STARTING AND DRIVING
458
Winter driving
It is important to check the vehicle before drivingin cold/snowy conditions to make sure it can bedriven safely.
Before the cold season arrives:
Make sure the engine coolant contains 50%antifreeze. This mixture helps protect theengine from frost erosion down toapprox. -35 °C (-31 °F). Do not mix differenttypes of antifreeze as this could pose ahealth risk.
Keep the fuel tank well filled to prevent con-densation from forming.
Check the viscosity of the engine oil. Oil withlow viscosity (thinner oil) improves cold-weather starting and reduces fuel consump-tion when driving with a cold engine.
CAUTION
Low-viscosity oil should not be used with harddriving or in hot weather.
Check the condition and charge level of thestart battery. Cold weather places greaterdemands on the start battery and reduces itscapacity.
Use washer fluid containing antifreeze tohelp prevent ice from forming in the washerfluid reservoir.
Slippery driving conditions
For optimal traction and roadholding, Volvo rec-ommends using snow tires on all wheels when-ever there is a risk of snow or ice on the road.
NOTE
Certain countries require use of winter tiresby law. Not all countries permit the use ofstudded tires.
Practice driving on slippery surfaces under con-trolled conditions to learn how the vehicle reacts.
Related information
Snow tires (p. 563)
Snow chains (p. 563)
Braking on salted roads (p. 433)
Braking on wet roads (p. 433)
Filling washer fluid (p. 635)
Start battery (p. 601)
Replacing windshield wiper blades (p. 633)
Refilling coolant (p. 599)
Driving through standing water
Driving the vehicle through a deep pool of stand-ing water on a water-covered roadway is calledfording. This must be done with great caution.
To prevent damage to the vehicle when drivingthrough water (e.g. on flooded roads):
Do not drive in water higher than the floor ofthe vehicle. If possible, check the depth ofthe water at its deepest point before drivingthrough it. Be particularly careful when driv-ing through flowing water.
Do not drive faster than walking speed.
Do not stop the vehicle in the water. Drivecarefully forward or back the vehicle out ofthe water.
Remember that waves created by passingvehicles could cause the water level to riseabove the vehicle's floor level.
Avoid driving through salt water to help avoidthe risk of corrosion.
MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE
596
Engine compartment overview
This overview shows some service-related com-ponents.
Some of the components included in the vehi-cle's electric drive system are located in theengine compartment. Exercise caution whenaccessing the engine compartment and onlytouch what is required for normal maintenance.
WARNING
Orange wiring may only be handled by quali-fied personnel.
WARNING
Several components in the vehicle work withhigh voltage that can be hazardous in case ofan incorrect procedure.
Do not touch anything that is not clearlydescribed in this Owner's Manual.
Be careful when checking/filling fluids inthe engine compartment.
The layout of the engine compartment may vary depend-ing on model and engine variant.
Coolant expansion tank
Brake fluid reservoir (located on the driver'sside)
Washer fluid filler pipe12
Fusebox
Air filter
Engine oil filler pipe
WARNING
Bear in mind that the cooling fan (located atthe front of the engine compartment behindthe radiator) may start or continue runningautomatically up to about 6 minutes after theengine is turned off.
Always entrust engine washing to a workshop– an authorized Volvo workshop is recom-mended. If the engine is hot, there is a risk offire.
WARNING
The ignition system works with extremely highand dangerous voltages. The vehicle electricalsystem should always be in ignition mode 0when work in being performed in the enginecompartment.
Do not touch any spark plugs or ignition coilswhen the vehicle electrical system is in igni-tion mode II or when the engine is warm.
Related information
Opening and closing the hood (p. 594)
Filling washer fluid (p. 635)
Refilling coolant (p. 599)
Fuses in the engine compartment (p. 608)
Checking and filling engine oil (p. 598)
Ignition modes (p. 429)
12Fill the washer fluid at regular intervals, e.g. when refueling.
