
3828-1. Specifications
cornering (turning) traction.
■Temperature A, B, C
The temperature grades are A (the
highest), B, and C, representing the
tire’s resistance to the generation of
heat and its ability to dissipate heat
when tested under controlled condi-
tions on a specified indoor laboratory
test wheel.
Sustained high temperature can cause the
material of the tire to degenerate and
reduce tire life, and excessive temperature
can lead to sudden tire failure. Grade C corresponds to
a level of perfor-
mance which all passenger car tires must
meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle
Safety Standard No. 109.
Grades B and A represent higher levels of
performance on the laboratory test wheel
than the minimum required by law.
Warning: The temperatur e grades of a tire
assume that it is properly inflated and not
overloaded.
Excessive speed, unde rinflation, or exces-
sive loading, either separately or in combi-
nation, can cause heat buildup and
possible tire failure.
Glossary of tire terminology
Tire related termMeaning
Cold tire inflation pressure
Tire pressure when the vehicle has been parked for
three hours or more, or has not been driven more
than 1 mile or 1.5 km under that condition
Maximum inflation pressureThe maximum cold inflated pressure to which a tire
may be inflated, shown on the sidewall of the tire
Recommended inflation pressureCold tire inflation pressure recommended by a
manufacturer
Accessory weight
The combined weight (in excess of those standard
items which may be replaced) of automatic trans-
mission, power steering, power brakes, power win-
dows, power seats, radio and heater, to the extent
that these items are available as factory-installed
equipment (whether installed or not)
Curb weight
The weight of a motor vehicle with standard equip-
ment, including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil
and coolant, and if so equipped, air conditioning
and additional weight optional engine

3858-1. Specifications
8
Vehicle specifications
Intended outboard sidewall
(a) The sidewall that contains a whitewall, bears
white lettering, or bears manufacturer, brand,
and/or model name molding that is higher or
deeper than the same molding on the other sidewall
of the tire, or
(b) The outward facing sidewall of an asymmetrical
tire that has a particular side that must always face
outward when mounted on a vehicle
Light truck (LT) tire
A tire designated by its manufacturer as primarily
intended for use on lightwe ight trucks or multipur-
pose passenger vehicles
Load ratingThe maximum load that a tire is rated to carry for a
given inflation pressure
Maximum load ratingThe load rating for a tire at the maximum permissi-
ble inflation pressure for that tire
Maximum permissible inflation pres-
sureThe maximum cold inflation pressure to which a tire
may be inflated
Measuring rimThe rim on which a tire is fitted for physical dimen-
sion requirements
Open spliceAny parting at any junction of tread, sidewall, or
innerliner that extends to cord material
Outer diameterThe overall diameter of an inflated new tire
Overall width
The linear distance between the exteriors of the
sidewalls of an inflated tire, including elevations due
to labeling, decorations, or protective bands or ribs
Passenger car tire
A tire intended for use on passenger cars, multipur-
pose passenger vehicles, and trucks, that have a
gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 10,000 lb.
or less.
PlyA layer of rubber-c oated parallel cords
Ply separationA parting of rubber comp ound between adjacent
plies
Pneumatic tire
A mechanical device made of rubber, chemicals,
fabric and steel or other materials, that, when
mounted on an automotive wheel, provides the
traction and contains the gas or fluid that sustains
the load
Tire related termMeaning

3868-1. Specifications
*: Table 1 -Occupant loading and distribution for vehicle normal load for various desig-
nated seating capacities
Radial ply tire
A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend
to the beads are laid at su bstantially 90 degrees to
the centerline of the tread
Reinforced tire
A tire designed to operat e at higher loads and at
higher inflation pressures than the corresponding
standard tire
Section width
The linear distance between the exteriors of the
sidewalls of an inflated tire, excluding elevations
due to labeling, decorati on, or protective bands
SidewallThat portion of a tire between the tread and bead
Sidewall separationThe parting of the rubber compound from the cord
material in the sidewall
Snow tire
A tire that attains a traction index equal to or
greater than 110, compared to the ASTM E-1136
Standard Referenc e Test Tire, when using the snow
traction test as described in ASTM F-1805-00,
Standard Test Method fo r Single Wheel Driving
Traction in a Straight Line on Snow-and Ice-Cov-
ered Surfaces, and which is marked with an Alpine
Symbol ( ) on at least one sidewall
Test rimThe rim on which a tire is fitted for testing, and may
be any rim listed as appropriate for use with that tire
TreadThat portion of a tire that comes into contact with
the road
Tread ribA tread section running ci rcumferentially around a
tire
Tread separationPulling away of the tread from the tire carcass
Treadwear indicators (TWI)
The projections within the principal grooves
designed to give a visual indication of the degrees
of wear of the tread
Wheel-holding fixtureThe fixture used to hold the wheel and tire assembly
securely during testing
Tire related termMeaning

425Alphabetical Index
Information .................................................... 378
Replacing .........................................................341
Rotating tires ................................................298
Size.................................................................... 372
Snow tires ...................................................... 234
Spare tire.......................................................... 341
Tire inflation pressure display function......................................................................... 299
Tire pressure warning system ............. 299
Warning light ............................................... 333
Tools.................................................................. 342
Top tether strap.................................................51
Total load capacity ...................................... 364
Towing Dinghy towing ............................................... 129
Emergency towing ................................... 323
Towing eyelet .............................................. 325
Trailer towing .................................................128
TRAC (Traction Control) ........................ 229
Traction Control (TRAC) ........................ 229
Trailer towing ..................................................128
Transmission Automatic transmission ............................134
Driving mode select switch ...................227
M mode ............................................................ 137
Paddle shift switches ....................... 136, 137
Snow mode ....................................................136
Trip meters .........................................................74
Trunk .................................................................... 94 Internal trunk release lever ...................... 96
Smart access system with push-button start ................................................................... 95
Trunk features..............................................258
Trunk lid light................................................... 95
Trunk light......................................................... 95
Trunk opener main switch ....................... 96
Trunk opener switch ................................... 95
Wireless remote control........................... 95
Trunk lid light .................................................... 95
Trunk light .......................................................... 95 Wattage.......................................................... 375 Turn signal lights
Replacing light bulbs ..................................314
Turn signal lever .......................................... 138
V
Vanity lights...................................................... 261Wattage ..........................................................375
Vanity mirrors ................................................. 261
VDIM (Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Man- agement)...................................................... 229
Vehicle data recording ....................................6
Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Manage- ment (VDIM).............................................. 229
Vehicle identification number ................ 364
Vehicle Stability Control (VSC) ........... 229
Ventilators (seat ventilators).....................251
VSC (Vehicle Stability Control) ........... 229
W
Warning buzzers ABS.................................................................... 331
Airbags........................................................... 330
Approach warning......................................192
Brake hold .....................................................335
Brake Override System .......................... 331
Brake system................................................329
Charging system....................................... 330
Downshifting ....................................... 137, 138
Drive-Start Control.................................... 331
Electric power steering........................... 332
Engine............................................................. 330
Hands off steering wheel warning (LTA)........................................................................... 183
High coolant temperature.....................329
Intuitive parking assist ................. 209, 333
Low engine oil pressure........................ 330
LTA (Lane Tracing Assist)175, 178, 333
Open door ................................................91, 93
Open window ................................................ 115
PKSA (Parking Support Alert) ...........202
PKSB (Parking Support Brake) .........334