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302 DRIVING AND OPERATING
.Automatic Emergency
Braking (AEB)
.Intelligent Brake Assist (IBA)
.Front Pedestrian Braking (FPB)
If equipped with Lane Change Alert
(LCA), the LCA detection zones that
extend back from the side of the
vehicle do not move further back
when a trailer is towed. Use caution
while changing lanes when towing a
trailer.
If equipped with Rear Cross Traffic
Alert (RCTA), use caution while
backing up when towing a trailer, as
the RCTA detection zones that extend
out from the back of the vehicle do
not move further back when a trailer
is towed.
{Warning
To prevent serious injury or death
from carbon monoxide (CO), when
towing a trailer:
.Do not drive with the liftgate,
trunk/hatch, or rear-most
window open. (Continued)
Warning (Continued)
.Fully open the air outlets on or
under the instrument panel.
.Adjust the climate control
system to a setting that brings in
only outside air. See“Climate
Control Systems” in the Index.
For more information about carbon
monoxide, see Engine Exhaust
0 231.
Towing a trailer requires experience.
The combination of the vehicle and
trailer is longer and not as responsive
as the vehicle itself. Get used to the
handling and braking of the
combination by driving on a level road
surface before driving on public roads.
The trailer structure, the tires, and the
brakes must be all be rated to carry
the intended cargo. Inadequate trailer
equipment can cause the combination
to operate in an unexpected or unsafe
manner. Before driving, inspect all
trailer hitch parts and attachments,
safety chains, electrical connectors,
lamps, tires, and mirrors. See Towing
Equipment 0306. If the trailer has electric brakes, start the combination
moving and then manually apply the
trailer brake controller to check the
trailer brakes work. During the trip,
occasionally check that the cargo and
trailer are secure and that the lamps
and any trailer brakes are working.
Towing with a Stability Control
System
When towing, the stability control
system might be heard. The system
reacts to vehicle movement caused by
the trailer, which mainly occurs
during cornering. This is normal when
towing heavier trailers.
Following Distance
Stay at least twice as far behind the
vehicle ahead as you would when
driving without a trailer. This can help
to avoid heavy braking and sudden
turns.
Passing
More passing distance is needed when
towing a trailer. The combination of
the vehicle and trailer will not
accelerate as quickly and is much
longer than the vehicle alone. It is
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304 DRIVING AND OPERATING
.Shift into a gear.
.Release the parking brake.
2. Let up on the brake pedal.
3. Drive slowly until the trailer is clear of the chocks.
4. Stop and have someone pick up and store the chocks.
Maintenance when Trailer
Towing
The vehicle needs service more often
when used to tow trailers. See
Maintenance Schedule 0383. It is
especially important to check the
automatic transmission fluid, engine
oil, axle lubricant, belts, cooling
system, and brake system before and
during each trip.
Check periodically that all nuts and
bolts on the trailer hitch are tight.
Engine Cooling when Trailer
Towing
The cooling system may temporarily
overheat during severe operating
conditions. See Engine Overheating
0 326.
Trailer Towing (LSY 2.0L
L4 and LGY 3.0L
V6 Engines Only)
Caution
Towing a trailer improperly can
damage the vehicle and result in
costly repairs not covered by the
vehicle warranty. To tow a trailer
correctly, follow the directions in
this section and see your dealer for
important information about
towing a trailer with the vehicle.
Trailer Weight
{Warning
Never exceed the towing capacity
for your vehicle.
Safe trailering requires monitoring the
weight, speed, altitude, road grades,
outside temperature, dimensions of
the front of the trailer, and how
frequently the vehicle is used to tow a
trailer.
Before towing a trailer, always
separately weigh:
.the total weight on the vehicle's
tires.
.the trailer.
.the trailer tongue.
{Warning
You and others could be seriously
injured or killed if the trailer is too
heavy or the trailer brakes are
inadequate for the load. The vehicle
may be damaged, and the repairs
would not be covered by the vehicle
warranty.
Only tow a trailer if all the steps in
this section have been followed. Ask
your dealer for advice and
information about towing a trailer.
Gross Vehicle Weight
Rating (GVWR)
For information about the vehicle's
maximum load capacity, see Vehicle
Load Limits 0219. When calculating
the GVWR with a trailer attached, the
trailer tongue weight must be
included as part of the weight the
vehicle is carrying.
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306 DRIVING AND OPERATING
Towing Equipment
Hitches
Always use the correct hitch
equipment for your vehicle.
Crosswinds, large trucks going by, and
rough roads can affect the trailer and
the hitch.
Never attach rental hitches or other
bumper-type hitches. Only use
frame-mounted hitches that do not
attach to the bumper.
Always seal any holes in your vehicle
if the trailer hitch removed. If not
sealed, dirt, water, and carbon
monoxide (CO) from the exhaust may
enter your vehicle. SeeEngine Exhaust
0 231.
Consider using mechanical sway
controls with any trailer. Ask a
trailering professional about sway
controls or refer to the trailer
manufacturer's recommendations and
instructions.
Tires
.Do not tow a trailer while using a
compact spare tire on the vehicle.
.Tires must be properly inflated to
support loads while towing a trailer.
See Tires 0342 for instructions on
proper tire inflation.
Safety Chains
Always attach chains between the
vehicle and the trailer, and attach the
chains to the holes on the trailer hitch
platform. Instructions about safety
chains may be provided by the hitch
manufacturer or by the trailer
manufacturer.
Cross the safety chains under the
tongue of the trailer to help prevent
the tongue from contacting the road if
it becomes separated from the hitch.
Always leave just enough slack so the
combination can turn. Never allow
safety chains to drag on the ground.
Trailer Brakes
Loaded trailers over 450 kg (1,000 lb)
must be equipped with brake systems
and with brakes for each axle. Trailer
braking equipment conforming to
Canadian Standards Association (CSA)
requirement CAN3-D313, or its
equivalent, is recommended. State or local regulations may require
trailers to have their own braking
system if the loaded weight of the
trailer exceeds certain minimums that
can vary from state to state. Read and
follow the instructions for the trailer
brakes so they are installed, adjusted,
and maintained properly. Never
attempt to tap into your vehicle's
hydraulic brake system. If you do,
both the vehicle anti-lock brakes and
the trailer brakes may not function,
which could result in a crash.
Turn Signals When Towing a
Trailer
When properly connected, the trailer
turn signals will illuminate to indicate
the vehicle is turning, changing lanes,
or stopping. When towing a trailer,
the arrows on the instrument cluster
will illuminate even if the trailer is not
properly connected or the bulbs are
burned out.
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308 VEHICLE CARE
Vehicle Care
General Information
General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
California Proposition65 Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
California Perchlorate Materials Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
Accessories and Modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
Vehicle Checks
Doing Your OwnService Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
Engine Compartment Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
Engine Oil Life System . . . . . . . . . . . 318
Automatic Transmission Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
Engine Air Filter Life System . . . . 319
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . . . . . . 320
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322
Engine Overheating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326
Washer Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
Brake Pad Life System (If Equipped) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
Brake Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 Battery - North America . . . . . . . . . 330
All-Wheel Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Park Brake and P (Park)
Mechanism Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Wiper Blade Replacement . . . . . . . 331
Windshield Replacement . . . . . . . . 332
Gas Strut(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332
Headlamp Aiming
Front Headlamp Aiming . . . . . . . . . 333
Bulb Replacement
LED Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
Electrical System
Electrical System Overload . . . . . . 334
Fuses and Circuit Breakers . . . . . . 334
Engine Compartment Fuse
Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
Instrument Panel Fuse Block . . . . 337
Rear Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
Wheels and Tires
Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
All-Season Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
Winter Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
Run-Flat Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
Self-Sealing Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344
Low-Profile Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344
Summer Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344
Tire Sidewall Labeling . . . . . . . . . . . 345 Tire Designations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
Tire Terminology and
Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349
Tire Pressure for High-Speed Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
Tire Pressure Monitor System . . . 351
Tire Pressure Monitor Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352
Tire Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
Tire Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
When It Is Time for New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356
Buying New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
Different Size Tires and Wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358
Uniform Tire Quality Grading . . . 359
Wheel Alignment and Tire Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
Wheel Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
Tire Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
If a Tire Goes Flat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362
Storing the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368
Jump Starting
Jump Starting - NorthAmerica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368
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328 VEHICLE CARE
Caution (Continued)
expansion if freezing occurs,
which could damage the tank if
it is completely full.
Brakes
Disc brake linings have built-in wear
indicators that make a high-pitched
warning sound when the brake linings
are worn and new linings are needed.
The sound can come and go or can be
heard all the time when the vehicle is
moving, except when applying the
brake pedal firmly.
{Warning
The brake wear warning sound
means that soon the brakes will not
work well. That could lead to a
crash. When the brake wear
warning sound is heard, have the
vehicle serviced.
Caution
Continuing to drive with worn-out
brake linings could result in costly
brake repairs.
Some driving conditions or climates
can cause a brake squeal when the
brakes are first applied, clearing up
following several applications. This
does not mean something is wrong
with the brakes.
Properly torqued wheel nuts are
necessary to help prevent brake
pulsation. When tires are rotated,
inspect brake linings for wear and
evenly tighten wheel nuts in the
proper sequence to torque
specifications. See Capacities and
Specifications 0397.
Brake pads should be replaced as
complete axle sets.
Brake Pedal Travel
See your dealer if the brake pedal does
not return to normal height, or if
there is a rapid increase in pedal
travel. This could be a sign that brake
service may be required.
Replacing Brake System Parts
Always replace brake system parts
with new, approved replacement parts.
If this is not done, the brakes may not
work properly. The braking
performance can change in many
ways if the wrong brake parts are
installed or if parts are improperly
installed.
Brake Pad Life System (If
Equipped)
When to Change Brake Pads
This vehicle has a system that
estimates the remaining life of the
front and rear brake pads. Brake pad
life is displayed in the Driver
Information Center (DIC), along with
a percentage for each axle. The system
must be reset every time the brake
pads are changed.
When the system has determined that
the brake pads need to be replaced, a
message will display, which may
include mileage remaining.
Brake pads should always be replaced
as complete axle sets.
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342 VEHICLE CARE
Wheels and Tires
Tires
Every new GM vehicle has
high-quality tires made by a
leading tire manufacturer. See the
warranty manual for information
regarding the tire warranty and
where to get service. For
additional information refer to the
tire manufacturer.
{Warning
.Poorly maintained and
improperly used tires are
dangerous.
.Overloading the tires can
cause overheating as a result
of too much flexing. There
could be a blowout and a
serious crash. SeeVehicle
Load Limits 0219.
.Underinflated tires pose the
same danger as overloaded
tires. The resulting crash
(Continued)
Warning (Continued)
could cause serious injury.
Check all tires frequently to
maintain the recommended
pressure. Tire pressure should
be checked when the tires
are cold.
.Overinflated tires are more
likely to be cut, punctured,
or broken by a sudden impact
— such as when hitting a
pothole. Keep tires at the
recommended pressure.
.Worn or old tires can cause a
crash. If the tread is badly
worn, replace them.
.Replace any tires that have
been damaged by impacts
with potholes, curbs, etc.
.Improperly repaired tires can
cause a crash. Only the dealer
or an authorized tire service
(Continued)
Warning (Continued)
center should repair, replace,
dismount, and mount the
tires.
.Do not spin the tires in
excess of 56 km/h (35 mph)
on slippery surfaces such as
snow, mud, ice, etc. Excessive
spinning may cause the tires
to explode.
See Tire Pressure for High-Speed
Operation 0350 for inflation
pressure adjustment for
high-speed driving.
All-Season Tires
This vehicle may come with all-season
tires. These tires are designed to
provide good overall performance on
most road surfaces and weather
conditions. Original equipment tires
designed to GM's specific tire
performance criteria have a TPC
specification code molded onto the
sidewall. Original equipment
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VEHICLE CARE 343
all-season tires can be identified by
the last two characters of this TPC
code, which will be“MS.”
Consider installing winter tires on the
vehicle if frequent driving on snow or
ice-covered roads is expected.
All-season tires provide adequate
performance for most winter driving
conditions, but they may not offer the
same level of traction or performance
as winter tires on snow or ice-covered
roads. See Winter Tires 0343.
Winter Tires
This vehicle was not originally
equipped with winter tires. Winter
tires are designed for increased
traction on snow and ice-covered
roads. Consider installing winter tires
on the vehicle if frequent driving on
ice or snow covered roads is expected.
See your dealer for details regarding
winter tire availability and proper tire
selection. Also, see Buying New Tires
0 357.
With winter tires, there may be
decreased dry road traction, increased
road noise, and shorter tread life. After changing to winter tires, be alert
for changes in vehicle handling and
braking.
If using winter tires:
.Use tires of the same brand and
tread type on all four wheel
positions.
.Use only radial ply tires of the same
size, load range, and speed rating as
the original equipment tires.
Winter tires with the same speed
rating as the original equipment tires
may not be available for H, V, W, Y,
and ZR speed rated tires. If winter
tires with a lower speed rating are
chosen, never exceed the tire's
maximum speed capability.
Run-Flat Tires
This vehicle, when new, may have had
run-flat tires. There is no spare tire,
no tire changing equipment, and no
place to store a tire in the vehicle.
{Warning
While driving with run-flat tires at
a reduced inflation pressure, avoid
making sudden stops or severe
maneuvers as the handling
capabilities of the tires will be
reduced. Driving too fast could
cause loss of control and you or
others could be injured. Do not
drive over 80 km/h (50 mph) with
the tire operating at low pressure.
Drive cautiously and check the tire
pressure as soon as possible.
Run-flat tires can be driven up to
80 km (50 mi) at speeds less than
80 km/h (50 mph) after a loss of
inflation pressure has occurred. There
is no need to stop on the side of the
road to change the tire. The possible
driving range after a pressure loss will
vary based on the vehicle load and
driving conditions. As soon as
possible, contact the nearest
authorized GM or run-flat servicing
facility for inspection and repair or
replacement.
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344 VEHICLE CARE
When driving on a deflated run-flat
tire, avoid potholes and other road
hazards that could damage the tire
and/or wheel beyond repair. When a
tire has been damaged, or if driven
any distance while deflated, check
with an authorized run-flat tire
service center to determine whether
the tire can be repaired or should be
replaced. To maintain the run-flat
feature, all replacement tires must be
run-flat tires.
To locate the nearest GM or run-flat
servicing facility, call Customer
Assistance.
Self-Sealing Tires
This vehicle may have self-sealing
tires. These tires have a material
inside that can seal punctures from
common road hazards, such as nails
and screws, in the tread area. The tire
may lose air pressure if the sidewall is
damaged or the tread puncture is too
large. If the Tire Pressure Monitor
System indicates the tire pressure is
low, inspect the tire for damage and
inflate it to the recommended
pressure. If the tire is unable to
maintain the recommended pressure,contact the nearest authorized GM
servicing facility immediately for
inspection and repair or replacement.
To locate the nearest GM servicing
facility, call GM Customer Assistance.
Caution
Do not drive on a deflated
self-sealing tire as this could
damage the tire. Make sure the tire
is inflated to the recommended
pressure or have it immediately
repaired or replaced.
When tire replacement is needed
replace with a self-sealing tire,
because the vehicle does not come
with a spare tire or tire changing
equipment.
Low-Profile Tires
If the vehicle has 245/45R18 96V,
245/40R19 94V, 245/40ZR19 94Y,
or 255/35ZR20 97W size tires,
they are classified as low-profile
tires. Caution
Low-profile tires are more
susceptible to damage from road
hazards or curb impact than
standard profile tires. Tire and/or
wheel assembly damage can occur
when coming into contact with
road hazards like potholes, or sharp
edged objects, or when sliding into
a curb. The warranty does not cover
this type of damage. Keep tires set
to the correct inflation pressure and
when possible, avoid contact with
curbs, potholes, and other road
hazards.
Summer Tires
High Performance Summer Tires
This vehicle may come with may
come with 245/40ZR19 94Y high
performance summer tires. These tires
have a special tread and compound
that are optimized for maximum dry
and wet road performance. This
special tread and compound will have
decreased performance in cold
climates, and on ice and snow. It is
recommended that winter tires be