Start and driving
Economical and environmentally
friendly driving Fuel consumption, environmental pollution
and w
ear t
o the engine, brakes and tyres all
depend largely on driving style. Consumption
can be reduced between 10-15% with an effi-
cient driving type. The following section gives
you some tips on lessening the impact on the
environment and reducing your operating
costs at the same time.
Active cylinder management (ACT®)*
Depending on vehicle equipment, the active
cylinder management (ACT®) may deacti-
vate some of the engine cylinders if the driv-
ing situation does not require too much pow-
er.
Foresight when driving
If you think ahead when driving, you will need
to brake less and thus accelerate less. Take
advantage of the inertia of the vehicle when-
ever possible, with a gear engaged. This
takes advantage of the engine braking effect,
reducing wear on the brakes and tyres. Emis-
sions and fuel consumption will drop to zero.
Changing gear to save energy
An effective way of saving is to change in ad-
vance to a higher gear. Manual transmission: shift up fr
om first t
o
second gear as soon as possible. Choosing
the right gear enables fuel savings. Select the
highest possible gear appropriate for the
driving situation (the engine should continue
functioning with cyclical regularity).
Automatic transmission: accelerate gradu-
ally and without reaching the “kick-down”
position.
Avoid driving at high speed
Avoid travelling at your vehicle’s top speed,
whenever possible. Fuel consumption, emis-
sion of harmful gases and noise pollution
multiply as speed is increased. Driving at
moderate speeds will help to save fuel.
Reduce idling time
In vehicles with the Start-Stop system idling is
automatically reduced. In vehicles without
the Start-Stop system it is worth switching off
the engine, for example, at level crossings
and at traffic lights that remain red for long
periods of time. When an engine has reached
operating temperature, and depending on
the cylinder capacity, keeping it switched off
for a minimum of about 5 seconds already
saves more than the amount of fuel necessa-
ry for restarting.
The engine takes a long time to warm up
when it is idling. Mechanical wear and pollu-
tant emissions are also especially high during this initial warm-up phase. It is therefore best
to driv
e off immediately after starting the en-
gine. Avoid running the engine at high speed.
Regular maintenance
Regular servicing helps in saving fuel even
before the engine is started. A well-serviced
engine gives you the benefit of improved fuel
efficiency as well as maximum reliability and
an enhanced resale value. A badly serviced
engine can consume up to 10% more fuel
than necessary.
Avoid short journeys
The engine and catalytic converter need to
reach their optimal operating temperature
in order to minimise fuel consumption and
emissions.
A cold engine consumes a disproportionate
amount of fuel. The engine reaches its work-
ing temperature after about four kilometres
(2.5 miles), when fuel consumption will return
to a normal level.
Check tyre pressure
Always make sure the tyres are inflated to the
correct pressures ››› page 278
to save fuel. If
the pressure is below half bar, fuel consump-
tion may increase by 5%. Due to the greater
rolling resistance, under-inflation also increa-
ses tyre wear and impairs handling. »
209
Driving
Introduction Fig. 149
Instrument panel display: GRA status
indications. The cruise control system (CCS) is able to
maint
ain the set speed fr
om 20 km/h (15
mph).
The CSS only reduces vehicle speed by
ceasing to accelerate, not by actively braking
the vehicle ››› .
Depending on the equipment, the cruise con-
tr ol can be oper
ated using the lever of the
turn signals ››› page 215
or by the third lever
››› page 215.
Status display
GRA status ››› Fig. 149 CCS temporarily switched off. The set
speed is displayed in small or dark
ened
figures.
System error. Contact a specialised
workshop.
CCS switched on. The speed memory is
empty.
The CCS is switched on. The set speed is
displayed in large figures.
Changing gear in CCS mode
The CCS decelerates as soon as the clutch
pedal is pressed, intervening again automati-
cally after a gear is engaged.
Travelling down hills with the CCS
If the CCS cannot maintain a constant vehi-
cle speed downhill, brake and change down
a gear if necessary. The GRA is temporarily
disabled by pressing the brake.
Automatic off
The GRA disconnects automatically or is
temporarily interrupted:
Driving
Advance warning
If the syst em det
ects a possible collision with
the vehicle in front, it alerts the driver by
means of an audible warning and an indica-
tion on the instrument panel display
››› Fig. 155.
The warning moment varies depending on
the traffic situation and driver behaviour. At
the same time, the vehicle will prepare for a
possible emergency braking ››› .
Critical w arning
If the driv
er fails to react to the advance
warning, the system may actively intervene
in the brakes and generate a brief jolt to warn
the driver of the imminent danger of a colli-
sion.
Automatic braking
If the driver also fails to react to the critical
warning, the system may initiate independ-
ent emergency braking by progressively in-
creasing the braking in accordance with how
critical the situation is.
Driver emergency brake assistance sys-
tem
The system may detect that the driver is not
braking hard enough to avoid the collision. In
this case, it will increase the braking intensity. The system cannot prevent a collision, al-
though it can significantly minimise the con-
sequences by reducing the speed and the
f
orce of the impact. WARNING
Observe the safety warnings ››
› in Con-
tr ol and w
arning lamps on page 85. WARNING
Front Assist cannot change the laws of
physics or r epl
ace the driver in terms of
keeping control of the vehicle and reacting
to a possible emergency situation. WARNING
Following a Front Assist emergency warn-
ing, pay immediat e att
ention to the situa-
tion and try to avoid the collision as appli-
cable.
Driving
You can cancel this regulation by changing
the set speed or by pr essing the accel
erator
pedal.
The function works at speeds over 80 km/h
(50 mph). It may not be available in certain
countries.
Overtaking
When the turn signal is switched on for over-
taking, the ACC reduces the distance from
the vehicle in front to help with the overtaking
manoeuvre. The set cruising speed will not be
exceeded.
The function works at speeds over 80 km/h
(50 mph). It may not be available in certain
countries.
Stop&Go function
Valid for: vehicles with an automatic gearbox
The ACC can bring the vehicle to a standstill
(0 km/h) if the vehicle in front stops.
The ACC remains active and the message
A C C r e a d y t o s t a r t is displayed on the in-
strument cluster for a few seconds. During
this time, the vehicle will move off again if the
vehicle in front moves forwards.
If the vehicle in front does not move off, the
vehicle can be kept at a standstill with the
status A C C r e a d y t o s t a r t by pressing the
brake. The system can only keep the car stopped
for a f
ew seconds. After this, the B r a k e warn-
ing will be displayed and an audio warning
will be played. Press the brake pedal. The ve-
hicle may start moving forward if you do not
do this Accident hazard!
The ACC is deactivated while stopped in the
following cases:
Braking and parking
At high speed and with the windscreen wipers
activ at
ed, the brake pads will briefly touch
the brake discs. This takes place, although
unnoticeable to the driver, at regular intervals
to improve the response time of the brakes
when they are wet.
The effectiveness of the brakes can also be
temporarily reduced if the vehicle is driven for
some distance without using the brakes when
there is a lot of salt on the road in winter. The
layer of salt that accumulates on the discs
and pads can be removed by gently apply-
ing the brakes a few times.
Corrosion
There may be a tendency for corrosion to
form on the discs and dirt to build up on the
brake pads if the vehicle is used infrequently
or the brakes are not used very often.
If the brakes are not used frequently, or if rust
has formed on the disks, it is advisable to
clean off the pads and disks by braking firmly
a few times at a moderately high speed ››› .
F ault in the br
ake system
If the brake pedal travel should ever increase
suddenly, this may mean that one of the two
brake circuits has failed. Drive immediately to
the nearest specialised workshop and have
the fault repaired. Drive there slowly and re-
member that you will have to apply more pressure on the brake pedal and allow for
longer st
opping distances.
Low brake fluid level
Malfunctions can occur in the brake system if
the brake fluid level is too low. The brake fluid
level is monitored electronically.
Brake servo
The brake servo increases the pressure you
apply to the brake pedal. It works only when
the engine is running. WARNING
Any anomaly in the brake system can in-
cr ease the br
aking distance, with the re-
sulting risk of an accident.
Braking and parking
conditions. Depress the brake pedal or use
the hand br
ak
e immediately.
Driving
Electronic differential lock (EDL)*
When the EDL det ects wheel
spin, it brakes
the spinning wheel and directs the power to
the other driven wheel. This function is active
up to approximately 100 km/h (62 mph).
To prevent the disc brake of the braked wheel
from overheating, the EDL cuts out automati-
cally if subjected to excessive loads. The ve-
hicle can still be driven. The EDL will switch on
again automatically when the brake has
cooled down.
Tractor-trailer sway mitigation*
If the vehicle is pulling a trailer, it will control
the following: tractor-trailers tend to sway.
When the swaying of the trailer is felt by the
vehicle and detected by the ESC, it will auto-
matically brake the towing vehicle within the
limits of the system and mitigate the sway.
Tractor-trailer sway mitigation is not available
in all countries ››› page 248
.
Electronic engine torque management
(XDS)*
When taking a curve, the driveshaft differen-
tial allows the outer wheel to turn at a higher
speed than the inner wheel. In this way, the
wheel that is turning faster (outer wheel) re-
ceives less drive torque than the inner wheel.
This may mean that in certain situations the
torque delivered to the inner wheel is too
high, causing the wheels to spin. On the other hand, the outer wheel is receiving a lower
drive t
orque than it could transmit. This can
cause a loss of grip on the drive axle, in this
case the front axle, which results in under-
steer or “lengthening” of the trajectory.
The XDS can detect and correct this effect
via the sensors and signals of the ESC.
Via the ESC, the XDS will brake the inside
wheel and counter the excess driving torque
of that wheel. This means that the requested
trajectory is much more precise.
XDS works in combination with the ESC and is
always active, even when ASR is disconnec-
ted, or when the ESC is in Sport mode or dis-
connected.
Multi-collision brake
The multi-collision brake consists of automat-
ic braking activated by the Airbag control
unit. It is activated when, in the event of an
accident, the Airbag control unit detects de-
celerations above the activation level, and
braking is managed by the ESC system.
In the event of an accident, the multi-collision
brake can help the driver by braking to avoid
the risk of skidding during the accident and
causing other collisions.
The following actions control automatic brak-
ing during the accident:
Towing bracket device*
system must be disconnected manually
whene
v
er driving with a trailer. Otherwise
the brake system could be damaged and
could consequently cause a serious acci-
dent or injury.