2019 VOLVO XC90 TWIN ENGINE brake light

DRIVER SUPPORT
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345
The
Late warning distance setting should there-
fore only be used in exceptional cases, such as
when a more dynamic driving style is preferred.
WARNING
No automatic system can guarantee
100% correct function in all situations.
You should therefore never test use of
City Safety in the direction of people, ani-
mals or vehicles – this could lead to
severe damage, serious personal injury or
even death.
City Safety warns the driver if there is a
risk of collision, but the function cannot
reduce the driver's reaction time.
Even if the warning distance has been set
to Early, warnings may be perceived as
late in certain situations – e.g. when there
are large speed differences or if the vehi-
cle ahead suddenly brakes heavily.
With the warning distance set to
Early,
warnings come further in advance. This
may cause the warnings to come more
frequently than with warning distance
Normal, but is recommended since it can
make City Safety more effective.
NOTE The warning with direction indicators for Rear
Collision Warning is deactivated if the colli-
sion warning distance in the City Safety func-
tion is set to the lowest level "
Late".
The seat belt tensioning and braking func-
tions remain active.
Related information
City Safety™ (p. 341) Detecting obstacles with City Safety
City Safety can help detect vehicles, cyclists,
large animals and pedestrians.
VehiclesCity Safety detects most types of vehicles that
are either stationary, moving in the same direc-
tion as your vehicle or those described in “City
Safety in crossing traffic” and City Safety braking
for oncoming vehicles”.
For City Safety to be able to detect a vehicle in
the dark, its headlights and taillights must be on
and clearly visible.
Cyclists
Optimal examples of what City Safety would interpret to
be a cyclist: clear body and bicycle shapes.
For optimal performance, the system's function
for cyclist detection needs the clearest possible
information about the contours of the bicycle and

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346
of the cyclist's head, arm, shoulders, legs, torso
and lower body in combination with normal
human movements.
If large portions of the cyclist's body or the bicy-
cle itself are not visible to the function's camera,
it will not be able to detect a cyclist.
The system can only detect adult cyclists riding
on bicycles intended for adults.
WARNING
City Safety is supplementary driver support,
but it cannot detect all cyclists in all situations
and, for example, cannot see:
partially obscured cyclists.
cyclists if the background contrast of the
cyclist is poor - warning and brake inter-
ventions may then be late or not occur at
all.
cyclists in clothing that hides their body
contour.
bikes loaded with large objects.
The driver is always responsible for ensuring
that the vehicle is driven correctly and with a
safety distance suitable for the speed.
Pedestrians Optimal examples of what the system considers to be a
pedestrian: clear body contours.
For optimal performance, the system's function
for pedestrian detection needs the clearest pos-
sible information about body and bicycle con-
tours. This entails being able to detect the con-
tours of the pedestrian's head, arm, shoulders,
legs, torso and lower body in combination with
normal human movements.
In order to detect a pedestrian, there must be a
contrast to the background, which could depend
on clothing, weather conditions, etc. If there is lit-
tle contrast, the person may be detected late or
not at all, which may result in a delayed reaction
from the system or no reaction at all.
City Safety can detect pedestrians even in dark
conditions if they are illuminated by the vehicle's
headlights.WARNING City Safety is supplementary driver support,
but it cannot detect all pedestrians in all sit-
uations and, for example, cannot see:
partially obscured pedestrians, people in
clothing that hides their body contour or
pedestrians shorter than 80 cm (32 in.).
pedestrians if the background contrast of
the pedestrians is poor - warning and
brake interventions may then be late or
not occur at all.
pedestrians who are carrying large
objects.
The driver is always responsible for ensuring
that the vehicle is driven correctly and with a
safety distance suitable for the speed.

DRIVER SUPPORT
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347
Large animals Optimal examples of what City Safety would interpret as
a large animal: stationary or moving slowly and with clear
body contours.
For optimal performance, the system's function
for detecting large animals (e.g. moose, horses,
etc.) needs the clearest possible information
about body contours. This entails being able to
detect the animal straight from the side in combi-
nation with normal movements for that animal.
If parts of the animal's body are not visible to the
function's camera, the system will not be able to
detect the animal.
City Safety can detect large animals even in dark
conditions if they are illuminated by the vehicle's
headlights.WARNING City Safety is supplementary driver support,
but it cannot detect all large animals in all sit-
uations and, for example, cannot see:
partially obscured larger animals.
larger animals seen from the front or from
behind.
running or fast moving larger animals.
larger animals if the contrast of the ani-
mal's background is poor - warning and
brake interventions may then occur late
or not at all.
smaller animals such as cats and dogs.
The driver is always responsible for ensuring
that the vehicle is driven correctly and with a
safety distance suitable for the speed.
Related information
City Safety™ (p. 341)
City Safety in crossing traffic (p. 347)
City Safety braking for oncoming vehicles
(p. 350) City Safety in crossing traffic
City Safety
can assist the driver when turning in
the path of an oncoming vehicle in an intersec-
tion. : Sector in which City Safety can detect an oncoming
vehicle in crossing traffic.
In order for City Safety to detect an oncoming
vehicle in situations where there is a risk of a col-
lision, that vehicle must be within the sector in
which City Safety can analyze the situation.
The following criteria must also be met:
your vehicle's speed must be at least 4 km/h
(3 mph)
your vehicle must be making a left turn
the oncoming vehicle's headlights must be
on

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348
WARNING

The "City Safety in crossing traffic" func-
tion is supplementary driver support
intended to improve driving safety – it
cannot handle all situations in all traffic,
weather and road conditions.
Warnings and brake interventions due to
a collision risk with an oncoming vehicle
often come very late.
Never wait for a collision warning or for
City Safety to intervene.
City Safety is not a substitute for the driv-
er's attention and judgment. The driver is
always responsible for ensuring the vehi-
cle is driven in a safe manner, at the
appropriate speed, with an appropriate
distance to other vehicles, and in accord-
ance with current traffic rules and regula-
tions.
Related information

City Safety™ (p. 341) Limitations of City Safety in
crossing traffic
In certain situations, it may be difficult for City
Safety to help the driver avoid a collision with
crossing traffic. For example:
on slippery roads when Electronic Stability
Control (ESC) is actively operating
if an approaching vehicle is detected at a late
stage
if the oncoming vehicle is partially obstructed
by another vehicle or object
if the oncoming vehicle's headlights are off
if the oncoming vehicle is moving erratically
and e.g. suddenly changes lanes at a late
stage.
NOTE The function uses the vehicle's combined
camera and radar unit, which has certain gen-
eral limitations; see sections "Camera limita-
tions" and "Radar sensor limitations".
Related information

City Safety™ (p. 341)
City Safety limitations (p. 351)
City Safety in crossing traffic (p. 347)
Camera limitations (p. 338)
Radar sensor limitations (p. 333)

DRIVER SUPPORT
350City Safety braking for oncoming
vehicles
City Safety can help you apply the brakes for an
oncoming vehicle in your lane.
If an oncoming vehicle veers into your lane and a
collision is unavoidable, City Safety can help
reduce your vehicle's speed to attempt to miti-
gate the force of the collision. Own vehicle
Oncoming vehicles
The following criteria must be met for the func-
tion to work:
your vehicle's speed must be above 4 km/h
(3 mph)
the road must be straight
your lane must have clear side lane markings
your vehicle must be positioned straight in
your lane
the oncoming vehicle must be positioned
within your vehicle's lane markings
the oncoming vehicle's headlights must be
on
the function can only handle “front-to-front”
collisions
the function can only detect vehicles with
four wheels
the function requires functioning Electric
Seat Belt Tensioners (see section “Seat
belt tensioners”).
NOTE The function uses the vehicle's combined
camera and radar unit, which has certain gen-
eral limitations; see sections "Camera limita-
tions" and "Radar sensor limitations".
WARNING
The "City Safety braking for oncoming
vehicles" function is supplementary driver
support intended to help improve driving
safety – it cannot handle all situations in
all traffic, weather and road conditions.
Warnings and brake interventions due to
an imminent collision with an oncoming
vehicle always come very late.
Never wait for a collision warning or for
City Safety to intervene. If you notice any
hazard or other potentially dangerous sit-
uation, always fully apply the brakes.
City Safety is not a substitute for the driv-
er's attention and judgment. The driver is
always responsible for ensuring the vehi-
cle is driven in a safe manner, at the
appropriate speed, with an appropriate
distance to other vehicles, and in accord-
ance with current traffic rules and regula-
tions.
Related information

City Safety™ (p. 341)
City Safety limitations (p. 351)
Camera limitations (p. 338)
Radar sensor limitations (p. 333)
Seat belt tensioners (p. 50)

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352
Other limitations
WARNING

Warnings and brake interventions can be
triggered late or not at all if the traffic sit-
uation or external influences prevent the
camera and radar unit from properly
detecting pedestrians, cyclists, large ani-
mals or vehicles ahead of the vehicle.
To be able to detect vehicles at night, its
front and rear lights must work and illumi-
nate clearly.
The camera and radar unit have a limited
range for pedestrians and cyclists – the
system can provide effective warnings
and brake interventions if the relative
speed is lower than 50 km/h (30 mph).
For stationary or slow-moving vehicles,
warnings and brake interventions are
effective at vehicle speeds of up to
70 km/h (43 mph). Speed reduction for
large animals is less than 15 km/h
(9 mph) and can be achieved at vehicle
speeds over 70 km/h (43 mph). At lower
speeds, the warning and brake interven-
tion for large animals is less effective.
Warnings for stationary or slow-moving
vehicles and large animals can be disen-
gaged due to darkness or poor visibility.
Warnings and brake interventions for
pedestrians and cyclists are disengaged
at vehicle speeds over 80 km/h
(50 mph).
Do not place, affix or mount anything on
the inside or outside of the windshield, or
in front of or around the camera and
radar unit – this could disrupt camera-
based functions.
Objects, snow, ice or dirt in the area of
the camera sensor can reduce the func-
tion, disengage it completely or give an
improper function response.
NOTE The function uses the vehicle's combined
camera and radar unit, which has certain gen-
eral limitations; see sections "Camera limita-
tions" and "Radar sensor limitations".
Market limitationsCity Safety is not available in all countries. If City
Safety is not shown in the center display's
Settings menu, your vehicle is not equipped with
this function.
In the center display's Top view, tap:
Settings My Car IntelliSafe
Related information

City Safety™ (p. 341)
Camera limitations (p. 338)
Radar sensor limitations (p. 333)

DRIVER SUPPORT
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391
Park Assist front, rear and sides
Park Assist has different parameters depending
on which part of the vehicle is approaching an
obstacle.
Front camera Continuous tone warning signal when the obstacle is
less than approx. 30 cm (1 ft) from the vehicle
112
.
Park Assist's front sensors are automatically acti-
vated when the engine is started. They are active
at speeds below 10 km/h (6 mph).
The distance monitored extends approx. 80 cm
(2.5 ft) in front of the vehicle.
NOTE The Parking Assist system is deactivated
when the parking brake is applied or when P
is selected on vehicles with automatic trans-
mission.
CAUTION
When installing auxiliary lights: Make sure
these do not obscure the sensors – the auxili-
ary lights could be perceived as an obstacle.
Back
Continuous tone warning signal when the obstacle is
less than approx. 30 cm (1 ft) from the vehicle
112The rear sensors will be activated if the vehicle
begins rolling backward or if reverse gear is
engaged.
The distance monitored extends
approx. 1.5 meters (5 ft) behind the vehicle.
The Parking Assist system's rear sensors will be
automatically deactivated if the vehicle is backing
up with a trailer connected to the vehicle's elec-
trical system.
NOTE
When reversing with e.g. a trailer or bike car-
rier on the trailer hitch – without Volvo original
trailer cables – the Parking Assist system may
have to be turned off manually to prevent the
sensors from reacting to these.
112
The illustration is generic - details may vary according to vehicle mode\
l.

HYBRID INFORMATION
416General information about Twin
Engine
Twin Engine vehicles are driven just like any
other vehicle, but certain functions differ from a
vehicle powered exclusively by gasoline. The
electric motor powers the vehicle primarily at low
speeds; the gasoline engine is used at higher
speeds or during more active driving.
The instrument panel displays Twin Engine-spe-
cific information - charging information, selected
drive mode, distance to discharged battery and
hybrid battery charge level.
Different drive modes can be selected while driv-
ing, e.g. electric power only or, if more power is
needed, a combination of electric and gasoline
power. The vehicle calculates the optimal combi-
nation of driveability, driving experience, environ-
mental impact and fuel economy for the selected
drive mode.
In order to function optimally, the hybrid battery
(and its electrical drive systems) and the gasoline
engine (and its drive systems) must be at the
correct operating temperature. Battery capacity
can be considerably reduced if the battery is too
cold or too hot. Preconditioning prepares the
vehicle's drive systems and passenger compart-
ment before driving to help reduce both wear and
energy consumption. It also helps increase the
hybrid battery's range.
The hybrid battery which powers the electric
motor is recharged using the charging cable. It can also be recharged during light braking and
through engine braking in gear position B. The
combustion engine can also help recharge the
hybrid battery.
Important
No electrical current
Keep in mind that if there is no electrical current
to the vehicle, i.e. the ignition is switched off or
the start battery is discharged, certain functions
such as brakes, power steering, etc. will not work.
WARNING If the vehicle does not have electrical current
and both the electric motor and the gasoline
engine are switched off, the brakes cannot be
used to stop the vehicle.
Towing not permitted
Never tow a Twin Engine vehicle behind another
vehicle, as this could damage the electric motor.
Exterior engine noise
WARNING
Please be aware that there is no sound from
the engine when the vehicle is being powered
by the electric motor and it may be difficult to
detect by children, pedestrians, cyclists and
animals. This is especially true at low speeds.
High-voltage electrical current
WARNING A number of electrical components in Twin
Engine Plug-in Hybrid vehicles use high-volt-
age current and can be extremely dangerous
if handled incorrectly. These components and
any orange wiring in the vehicle may only be
handled by trained and qualified Volvo service
technicians.
Do not touch anything that is not clearly descri-
bed in this Owner's Manual.
Related information
Charging the hybrid battery (p. 417)
Hybrid gauge (p. 87)
Drive modes (p. 454)
Starting and stopping preconditioning
(p. 233)
Hybrid battery (p. 631)
Factors affecting electric motor range
(p. 469)