2020 LINCOLN AVIATOR power steering

Descend a hill in the same gear you would
use to climb up the hill to avoid excessive
brake application and brake overheating. Do
not descend in neutral; instead, disengage
overdrive or manually shift to a lower gear.
When descending a steep hill, avoid sudden
hard braking as you could lose control. The
front wheels have to be turning in order to
steer the vehicle.
Your vehicle has anti-lock brakes, therefore
apply the brakes steadily. Do not “pump
” the
brakes.
Driving on Snow and Ice WARNING: If you are driving in
slippery conditions that require tire chains
or cables, then it is critical that you drive
cautiously. Keep speeds down, allow for
longer stopping distances and avoid
aggressive steering to reduce the chances
of a loss of vehicle control which can lead
to serious injury or death. If the rear end
of your vehicle slides while cornering, steer
in the direction of the slide until you regain
control of your vehicle. Note:
Excessive tire slippage can cause
driveline damage.
AWD vehicles have advantages over 2WD
vehicles in snow and ice but can skid like
any other vehicle.
Should you start to slide while driving on
snowy or icy roads, turn the steering wheel
in the direction of the slide until you regain
control.
Avoid sudden applications of power and
quick changes of direction on snow and ice.
Apply the accelerator slowly and steadily
when starting from a full stop.
Avoid sudden braking as well. Although an
AWD vehicle could accelerate better than a
two-wheel drive vehicle in snow and ice, it
will not stop any faster, because as in other
vehicles, braking occurs at all four wheels.
Do not become overconfident as to road
conditions. Make sure you allow sufficient distance
between you and other vehicles for stopping.
Drive slower than usual and consider using
one of the lower gears. In emergency
stopping situations, apply the brake steadily.
Since your vehicle is equipped with a four
wheel (ABS), do not “pump
” the brakes. See
Hints on Driving With Anti-Lock Brakes
(page
236).
Maintenance and Modifications
The suspension and steering systems on
your vehicle have been designed and tested
to provide predictable performance whether
loaded or empty and durable load carrying
capability. For this reason, we strongly
recommend that you do not make
modifications such as adding or removing
parts (such as lowering kits or stabilizer bars)
or by using replacement parts not equivalent
to the original factory equipment.
233
Aviator (CTV) Canada/United States of America, enUSA, Edition date: 201902, Third-Printing- All-Wheel Drive
(If Equipped)

GENERAL INFORMATION
Note:
Occasional brake noise is normal. If
a metal-to-metal, continuous grinding or
continuous squeal sound is present, the
brake linings may be worn-out and an
authorized dealer should check them. If the
vehicle has continuous vibration or shudder
in the steering wheel while braking, an
authorized dealer should check your vehicle.
Note: Brake dust may accumulate on the
wheels, even under normal driving
conditions. Some dust is inevitable as the
brakes wear and does not contribute to
brake noise. See Cleaning the Wheels
(page 384).
Wet brakes result in reduced braking
efficiency. Gently press the brake pedal a
few times when driving from a car wash or
standing water to dry the brakes. Brake Over Accelerator
In the event the accelerator pedal becomes
stuck or entrapped, apply steady and firm
pressure to the brake pedal to slow the
vehicle and reduce engine power. If you
experience this condition, apply the brakes
and bring your vehicle to a safe stop. Switch
the engine off, move the transmission to park
(P) and apply the parking brake. Inspect the
accelerator pedal and the area around it for
any items or debris that may be obstructing
its movement. If none are found and the
condition persists, have your vehicle towed
to the nearest authorized dealer.
Emergency Brake Assist
Emergency brake assist detects when you
brake heavily by measuring the rate at which
you press the brake pedal. It provides
maximum braking efficiency as long as you
press the pedal. Emergency brake assist
can reduce stopping distances in critical
situations.Note:
Depending on applicable laws and
regulations in the country for which your
vehicle was originally built, your brake lamps
could flash during heavy braking. Following
this, your hazard lights may also flash when
your vehicle comes to a stop.
Anti-lock Brake System
This system helps you maintain steering
control during emergency stops by keeping
the brakes from locking. This lamp momentarily illuminates
when you switch the ignition on.
If the light does not illuminate
during start up, remains on or flashes, the
anti-lock braking system may be disabled.
Have the system checked by an authorized
dealer. If the anti-lock brake system is
disabled, normal braking is still effective.
See
Warning Lamps and Indicators (page
125).
Note: Indicators vary depending on region.
235
Aviator (CTV) Canada/United States of America, enUSA, Edition date: 201902, Third-Printing- Brakes

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
WARNING: Vehicle modifications
involving braking system, aftermarket roof
racks, suspension, steering system, tire
construction and wheel and tire size may
change the handling characteristics of your
vehicle and may adversely affect the
performance of the electronic stability
control system. In addition, installing any
stereo loudspeakers may interfere with
and adversely affect the electronic stability
control system. Install any aftermarket
stereo loudspeaker as far as possible from
the front center console, the tunnel, and
the front seats in order to minimize the risk
of interfering with the electronic stability
control sensors. Reducing the
effectiveness of the electronic stability
control system could lead to an increased
risk of loss of vehicle control, vehicle
rollover, personal injury and death. WARNING:
Remember that even
advanced technology cannot defy the laws
of physics. It’ s always possible to lose
control of a vehicle due to inappropriate
driver input for the conditions. Aggressive
driving on any road condition can cause
you to lose control of your vehicle
increasing the risk of personal injury or
property damage. Activation of the
electronic stability control system is an
indication that at least some of the tires
have exceeded their ability to grip the
road; this could reduce the operator’ s
ability to control the vehicle potentially
resulting in a loss of vehicle control, vehicle
rollover, personal injury and death. If your
electronic stability control system activates,
SLOW DOWN.
The system automatically turns on each time
you switch the ignition on.
If a driving condition activates either the
stability control or the traction control system
you may experience the following conditions: •
The stability and traction control light
flashes.
• Your vehicle slows down.
• Reduced engine power.
• A vibration in the brake pedal.
• The brake pedal is stiffer than usual.
• If the driving condition is severe and your
foot is not on the brake, the brake pedal
may move as the systems applies higher
brake forces.
The stability control system has several
features built into it to help you maintain
control of your vehicle:
Electronic Stability Control
The system enhances your vehicle ’s ability
to prevent skids or lateral slides by applying
brakes to one or more of the wheels
individually and, if necessary, reducing
engine power.
246
Aviator (CTV) Canada/United States of America, enUSA, Edition date: 201902, Third-Printing- Stability Control

The system displays recognizable traffic
signs in four stages as follows:
1.
All new traffic signs appear brighter than
the others in the display.
2. After a predetermined time they display normally.
3. After a predetermined distance they become greyed out.
4. After another predetermined distance, the system deletes them.
If the system detects a supplementary traffic
sign, it displays below the respective traffic
sign.
If your vehicle has speed sign recognition
with navigation, stored traffic sign data may
influence the indicated speed limit value.
Switching the System On and Off
You can switch the system on and off using
the information display. See General
Information (page 130).
Note: The system remembers the last setting
when you start your vehicle. STEERING
Electric Power Steering WARNING:
The electric power
steering system has diagnostic checks that
continuously monitor the system. If a fault
is detected, a message displays in the
information display. Stop your vehicle as
soon as it is safe to do so. Switch the
ignition off. After at least 10 seconds,
switch the ignition on and watch the
information display for a steering system
warning message. If a steering system
warning message returns, have the system
checked as soon as possible. WARNING:
If the system detects an
error, you may not feel a difference in the
steering, however a serious condition may
exist. Have your vehicle checked as soon
as possible. Failure to do so may result in
loss of steering control.
Your vehicle has an electric power steering
system. There is no fluid reservoir and
therefore requires no maintenance. If your vehicle loses electrical power when
you are driving, electric power steering
assistance is lost. The steering system still
operates and you can manually steer your
vehicle. Manually steering your vehicle
requires more effort.
Extreme continuous steering could increase
the effort you need to steer your vehicle. This
increased effort prevents overheating and
permanent damage to the steering system.
You do not lose the ability to manually steer
your vehicle. Typical steering and driving
maneuvers allow the system to cool and
operate as normal.
Steering Tips
If the steering wanders or pulls, check for:
•
Correct tire pressures.
• Uneven tire wear.
• Loose or worn suspension components.
• Loose or worn steering components.
• Improper vehicle alignment.
Note: A high crown in the road or high
crosswinds could also make the steering
seem to wander or pull.
299
Aviator (CTV) Canada/United States of America, enUSA, Edition date: 201902, Third-Printing- Driving Aids

Adaptive Learning
The electronic power steering system
adaptive learning improves overall handling
and steering on roads with irregularities. It
communicates with the brake system to help
operate advanced stability control and
accident avoidance systems. When you
install a new battery or disconnect the
battery, you need to drive your vehicle a
short distance so it can relearn and reactivate
all systems.
Adaptive Steering
The adaptive steering system continually
changes the steering ratio with changes to
the vehicle speed, optimizing the steering
response in all conditions.
The adaptive steering system is designed
with a locking device. When the lock
engages, your vehicle returns to a fixed
steering ratio. Your vehicle may make a
sound when you start or switch off your
vehicle as the lock engages or disengages.
If your vehicle loses electrical power or
detects a fault when you are driving, the lock
engages and you are able to continue
steering. During this time, the steering wheel
may not be straight even when driving
straight ahead. You may need to use a
different steering wheel angle to properly
drive your vehicle. Extreme operating
conditions may cause the lock to engage.
This strategy prevents overheating and
permanent damage to the adaptive steering
system. Typical steering and driving
maneuvers allow the system to cool and
operate as normal.
Note:
The adaptive steering system has
diagnostic checks that continuously monitor
the system. If the system detects a fault, a
message displays in the information display.
If a red warning message displays, stop your
vehicle as soon as it is safe to do so. The
message may clear if the fault is no longer
present. If an adaptive steering system
warning message appears each time you
start your vehicle, have the system checked
as soon as possible. PRE-COLLISION ASSIST (IF EQUIPPED) WARNING:
You are responsible for
controlling your vehicle at all times. The
system is designed to be an aid and does
not relieve you of your responsibility to
drive with due care and attention. Failure
to follow this instruction could result in the
loss of control of your vehicle, personal
injury or death. WARNING:
The system does not
detect vehicles that are driving in a
different direction, cyclists or animals.
Apply the brakes when necessary. Failure
to follow this instruction could result in the
loss of control of your vehicle, personal
injury or death. WARNING:
The system does not
operate during hard acceleration or
steering. Failure to take care may lead to
a crash or personal injury.
300
Aviator (CTV) Canada/United States of America, enUSA, Edition date: 201902, Third-Printing- Driving Aids

WHAT IS DRIVE MODE CONTROL
The system delivers a driving experience
through a suite of sophisticated electronic
vehicle systems. These systems optimize
steering, handling and powertrain response.
This provides a single location to control
multiple systems performance settings.
Changing the drive mode automatically
changes the functionality of the following
systems:
•
Electronically power-assisted steering
system adjusts steering effort and feel
based on the mode you select. See
Steering (page 299).
• Electronic stability control and traction
control maintains your vehicle control in
adverse conditions or high performance
driving. See
Stability Control (page 246).
• Electronic throttle control enhances the
powertrain response to your driving
inputs.
• Transmission controls optimize with shift
schedules tuned to each mode.
• AWD settings become optimized and
tuned to each mode. The system automatically tailors your vehicle
configuration for each mode you select.
Note:
Not all settings, or modes, may be
available.
Note: The system has diagnostic checks that
continuously monitor the system for proper
operation. If a mode is unavailable due to a
system fault, the mode defaults to Normal.
SELECTING A DRIVE MODE
Note: Drive mode changes may not be
available when the ignition is off. Rotate the drive mode dial on the center
console to change the drive mode.
DRIVE MODES
Conserve
Enables efficient driving. It helps to deliver
maximum fuel efficiency and helps to
increase driving range.
Deep Conditions
(If Equipped)
For crossing terrain that has deformable
deep, rutted surfaces such as mud, deep
sand or deep snow. Do not use on dry, hard
surfaced roads.
If your vehicle has air suspension, it raises
approximately
1.2 in (30 mm) at low speeds
for improved ground clearance.
Note: Using deep conditions mode on dry
hard surfaces could produce some vibration,
driveline bind up, and potential excessive
tire wear. This mode is for slippery and loose
surfaces.
306
Aviator (CTV) Canada/United States of America, enUSA, Edition date: 201902, Third-Printing- Drive Mode ControlE297680

Deep Sand (If Equipped)
For crossing deep soft and dry sand.
Note: Using deep sand mode on dry hard
surfaces could produce some vibration,
driveline bind up, and potential excessive
tire wear. This mode is for slippery and loose
surfaces.
Excite
For sporty on-road driving. This mode
increases throttle response, provides a more
dynamic powertrain sound and steering feel,
along with quicker shifting. If your vehicle
has excite, the suspension stiffens, with an
emphasis on handling and control. The
transmission also holds gears longer, helping
your vehicle accelerate faster when shifting
gears.
If your vehicle has air suspension, it lowers
approximately
0.6 in (15 mm) to improve
aerodynamics. Normal
For everyday driving. This mode is a perfect
balance of excitement, comfort and
convenience. This is the default mode after
each ignition cycle.
Slippery
For less than ideal road conditions, such as
snow or ice covered roads. Slippery mode
inspires confidence without taking away from
driving pleasure. Slippery mode lowers
throttle response and optimizes shifting for
slippery surfaces.
Note:
Using slippery mode on dry hard
surfaces could produce some vibration,
driveline bind up, and potential excessive
tire wear as the intent of this mode is for
slippery and loose surfaces.
307
Aviator (CTV) Canada/United States of America, enUSA, Edition date: 201902, Third-Printing- Drive Mode Control

Note:
Reconnect the wiring to the trailer
after removing the trailer from the water.
When backing down a ramp during boat
launching or retrieval:
• Do not allow the static water level to rise
above the bottom edge of the rear
bumper.
• Do not allow waves to break higher than
6 in (15 cm)
above the bottom edge of
the rear bumper.
Exceeding these limits may allow water to
enter vehicle components:
• Causing internal damage to the
components.
• Affecting driveability, emissions, and
reliability.
Replace the rear axle lubricant anytime the
rear axle has been submerged in water.
Water may have contaminated the rear axle
lubricant, which is not normally checked or
changed unless a leak is suspected or other
axle repair is required. TOWING THE VEHICLE ON FOUR
WHEELS
Emergency Towing WARNING:
If your vehicle has a
steering wheel lock make sure the ignition
is in the accessory or on position when
being towed.
If your vehicle becomes inoperable without
access to wheel dollies or a vehicle transport
trailer, it can be flat-towed with all wheels on
the ground, regardless of the powertrain and
transmission configuration, under the
following conditions:
• Your vehicle is facing forward for towing
in a forward direction.
• Refer to the Manual Park Release
procedure. See Automatic Transmission
(page 223). Failing to do so could result
in damage to the transmission.
• Maximum speed is
35 mph (56 km/h).
• Maximum distance is
50 mi (80 km). Recreational Towing - Front-Wheel
Drive Vehicles
(If Equipped)
You cannot recreational tow your vehicle
with all wheels on the ground because
vehicle or transmission damage could occur.
Place the front wheels on a two-wheel tow
dolly. If you are using a tow dolly, follow the
instructions specified by the equipment
provider.
Recreational Towing - Rear-Wheel
Drive Vehicles
(If Equipped)
You cannot recreational tow your vehicle
with all wheels on the ground because
vehicle or transmission damage could occur.
We recommend towing your vehicle with all
four wheels off the ground, such as when
using a car-hauling trailer. Otherwise, you
cannot recreational tow your vehicle.
321
Aviator (CTV) Canada/United States of America, enUSA, Edition date: 201902, Third-Printing- Towing