wheel drive vehicles, the size of the
spare tire can affect the four-wheel drive
system. If there is a significant difference
between the size of the spare tire and the
remaining tires, you could have limited
four-wheel drive functionality. When driving
with the full-size dissimilar spare wheel and
tire assembly, we recommend that you do
not: •
Exceed
50 mph (80 km/h) with a
four-wheel drive mode turned on.
• Use a four-wheel drive mode on dry
pavement.
Driving with the full-size dissimilar spare
wheel and tire assembly can limit four-wheel
drive functionality. You can experience the
following:
• Additional noise from the transfer case
or other drive components.
Use of a dissimilar spare wheel and tire
assembly can lead to impairment of the
following:
• Comfort and noise.
• Winter weather driving capability.
• Wet driving capability.
• Four-wheel drive capability.
Note: Your vehicle could have a front air
dam that can become damaged, due to
reduced ground clearance, when taking your
vehicle off-road. You can remove this air
dam by removing the eight bolts that secure
it.
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(If Equipped)

Note:
Your vehicle could have side steps
that can become damaged, due to reduced
ground clearance, when taking your vehicle
off-road. Remove side steps before driving
your vehicle off-road.
SELECTING A FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE
MODE
To select a specific four-wheel drive mode
please select one of the desired drive
modes. For additional information. See
Selecting a Drive Mode (page 294).
Note: When shifting to and from four-wheel
drive information display will show shifting
in progress message indicating that the
system is in the process of making a shift.
Note: Do not perform this operation if the
rear wheels are slipping or while applying
the accelerator pedal.
If the system detects a fault, a warning
message appears in the information display.
See
Four-Wheel Drive – Information
Messages (page 229). Note:
Do not use SLIPPERY, DEEP
CONDITIONS or SLOW CLIMB on dry, hard
surfaced roads. Doing so produces
excessive noise, increases tire wear and may
damage drive components. The 4X4 system
in these modes is only intended for
consistently slippery or loose surfaces.
Shifting to or from Slow Climb (4L)
To select or exit SLOW CLIMB (4L):
1. Bring your vehicle to a speed of
3.1 mph
(5 km/h) or less.
2. Place the transmission in neutral (N).
3. Select SLOW CLIMB on the drive mode control switch.
The information display will display a
message indicating a four-wheel drive shift
is in progress. If any of the above shift
conditions are not present, the shift will not
occur and the information display will display
information guiding the driver through the
proper shifting procedures. If there is a
transfer case tooth blockage a message will display in the information display. To alleviate
this condition, place the transmission in a
forward gear, move your vehicle forward
approximately
4.9 ft (1.5 m), and shift the
transmission back to neutral (N) to allow the
transfer case to complete the range shift.
Note: You could hear some noise as the
system shifts or engages which is normal. If
the system detects a fault, a warning
message appears in the information display.
See
Four-Wheel Drive – Information
Messages (page 229).
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE MODES
TWO-WHEEL DRIVE HIGH
2H turns on when you select NORMAL or
CONSERVE. Two-wheel drive high is for
general on-road driving. Power is sent to the
rear wheels only.
Note: Two-wheel drive high can turn on or
off based on Drive Mode selection See Drive
Mode Control
(page 293).
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(If Equipped)

FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE AUTO
4A turns on when you select EXCITE,
NORMAL 4x4 AUTO or SLIPPERY.
Four-wheel drive auto provides electronically
controlled four-wheel drive power to both
the front and rear wheels, as required, for
increased traction in varying on-road
conditions. The four-wheel drive auto tuning
varies based on selected Drive Mode. See
Selecting a Drive Mode (page 294).
Note: Four-wheel drive auto can turn on or
off automatically based on Drive Mode
selection. See Selecting a Drive Mode (page
294
).
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE HIGH
4H turns on when you select DEEP
CONDITIONS. Four-wheel drive high
provides electronically locked four-wheel
drive power to both the front and rear wheels
for use in off-road or winter conditions such
as deep snow, sand or mud. This mode is
not for use on dry pavement. Note:
Four-wheel drive high can turn on or
off automatically based on Drive Mode
selection. See Selecting a Drive Mode (page
294
).
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE LOW
4L turns on when you select SLOW CLIMB.
Four-wheel drive low provides electronically
or mechanically locked four-wheel drive
power to both the front and rear wheels for
use on low traction surfaces, but does so
with additional gearing for increased torque
multiplication. This mode is only for off-road
conditions such as deep sand, steep slopes,
or pulling heavy objects.
Note: Four-wheel drive low can turn on or
off automatically based on drive mode
selection. See Selecting a Drive Mode (page
294
).
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE INDICATORS
Two-wheel Drive High Momentarily illuminates when
two-wheel drive high is selected.Four-wheel Drive Auto Continuously illuminates when
four-wheel drive auto is selected.
Four-wheel Drive High Continuously illuminates when
four-wheel drive high is selected.
Four-wheel Drive Low
(If Equipped) Continuously illuminates when
four-wheel drive low is selected.
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE DRIVING HINTS
EMERGENCY MANEUVERS
In an unavoidable emergency situation
where a sudden sharp turn must be made,
remember to avoid over-driving your vehicle
(i.e. turn the steering wheel only as rapidly
and as far as required to avoid the
emergency). Excessive steering can result
in loss of vehicle control. Apply smooth
pressure to the accelerator pedal or brake
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(If Equipped)E181778 E181781 E181779 E181780

pedal when changes in vehicle speed are
required. Avoid abrupt steering, acceleration
and braking. This could result in an increased
risk of vehicle roll over, loss of vehicle control
and personal injury. Use all available road
surface to bring your vehicle to a safe
direction of travel.
In the event of an emergency stop, avoid
skidding the tires and do not attempt any
sharp steering wheel movements.
If your vehicle goes from one type of surface
to another (i.e. from concrete to gravel) there
can be a change in the way your vehicle
responds to a maneuver, i.e. steering,
acceleration or braking.
DRIVING IN SAND
When driving over sand, try to keep all four
wheels on the most solid area of the trail.
Avoid reducing the tire pressures but shift
to a lower gear and drive steadily through
the terrain. Apply the accelerator slowly and
avoid excessive wheel slip.
When driving at slow speeds in deep sand
under high outside temperatures, use a low
gear when possible. Low gear operation can
maximize the engine and transmission
cooling capability.
Avoid driving at excessive speed. This
causes vehicle momentum to work against
you and your vehicle could become stuck to
the point that assistance may be required
from another vehicle. Remember, you may
be able to back out the way you came if you
proceed with caution.
DRIVING THROUGH MUD AND WATER
WARNING: Do not spin the wheels
at over 34 mph (55 km/h). The tires may
fail and injure a passenger or bystander. Mud
Be cautious of sudden changes in vehicle
speed or direction when you are driving in
mud. Even four-wheel drive vehicles can lose
traction in slick mud. If your vehicle does
slide, steer in the direction of the slide until
you regain control of your vehicle. After
driving through mud, clean off residue stuck
to rotating driveshafts and tires. Excess mud
stuck on tires and rotating driveshafts can
cause an imbalance that could damage drive
components.
Water
If you must drive through high water, drive
slowly. Traction or brake capability may be
limited. When driving through water,
determine the depth and avoid water higher
than the bottom of the hubs. If the ignition
system gets wet, your vehicle may stall. Once
through water, test the brakes. Wet brakes
do not stop your vehicle as effectively as dry
brakes. Drying improves by applying light
pressure to the brake pedal while moving
slowly.
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(If Equipped)

Note:
Driving through deep water may
damage the transmission. If the front or rear
axle is submerged in water, the axle
lubricant and power transfer unit lubricant
should be checked and changed if
necessary.
DRIVING ON HILLY OR SLOPING
TERRAIN
Although natural obstacles may make it
necessary to travel diagonally up or down a
hill or steep incline, you should try to drive
straight up or straight down.
Note: Avoid turning on steep slopes or hills.
A danger lies in losing traction, slipping
sideways and possible vehicle roll over.
Whenever driving on a hill, determine
beforehand the route you can use. Do not
drive over the crest of a hill without seeing
what conditions are on the other side. Do
not drive in reverse over a hill without the
aid of an observer. When climbing a steep slope or hill, start in
a lower gear rather than downshifting to a
lower gear from a higher gear once the
ascent has started. This reduces strain on
the engine and the possibility of stalling.
If your vehicle stalls, do not try to turnaround
because this could cause vehicle roll over.
It is better to reverse back to a safe location.
Apply just enough power to the wheels to
climb the hill. Too much power can cause
the tires to slip, spin or lose traction, resulting
in loss of vehicle control.
Descend a hill in the same gear you would
use to climb up the hill to avoid excessive
brake application and brake overheating. Do
not descend in neutral. Disengage overdrive
or move the transmission selector lever to a
lower gear. When descending a steep hill,
avoid sudden hard braking as you could lose
control. The front wheels have to be turning
in order to steer your vehicle.
Note:
If your vehicle has anti-lock brakes,
apply the brakes steadily. Do not pump the
brakes. DRIVING ON SNOW AND ICE
Four-wheel drive vehicles have advantages
over two-wheel drive vehicles in snow and
ice but can skid like any other vehicle.
Should you start to slide while driving on
snowy or icy roads, turn the steering wheel
in the direction of the slide until you regain
control.
Avoid sudden applications of power and
quick changes of direction on snow and ice.
Apply the accelerator slowly and steadily
when starting from a full stop. Avoid sudden
braking. Although a four-wheel drive vehicle
can accelerate better than a two-wheel drive
vehicle in snow and ice, it cannot stop any
faster as braking occurs at all four wheels.
Do not become overconfident as to road
conditions.
Make sure you allow sufficient distance
between you and other vehicles for stopping.
Drive slower than usual and consider using
one of the lower gears. In emergency
stopping situations, apply the brake steadily.
Do not pump the brake pedal. See Anti-Lock
Braking System Limitations (page 233).
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(If Equipped)