Page 185 of 644

WARNING: To reduce the risk of
vehicle damage and personal burn
injuries, do not start your engine with the
air cleaner removed and do not remove
it while the engine is running.
In order to operate the engine in
temperatures of 32°F (0°C) or lower, read
the following instructions:
• Make sure that the batteries are of
sufficient size and are fully charged.
Check other electrical components to
make sure they are in optimum
condition.
• Use the proper coolant solution at the
concentration recommended
protecting the engine against damage
from freezing.
• Try to keep the fuel tank full as much
as possible at the end of operation to
prevent condensation in the fuel
system.
• Make sure you use proper cold weather
engine oil and that it is at its proper
level. Also, if necessary, make sure to
follow the engine oil and filter change
schedule found under the Special
operating conditions section listed in
the scheduled maintenance
information.
• At temperatures of
-9°F (-23°C) or
below, it is recommended that you use
an engine block heater to improve cold
engine starting.
• If operating in arctic temperatures of
-20°F (-29°C)
or lower, consult your
truck dealer for information about
special cold weather equipment and
precautions. The following cold weather idling
guidelines are recommended:
•
You can use Motorcraft® cetane
improvers or non-alcohol-based
cetane improvers from a reputable
manufacturer as needed.
• Maintain the engine cooling system
properly.
• Avoid shutting the engine down after
an extensive idling period. Drive your
vehicle for several miles with the
engine at normal operating
temperatures under a moderate load.
• Consider using an engine block heater.
• For extended idle times use an
approved idle speed increase device.
Winter Operating Tips for Arctic
Operation -20°F (-29°C) and Below
The following information is a guideline
only and is not to be the only source of
possible solutions in resolving extreme
cold temperature issues.
Starting Aids WARNING:
Do not use starting
fluid, for example ether, in the air intake
system. Such fluid could cause
immediate explosive damage to the
engine and possible personal injury.
The use of the factory engine block heater
assists in engine starting in extreme cold
ambient temperatures
See Engine Block
Heater (page 183).
182
F-150 (TFC) Canada/United States of America, enUSA, Edition date: 201808, Third-Printing- Starting and Stopping the Engine
Page 202 of 644

EMISSION LAW
WARNING: Do not remove or alter
the original equipment floor covering or
insulation between it and the metal floor
of the vehicle. The floor covering and
insulation protect occupants of the
vehicle from the engine and exhaust
system heat and noise. On vehicles with
no original equipment floor covering
insulation, do not carry passengers in a
manner that permits prolonged skin
contact with the metal floor. Failure to
follow these instructions may result in
fire or personal injury.
U.S. federal laws and certain state laws
prohibit removing or rendering inoperative
emission control system components.
Similar federal or provincial laws may
apply in Canada. We do not approve of any
vehicle modification without first
determining applicable laws. Tampering with emissions
control systems including
related sensors or the Diesel
Exhaust Fluid system can result in reduced
engine power and the illumination of the
service engine soon light. Tampering With a Noise Control
System
Federal laws prohibit the following acts:
•
Removal or rendering inoperative by
any person other than for purposes of
maintenance.
• Repair or replacement of any device or
element of the design incorporated into
a new vehicle for the purpose of noise
control prior to its sale or delivery to
the ultimate purchaser or while it is in
use.
• The use of the vehicle after any person
removes or renders inoperative any
device or element of the design.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
may presume to constitute tampering as
follows:
• Removal of hood blanket, fender apron
absorbers, fender apron barriers,
underbody noise shields or acoustically
absorptive material.
• Tampering or rendering inoperative the
engine speed governor, to allow engine
speed to exceed manufacturer
specifications.
If the engine does not start, runs rough,
experiences a decrease in engine
performance, experiences excess fuel
consumption or produces excessive
exhaust smoke, check for the following:
• A plugged or disconnected air inlet
system hose.
• A plugged engine air filter element.
• Water in the fuel filter and water
separator.
• A clogged fuel filter.
• Contaminated fuel.
• Air in the fuel system, due to loose
connections.
• An open or pinched sensor hose.
• Incorrect engine oil level.
199
F-150 (TFC) Canada/United States of America, enUSA, Edition date: 201808, Third-Printing- Engine Emission Control
Page 203 of 644

•
Incorrect fuel for climatic conditions.
• Incorrect engine oil viscosity for
climactic conditions.
Note: Some vehicles have a lifetime fuel
filter that is integrated with the fuel tank.
Regular maintenance or replacement is not
needed.
Note: If these checks do not help you
correct the concern, have your vehicle
checked as soon as possible.
Noise Emissions Warranty,
Prohibited Tampering Acts and
Maintenance
On January 1, 1978, Federal regulation
became effective governing the noise
emission on trucks over 10,000 lb
(4,536 kg) Gross Vehicle Weight Rating
(GVWR). The preceding statements
concerning prohibited tampering acts and
maintenance, and the noise warranty
found in the Warranty Guide, are
applicable to complete chassis cabs over
10,000 lb (4,536 kg)
GVWR.
CATALYTIC CONVERTER WARNING:
Do not park, idle or
drive your vehicle on dry grass or other
dry ground cover. The emission system
heats up the engine compartment and
exhaust system, creating the risk of fire. WARNING:
The normal operating
temperature of the exhaust system is
very high. Never work around or attempt
to repair any part of the exhaust system
until it has cooled. Use special care when
working around the catalytic converter.
The catalytic converter heats up to a very
high temperature after only a short
period of engine operation and stays hot
after the engine is switched off. WARNING:
Exhaust leaks may
result in entry of harmful and potentially
lethal fumes into the passenger
compartment. If you smell exhaust
fumes inside your vehicle, have your
vehicle inspected immediately. Do not
drive if you smell exhaust fumes. WARNING:
Do not allow people
or animals in truck beds that have
modifications, such as bed covers or
slide-in campers, when the engine is
running. Exhaust fumes are toxic. Failure
to follow this instruction could result in
personal injury or death.
Your vehicle has various emission control
components and a catalytic converter that
enables it to comply with applicable
exhaust emission standards.
To make sure that the catalytic converter
and other emission control components
continue to work properly:
• Do not crank the engine for more than
10 seconds at a time.
• Do not run the engine with a spark plug
lead disconnected.
• Do not push-start or tow-start your
vehicle. Use booster cables. See Jump
Starting the Vehicle
(page 328).
• Use only the specified fuel listed.
• Do not switch the ignition off when your
vehicle is moving.
• Avoid running out of fuel.
• Have the items listed in scheduled
maintenance information performed
according to the specified schedule.
Note: Your vehicle warranty does not cover
resulting component damage.
200
F-150 (TFC) Canada/United States of America, enUSA, Edition date: 201808, Third-Printing- Engine Emission Control
Page 354 of 644
3. Raise the hood until the lift cylinders
hold it open.
4. To close, lower the hood and make sure that it is closed properly and fully
latched.
UNDER HOOD OVERVIEW - 2.7L ECOBOOST™ Windshield washer fluid reservoir. See Washer Fluid Check (page 365).
A.
Power distribution box. See
Fuses (page 339).
B.
Battery.
See Changing the 12V Battery (page 366).
C.
Engine oil filler cap.
See Engine Oil Check (page 356).
D.
Engine oil dipstick.
See Engine Oil Dipstick (page 356).
E.
351
F-150 (TFC) Canada/United States of America, enUSA, Edition date: 201808, Third-Printing- MaintenanceE190266 E249452
Page 355 of 644
Brake fluid reservoir. See Brake Fluid Check (page 364).
F.
Air filter assembly. See
Changing the Engine Air Filter (page 374).
G.
Engine coolant reservoir.
See Engine Coolant Check (page 359).
H.
UNDER HOOD OVERVIEW - 3.0L DIESEL Power distribution box. See
Fuses (page 339).
A.
Engine oil filler cap. See
Engine Oil Check (page 356).
B.
Engine oil dipstick. See
Engine Oil Dipstick (page 356).
C.
Brake fluid reservoir. See
Brake Fluid Check (page 364).
D.
Air filter assembly. See
Changing the Engine Air Filter (page 374).
E.
Engine coolant reservoir. See
Engine Coolant Check (page 359).
F.
Battery. See
Changing the 12V Battery (page 366).
G.
Windshield washer fluid reservoir. See
Washer Fluid Check (page 365).
H.
352
F-150 (TFC) Canada/United States of America, enUSA, Edition date: 201808, Third-Printing- MaintenanceE247635
Page 356 of 644
UNDER HOOD OVERVIEW - 3.3L
Power distribution box. See Fuses (page 339).
A.
Engine oil filler cap. See
Engine Oil Check (page 356).
B.
Engine oil dipstick. See
Engine Oil Dipstick (page 356).
C.
Brake fluid reservoir. See
Brake Fluid Check (page 364).
D.
Air filter assembly. See
Changing the Engine Air Filter (page 374).
E.
Engine coolant reservoir. See
Engine Coolant Check (page 359).
F.
Battery. See
Changing the 12V Battery (page 366).
G.
Windshield washer fluid reservoir. See
Washer Fluid Check (page 365).
H.
353
F-150 (TFC) Canada/United States of America, enUSA, Edition date: 201808, Third-Printing- MaintenanceE247636
Page 357 of 644
UNDER HOOD OVERVIEW - 3.5L ECOBOOST™
Windshield washer fluid reservoir. See Washer Fluid Check (page 365).
A.
Power distribution box.
See Changing a Fuse (page 348).
B.
Battery.
See Changing the 12V Battery (page 366).
C.
Engine oil filler cap.
See Engine Oil Check (page 356).
D.
Engine oil dipstick.
See Engine Oil Dipstick (page 356).
E.
Brake fluid reservoir. See
Brake Fluid Check (page 364).
F.
Air filter.
See Changing the Engine Air Filter (page 374).
G.
Engine coolant reservoir. See
Engine Coolant Check (page 359).
H.
354
F-150 (TFC) Canada/United States of America, enUSA, Edition date: 201808, Third-Printing- MaintenanceE258054
Page 358 of 644
UNDER HOOD OVERVIEW - 5.0L
Windshield washer fluid reservoir. See Washer Fluid Check (page 365).
A.
Battery. See
Changing the 12V Battery (page 366).
B.
Engine oil filler cap. See
Engine Oil Check (page 356).
C.
Engine oil dipstick. See
Engine Oil Dipstick (page 356).
D.
Brake fluid reservoir. See
Brake Fluid Check (page 364).
E.
Air filter assembly. See
Changing the Engine Air Filter (page 374).
F.
Engine coolant reservoir. See
Engine Coolant Check (page 359).
G.
355
F-150 (TFC) Canada/United States of America, enUSA, Edition date: 201808, Third-Printing- MaintenanceE251845