2019 CHEVROLET CAMARO engine

Chevrolet Camaro Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
12461811) - 2019 - crc - 11/5/18
346 Customer Information
puts you in danger, or you are
instructed to move it by a police
officer.
Give only the necessary information
to police and other parties involved
in the crash.
For emergency towing see
Roadside Assistance Program
0341.
Gather the following information:
. Driver name, address, and
telephone number
. Driver license number
. Owner name, address, and
telephone number
. Vehicle license plate number
. Vehicle make, model, and
model year
. Vehicle Identification
Number (VIN)
. Insurance company and policy
number
. General description of the
damage to the other vehicle Choose a reputable repair facility
that uses quality replacement parts.
See
“Collision Parts” earlier in this
section.
If the airbag has inflated, see What
Will You See after an Airbag
Inflates? 080.
Managing the Vehicle Damage
Repair Process
In the event that the vehicle requires
damage repairs, GM recommends
that you take an active role in its
repair. If you have a pre-determined
repair facility of choice, take the
vehicle there, or have it towed there.
Specify to the facility that any
required replacement collision parts
be original equipment parts, either
new Genuine GM parts or recycled
original GM parts. Remember,
recycled parts will not be covered by
the GM vehicle warranty.
Insurance pays the bill for the repair,
but you must live with the repair.
Depending on your policy limits,
your insurance company may
initially value the repair using
aftermarket parts. Discuss this with the repair professional, and insist on
Genuine GM parts. Remember,
if the vehicle is leased, you may be
obligated to have the vehicle
repaired with Genuine GM parts,
even if your insurance coverage
does not pay the full cost.
If another party's insurance
company is paying for the repairs,
you are not obligated to accept a
repair valuation based on that
insurance company's collision policy
repair limits, as you have no
contractual limits with that company.
In such cases, you can have control
of the repair and parts choices as
long as the cost stays within
reasonable limits.
Publication Ordering
Information
Service Manuals
Service manuals have the diagnosis
and repair information on the
engine, transmission, axle,
suspension, brakes, electrical
system, steering system, body, etc.

Chevrolet Camaro Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
12461811) - 2019 - crc - 11/5/18
Customer Information 349
In Canada, call 1-800-263-3777
(English) or 1-800-263-7854
(French), or write:
General Motors of Canada
Company
Customer Care Centre, Mail Code:
CA1-163-005
1908 Colonel Sam Drive
Oshawa, Ontario L1H 8P7
In Mexico, call 01-800-466-0811.
In other Central America and
Caribbean Countries, call
52-722-236-0680.Vehicle Data
Recording and
Privacy
The vehicle has a number of
computers that record information
about the vehicle’s performance and
how it is driven. For example, the
vehicle uses computer modules to
monitor and control engine and
transmission performance, to
monitor the conditions for airbag
deployment and deploy them in a
crash, and, if equipped, to provide
antilock braking to help the driver
control the vehicle. These modules
may store data to help the dealer
technician service the vehicle.
Some modules may also store data
about how the vehicle is operated,
such as rate of fuel consumption or
average speed. These modules may
retain personal preferences, such as
radio presets, seat positions, and
temperature settings.
Event Data Recorders
This vehicle is equipped with an
event data recorder (EDR). The
main purpose of an EDR is to
record, in certain crash or near
crash-like situations, such as an air
bag deployment or hitting a road
obstacle, data that will assist in
understanding how a vehicle’s
systems performed. The EDR is
designed to record data related to
vehicle dynamics and safety
systems for a short period of time,
typically 30 seconds or less. The
EDR in this vehicle is designed to
record such data as:
.How various systems in your
vehicle were operating;
. Whether or not the driver and
passenger safety belts were
buckled/fastened;
. How far (if at all) the driver was
depressing the accelerator and/
or brake pedal; and,
. How fast the vehicle was
traveling.

Chevrolet Camaro Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
12461811) - 2019 - crc - 11/5/18
OnStar 353
Security
If equipped, OnStar provides these
services:
.With Stolen Vehicle Assistance,
OnStar Advisors can use GPS to
pinpoint the vehicle and help
authorities quickly recover it.
. With Remote Ignition Block,
if equipped, OnStar can block
the engine from being restarted.
. With Stolen Vehicle Slowdown,
if equipped, OnStar can work
with law enforcement to
gradually slow the vehicle down.
Theft Alarm Notification
If equipped, if the doors are locked
and the vehicle alarm sounds, a
notification by text, e-mail, or phone
call will be sent. If the vehicle is
stolen, an OnStar Advisor can work
with authorities to recover the
vehicle.
OnStar Additional
Information
In-Vehicle Audio Messages
Audio messages may play important
information at the following times:
.Prior to vehicle purchase. Press
|to set up an account.
. After change in ownership and
at 90 days.
Transferring Service
Press|to request account transfer
eligibility information. The Advisor
can cancel or change account
information.
Selling/Transferring the
Vehicle
Call 1-888-4ONSTAR
(1-888-466-7827) immediately to
terminate your OnStar or connected
services if the vehicle is disposed
of, sold, transferred, or if the
lease ends.
Reactivation for Subsequent
Owners
Press|and follow the prompts to
speak to an Advisor as soon as
possible. The Advisor will update
vehicle records and explain OnStar
or connected service options.
How OnStar Service Works
Automatic Crash Response,
Emergency Services, Crisis Assist,
Stolen Vehicle Assistance, Remote
Services, Roadside Assistance, and
Hands-Free Calling are available on
most vehicles. Not all OnStar
services are available everywhere
or on all vehicles. For more
information, a full description of
OnStar services, system limitations,
and OnStar User Terms, Privacy
Statement, and Software Terms:
. Call 1-888-4ONSTAR
(1-888-466-7827).
. See www.onstar.com (U.S.).
. See www.onstar.ca (Canada).
. Call TTY 1-877-248-2080.

Chevrolet Camaro Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
12461811) - 2019 - crc - 11/5/18
Index 363
IndexA
Accessories andModifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Accessory Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Active Fuel Management . . . . . . . 197
Active Rev Match . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Add-On Electrical Equipment . . . 233
Additional Information OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
Additional Maintenance
and Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326
Air Cleaner/Filter, Engine . . . . . . . 249
Air Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . 160, 163
Air Filter Life System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Air Filter, Passenger Compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Air Vents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Airbag System Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
How Does an AirbagRestrain? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Passenger Sensing System . . . . 81
What Makes an Airbag Inflate? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
What Will You See after an Airbag Inflates? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Airbag System (cont'd)
When Should an Airbag
Inflate? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Where Are the Airbags? . . . . . . . . 76
Airbags Adding Equipment to theVehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Passenger Status Indicator . . . 125
Readiness Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Servicing Airbag-Equipped Vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
System Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Alarm Vehicle Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Alert Lane Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
Side Blind Zone (SBZA) . . . . . . 226
All-Season Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
Antilock Brake System (ABS) . . . 206
Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Appearance Care Exterior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
Interior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
Assistance Program, Roadside . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
Assistance Systems for Parking and Backing . . . . . . . . . . 222

Chevrolet Camaro Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
12461811) - 2019 - crc - 11/5/18
364 Index
AutomaticClimate Control System . . . . . . . 160
Dimming Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Door Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Headlamp System . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
Transmission Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Automatic Transmission Manual Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Shift Lock Control FunctionCheck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Axle, Rear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
B
Battery Exterior Lighting BatterySaver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Load Management . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Power Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Battery - North America . . . . 260, 303
Blade Replacement, Wiper . . . . . 262
Boost Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Brake Parking, Electric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
System Warning Light . . . . . . . . 128
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Antilock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Assist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 Brakes (cont'd)
Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Braking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Break-In, New Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . 190
Bulb Replacement Back-up Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Halogen Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Headlamp Aiming . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
Headlamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
High Intensity Discharge(HID) Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
License Plate Lamps . . . . . . . . . 266
Buying New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290C
Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
California Perchlorate MaterialsRequirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
California Proposition
65 Warning . . . . . . . . . .235, 260, 303, Back Cover
Canadian Vehicle Owners . . . . . . . . 2
Capacities and
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
Carbon Monoxide Engine Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 Carbon Monoxide (cont'd)
Trunk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Winter Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Caution, Danger, and Warning . . . . 2
Center Console Storage . . . . . . . . 107
Chains, Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
Charging
Wireless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Charging System Light . . . . . . . . . 126
Check
Engine Light (MalfunctionIndicator) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Child Restraints Infants and Young Children . . . . . 89
Lower Anchors and Tethers
for Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Older Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Securing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100, 102
Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Circuit Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Cleaning Exterior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
Interior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
Climate Control Systems Automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Dual Automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Cluster, Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Chevrolet Camaro Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
12461811) - 2019 - crc - 11/5/18
Index 365
Clutch, Hydraulic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Collision Damage Repair . . . . . . . 344
CompartmentsStorage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Compass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Competitive Driving Mode . . . . . . 215
Compressor Kit, Tire Sealant . . . 296
Connected Services Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362
Navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359
Connections Connected Services . . . . . . . . . . 360
Control Traction and ElectronicStability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Control of a Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Convenience Net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Convertible Top . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Convex Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Coolant Engine Temperature Gauge . . 122
Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160, 163
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Courtesy Transportation Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217 Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Customer Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . 340
Offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
Text Telephone (TTY)
Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
Customer Information Publications OrderingInformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
Customer Satisfaction Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
D
Damage Repair, Collision . . . . . . . 344
Danger, Warning, and Caution . . . . 2
Data CollectionInfotainment System . . . . . . . . . . 350
OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
Data Recorder
Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Data Recorders, Event . . . . . . . . . 349
Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Defensive Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Diagnostics Connected Services . . . . . . . . . . 362
Distracted Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Door
Ajar Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Door (cont'd)
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Power Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Drive Belt Routing, Engine . . . . . . 336
Driver Assistance Systems . . . . . 220
Driver Information Center (DIC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Driver Mode Control . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Driving
Competitive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Defensive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Drunk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
For Better Fuel Economy . . . . . . . 25
Hill and Mountain Roads . . . . . . 184
If the Vehicle is Stuck . . . . . . . . . 186
Loss of Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Off-Road Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Track Events andCompetitive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Vehicle Load Limits . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Wet Roads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Dual Automatic Climate Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

Chevrolet Camaro Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
12461811) - 2019 - crc - 11/5/18
366 Index
E
Electric Parking Brake . . . . . . . . . . 207
Electric Parking Brake Light . . . . 129
Electrical Equipment,Add-On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Electrical System Engine Compartment FuseBlock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Fuses and Circuit Breakers . . . 267
Overload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
Rear Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Emergency OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Check Light (MalfunctionIndicator) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Compartment Overview . . . . . . . 238
Coolant Temperature
Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Drive Belt Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . 336
Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Heater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Oil Life System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
Oil Pressure Gauge . . . . . . . . . . 121
Oil Pressure Light . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 Engine (cont'd)
Overheating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Power Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Running While Parked . . . . . . . . 199
Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Engine Air Filter Life System . . . . 248
Entry Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Event Data Recorders . . . . . . . . . . 349
Exit Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Extended Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Extender, Seat Belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Exterior Lamp Controls . . . . . . . . . 147
Exterior Lighting Battery Saver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
F
Features
Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Filter,
Engine Air Cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Flashers, Hazard Warning . . . . . . 149
Flat Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
Floor Mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
Fluid Automatic Transmission . . . . . . 247
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 Forward Collision Alert
(FCA) System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
Frequency Statement Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
Front Seats Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Heated and Ventilated . . . . . . . . . . 66
Fuel Additives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
Economy Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Filling a Portable FuelContainer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Filling the Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
Foreign Countries . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119
Low Fuel Warning Light . . . . . . . 132
Management, Active . . . . . . . . . . 197
Prohibited Fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Recommended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Top Tier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
Fuses
Engine Compartment FuseBlock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Fuses and Circuit Breakers . . . 267
Rear Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271

Chevrolet Camaro Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
12461811) - 2019 - crc - 11/5/18
Index 367
G
Gas Strut(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
GaugesBoost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Engine CoolantTemperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Engine Oil Pressure . . . . . . . . . . 121
Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119
Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119
Speedometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119
Tachometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119
Trip Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119
Voltmeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Warning Lights and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114
General Information Service and Maintenance . . . . . 318
Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Vehicle Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Glove Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
GM Mobility Reimbursement Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
H
Halogen Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Hazard Warning Flashers . . . . . . . 149
Head Restraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Head-up Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 Headlamps
Aiming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
Automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Daytime Running
Lamps (DRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
High Intensity Discharge
(HID) Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
High-Beam On Light . . . . . . . . . . 133
High/Low Beam Changer . . . . . 147
Lamps On Reminder . . . . . . . . . 133
Heated Steering Wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Heated and Ventilated Front Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Heated Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Heater Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160, 163
High-Beam On Light . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
High-Speed Operation . . . . . . . . . . 283
Hill and Mountain Roads . . . . . . . . 184
Hill Start Assist (HSA) . . . . . . . . . . 209
Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Horn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
How to Wear Seat Belts Properly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 HVAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160, 163
Hydraulic Clutch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
I
Ignition Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Immobilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Indicator
Vehicle Ahead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Infants and Young Children, Restraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Information Publication Ordering . . . . . . . . . . 346
Infotainment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Infotainment System . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
Instrument Cluster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Interior Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Interior Rearview Mirrors . . . . . . . . . 46
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
J
Jump Starting - North America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
K
Keyless Entry
Remote (RKE) System . . . . . . . . . 27
Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26