2019 AUDI Q7 audio

Voicerecognitionsystem

Appliesto:vehicleswithvoicerecognitionsystem
Requirement:theRadiomustalreadybeopen.Dependingonthevehicleequipmentandthese-
lectedfrequencyband,youcansaythefollowing
commands:

FunctionSay:

SelectingthefrequencybandFM*/SiriusXM*/FM/AM

Selectingastationfromthestation
list
Channel(XY)/Frequency(XY)

Selectingastationfromfavorites/
presets
Radiopresets>Line(XY)

SettingthefrequencyFrequency(XY)/Frequency(XY)HD1

CorrectingdatainputNoImeant(XY)

Closingthefull-screencommand
list

Close

Appliesto:vehicleswithvoicerecognitionsystem
Requirement:youmustbeintheMediamenu.Dependingonthevehicleequipmentandtheac-
tivemedia,youcansaythefollowingcommands:

FunctionSay:

SelectingasourcedirectlyJukebox*/CD/DVD/SDcard1/ SDcard2/Audimusicinter-
face*/iPhone*/USB*/Bluetooth*/Wi-Fi*/Medium(XY),for
example“John'splayer”

Selectingaudio/video*filesinthe
Jukebox*
Mediafavorites/Artists/Albums/Genres/Tracks/Playlists/
Videos

SelectingaudiofilesonaniPod
(source:Audimusicinterface*)
Artists/Albums/Genres/Tracks/Playlists/Composers/
Podcasts/Audiobooks

Navigatingwithinafolderstruc-
ture/list
Folderup/Line(XY)


list
SelectingshuffleShuffleon/Shuffleoff
CorrectingdatainputNoImeant(XY)
Closingthefull-screencommandClose

@®)Note
Alwaysfollowtheinformationfoundin>@in
Wi-Fisettingsonpage200.
176
Externalvoiceoperation
Appliesto:vehicleswithvoicerecognitionsystem andexter-
nalvoiceoperation
Requirement:
TheignitionandtheMMImustbe switchedon.
Nophonecallisinprogress.

4M0012721BG
Audiconnect

—Appliesto:embeddedSIMcardusage:The
connectioncostsforAudiconnectInfotain-
mentservicesareincludedinthepriceof
AudiconnectInfotainment.Pleasenote
thatchargesmayapplywhenusingcertain
services.Forexample,thisappliestoInter-
netradio/podcastsorforservicesthatuse
theWi-Fihotspot,suchasonlinemedia
sources.Depending onthecountry,data
plansmayneedtobepurchasedforthese
services>page201.Foradditionalinfor-
mation,seewww.audiusa.com/myaudi.
—Youareresponsibleforallprecautionstaken
fordataprotection,anti-virusprotection,
andprotectionagainstlossofdataonmo-
biledevicesthatareusedtoaccesstheIn-
ternetthroughtheWi-Fihotspot.
@Tips
InvehicleswithoutAudiconnectInfotain-
ment,theuseoftheWi-Fihotspotisonly
possiblefortheWi-Fiaudioplayer*.Adata
connectiontotheInternetcannotbeestab-
lished.
Dataplans)
Appliesto:vehicleswith dataplans
Requirement:YoumusthavearegisteredmyAudi
accountatwww.audiusa.com/myaudi.Yourvehi-
clemustberegisteredinyourmyAudiaccount.
Youcanpurchasedataplansatwww.audiusa.
com/myaudi.
Troubleshooting
Appliesto:vehicleswithAudiconnectInfotainment


ZAWARNING
—Asthedriver,donotallowusageoftheWi-
Fihotspottodistractyoufromdriving,as
thiscouldincreasetheriskofanaccident.
—Itisonlysafe tousetablets,laptops,mobile
devices,andothersimilardeviceswhenthe
vehicleisstationarybecause,likeallloose
objects,theycouldbethrownaroundthein-
sideofthevehicleinacrashandcauseseri-
ousinjuries.Storethesetypesofdevicesse-
curelywhiledriving.
—Donotuseanywirelessdevicesonthefront
seatswithinrangeoftheairbagswhiledriv-
ing.Also readthewarningsinthechapter
=>page272,Frontairbags.

()Note
ReadtheinformationaboutAudiconnect,and
besure tonotetheconnectivitycostssection
=>)inWi-Fisettingsonpage200.
@)Tips
—Pleasenotethatanyvehiclepassengercan
deletetheSIMowner.
—Theassociatedvehicleisnotautomatically
deletedfromthecustomerportalforthe
cellphoneserviceproviderwhenyoudelete
theSIMownerinthevehicle.Ifsellingyour
vehicle,youshoulddeletethevehiclefrom
thecustomerportalforthecellphoneserv-
iceproviderto avoidbeingchargedforaddi-
tionalpurchases.

ProblemSolution

AudiconnectInfotainmentserv-
ices:individualAudiconnectInfo-
notavailable.
SomeAudiconnectInfotainmentservicesmustbeactivatedor
configuredthroughyourpersonalmyAudiaccountbeforeusing
tainmentservicesaregrayed outor|themforthefirsttime.Youcanfinddetailedinformationonline
atwww.audiusa.com/myaudi.

Wi-Fihotspot:itisnotpossible to
connectthroughWi-Fi.
restartit.

CheckifWi-FiisactivatedintheMMI>page200.
DeleteallexistingWi-Ficonnectionsonyourmobiledeviceand


))_Notavailableineverymarket.
201

4M0012721BG
Navigation

Navigation
Openingnavigation
Appliesto:vehicleswithnavigationsystem
Thenavigationsystemdirectsyoutoyourdesti-
nation,aroundtrafficincidents,andonalterna-
tiveroutes,ifdesired.
Homeaddress
2)Gasstation
4
Senet

Fig.189Diagram:Enterdestinationmenu

NAV/MAP. >Pressthebutton.
TheEnterdestinationmenuisdisplayedafter
openingnavigation.Thefollowinginformation
canbedisplayedintheInfotainmentsystemdis-
play:
@Inputfieldforfreetextsearch....205
@Homeaddress.................207
@®Lastdestinations...............206
@Storedfavoritescos:ncesynewss207
Assoonasyouselectanentryfromthelist(de-
pendingonthevehicleequipment),thecorre-
spondingdestinationdisplaysasamappreview*
©?fig.189.
Ifyouhaveconnectedamobiledevicetothe
MMI,yourdirectorycontactswillalsobelistedif
they havenavigationdataassignedtothem.
TheFavorites(4)>fig.189menuitemaswellas
thedirectorycontactsareonlyshownintheEn-
terdestinationmenuifyouhaveenteredoneor
morecharactersusingtheinputfield.
Switchingbetweendestinationentryandthe
map:

NAV/MAP —Pressthebuttonrepeatedlyuntil
themapisdisplayed.Or:Select:leftcontrol
button>Switchtomap.


ZAWARNING
— Thedemandsoftrafficrequireyourfullat-
tention.Alwaysreadthechapter
=>page153,Trafficsafetyinformation.
—Obeyalltrafficlawswhendriving.
— Theroutecalculatedbythenavigationsys-
temisarecommendationforreachingyour
destination.Obeytrafficlights,stoppingre-
strictions,one-waystreets,lanechangere-
strictions,etc.
—Adjustthevolumeoftheaudiosystemso
thatsignalsfromoutsidethevehicle,such
aspoliceandfiresirens,can beheardeasily
atalltimes.

C)Note
Ifthedrivingdirectionsconflictwithtraffic
laws,obeythetrafficlaws.
G@)Tips
—SnowandobstructionsontheGPSantenna
or interferencecausedbytreesandlarge
buildingscanimpairsatellitereceptionand
affectthesystem'sabilitytodeterminethe
vehicleposition.Severaldeactivatedormal-
functioningsatellitescanalsointerruptGPS
receptionandaffectthesystem'sabilityto
determinethevehicleposition.
—Becausestreetnamessometimeschange,
thenamesstoredintheMMImayinrare
casesdifferfromtheactualstreetname.
Enteringadestination
Freetextsearchfordestinations
Appliesto:vehicleswithnavigationsystem
Withthefreetextsearch,youcanenterthenavi-
gationdestinationdataallatonceinanyorder
usingtheMMItouchcontrolpad*ortheletter/
numberspeller(forexample,20MainSt.,Los
Angeles).Likewise,youcansearchforpointsof
interest,contacts,previousdestinationsorfa-
voritestonavigatetothedesiredaddress.

NAV/MAP Pressthebuttonrepeatedlyuntilthe
Enterdestinationmenuisdisplayed>page205,
fig.189.

205
>

4M0012721BG
Media

Media
Introduction
Therearevariousmediadrivesandconnections
availableintheMMI.Forexample,youcanplay
audio/video*filesfromtheJukebox*orconnect
yourmobiledevicetotheAudimusicinterface*
andoperateitthroughtheMMI.
Notes
Mediaandformatrestrictions:theMMI(includ-
ingtheSDcardreaderandtheUSBstoragede-
viceconnection*)wastestedwithavarietyof
productsandmediaavailableinthemarket.
However,theremaybecaseswhereindividualde-
vicesormediaandaudio/video*filesmaynot be
recognized,mayplayonlywithrestrictionsor
maynotplayatall.
DigitalRightsManagement:pleasenotethat
theaudio/video*filesaresubjecttocopyright
protection.
Themediadrivesdonotplayfilesthatarepro-
tectedbyDRMandthatareidentifiedwiththe
symbolfi.
Datasecurity:neverstoreimportantdataonSD
cards,theJukebox*,CDs/DVDsormobiledevices.
AudiAGisnotresponsiblefordamagedorlost
filesandmedia.
Loadingtimes:themorefiles/folders/playlists
thatareonastoragemedium,thelongeritwill
taketo loadtheaudio/video*files.Audirecom-
mendsusingstoragemediathatonlycontainau-
dio/videofiles*.To decreasethetimeittakesto
loadaudio/videofiles*,createsubfolders(forex-
ample,fortheartistoralbum).Theloadingtime
willalsoincreasewhenimportingfiles.
Additionalinformation:whenplaying,audio
filesareautomaticallydisplayedwithanyaddi-
tionalinformationthatisstored(suchasthear-
tist,trackandalbumcover).Ifthisinformationis
notavailableonthestoragemedium,theMMI
willchecktheGracenotemetadatadatabase.
However,insomecases,theadditionalinforma-
tionmaynotbedisplayed.
Restrictedfunctionality:resettheMediaset-
tingstothefactorydefaultsettingsiffunctional-
ityisrestricted>page248.
Iffunctionalityisrestricted,resettheJukebox*
tothefactorydefaultsettings>page248.
Forinformationaboutthepropertiesofsupport-
edmediaandfileformats,see>page241.
CG)Note
Alwaysfollowtheinformationfoundin>@in
Wi-Fisettingsonpage200.
CD/DVDoperation
CD/DVDandformatrestrictions:thefunctionali-
tyofindividualstoragemediamaybelimiteddue
tothevarietyofblankCDs/DVDsavailable and
thevariouscapacities.AudioCDsorvideoDVDs
withcopyprotection,CDs/DVDsthatdonotcon-
formtothestandard,andmultisessionCDsmay
havelimitedplaybackormaynotplayatall.Audi
recommendsfinalizingtherecordingprocess
whencreatingmultisession CDs.Multisession
DVDsarenotsupported.
UsingCDs/DVDs,theCDdrive ortheDVDdrive:
toensurecorrect,high-qualityplaybackandto
preventdamagetothedriveordiscreadinger-
rors,alwaysstoreCDs/DVDsinaprotective
sleeveanddonotexposethemtodirectsunlight.
Donotuse:
—Damaged,dirtyorscratchedCDs/DVDs
—
SingleCDs/DVDswith3in(8cm)diameter
—CD/DVDsthatarenotround
—CDs/DVDswithlabels
—Protectiverings
—CleaningCDs
Thermalprotectionswitch:CD/DVDplayback
maybetemporarilyunavailableifoutsidetem-
peraturesareextremelyhotorcold.Athermal
protectionswitchisinstalledtoprotectthe
CD/DVDandthelaser.
Laserdevices:laserdevicesare dividedintosafe-
tyclasses1to4inaccordancewithDINIEC76
227
>

Media

(CO)6/VDE0837.Thevarioustypesofaudio
equipmentinstalledconformtosafetyclass1.
The
laserusessolittlepowerorisshieldedso
thereisnodangerwhenitisusedcorrectly.
Mediadrives
SDcardreader
TheSDcardreaderislocatedintheglovecom-
partment.
—InsertingtheSDcard:Theangledcornerofthe
SDcardmustpointtowardtherightfrontside.
SlidetheSDcardintothecardreaderslotuntil
theSDcardclicksintoplace.
—Automaticplayback:playbackwillstartauto-
maticallyiftheinsertedSDcardcontainssup-
portedaudio/videofiles*>page241.
—RemovingtheSDcard: pressbrieflyontheSD
card.
TheSDcardreaderisaccessedandoperated
throughtheMMI@)>page235,fig.212.
@)Note
Onlyuseone-pieceSDcards.Ifadaptercards
(SDcardswithmorethanonepiece)areused,
thecardcouldfalloutoftheadapterwhen
drivingbecauseofvibrations.Individual
piecescouldthenbecomestuckinthedrive
andimpairthefunctionality.
@Tips
TheSIMcardreaderthendoesnotfunction.
DVDdrive
Appliesto:vehicleswithaDVDdrive
a

RAH-8826|


Fig.208Glovecompartment:DVDdrive
228
—LoadingaCD/DVD:theCD/DVDispulledinau-
tomatically.SlidetheCD/DVDstraightintothe
DVDslot@)withthelabelfacingup>fig.208.
—Automaticplayback:playbackwillstartauto-
maticallyiftheinsertedCD/DVDcontains sup-
portedaudio/video*files>page241.
—EjectingaCD/DVD:pressthebutton@
>fig.208.
TheCD/DVDispulledinagainautomaticallyifit
isnotremovedfromtheDVDslotwithinapproxi-
matelytensecondsafterejectingit.
TheDVDdriveisaccessedandoperatedthrough
theMMIQ)>page235,fig.212.
@)Note
—NeverforceaCD/DVDintothedrive.The
CD/DVDispulledinautomatically.
—DonotinsertCDs/DVDswithlabelsintothe
drive.Labelscancomeloosefromthe
CD/DVDanddamagethedrive.
@Tips
—CDs/DVDsthatcontainaudiofileswitha
highdataratemaynotplay.
— TheSIMcardreaderthendoesnotfunction.
Appliesto:vehicleswithaCDdrive
——

RAH-8375|


Fig.209Glovecompartment:CDdrive
—LoadingaCD:theCDispulledinautomatically.
SlidetheCDstraightintotheCDslot@)
=>fig.209withthelabelfacingup.
—Automaticplayback:playbackwillstartauto-
maticallyiftheinsertedCDcontainssupported
audiofiles>page242,CDdrive.
—EjectingaCD:pressthebutton@>fig.209.>

4M0012721BG
Media

TheCDispulledinagainautomaticallyifitisnot
removedfromtheslotwithin tensecondsof
ejectingit.
TheCDdriveisaccessedandoperatedthrough
theMMI&page235,Playingmedia.
@)Note
—NeverforceaCDintothedrive.TheCDis
pulledinautomatically.
—DonotinsertCDswithlabelsintothedrive.
LabelscancomeloosefromtheCDand
damagethedrive.
i)Tips
CDplaybackcannotbeguaranteedwithaudio
filesthathaveahighdatarate.
Appliesto:vehicleswithJukebox
AfteryouhavefilledtheJukeboxwithmusic
and/orvideos,forexamplefromyourSDcard,
youcanplaythesefilesdirectlyfromtheJuke-
box.TheJukeboxmemorycapacityisapproxi-
mately10GB.

>Pressthe[MEDIA]button.Presstheleftcontrol
buttonuntilthesourcesoverview>page235is
displayed.SelectandconfirmJukebox.

AddingfilestotheJukebox
—Pressthe[MEDIA]button.Presstheleftcontrol
buttonuntilthesourcesoverview>page235is
displayed.Selectoneofthefollowingsources
tocopytotheJukebox:SDcard*,CD-ROM*,
DVD-ROM*,USBstoragedevice*.


Requirement:themediacenter(forexample,
tracks,albums)mustbeopen.
—Selectinganentry: selectanentryfromthe
mediacenter.Select:rightcontrolbutton>
CopytoJukebox>ThisentryorEntirelist.
Requirement:theplaylistmustbe open.See
=>page238.
—Selectingatrack:selectthetrackthatiscur-
rentlyplaying.Select:rightcontrolbutton>

NotinthePlaybackview.
Copytojukebox>ThistrackorEntirealbumor
Thisartist.
Requirement:avideofilemustbeplaying.
—Select:rightcontrolbutton>CopytoJukebox.
Thecopyingprocessbegins.Thestatusofthe
copyingprocessisshownintheMMI.
—Hidingtheimportingprocess:selectandcon-
firm
Continuecopyinginbackground.Theim-
portingprocessishidden.
—Cancelingtheimportingprocess:selectand
confirmCancelcopying.Or:removethesource
thatisbeingimported.Filesalreadycopiedre-
main.
Requirement:thecopyingprocessmustbeactive
inthebackground.
—Showingthecopyingprocess:select:right
controlbutton>Copyinginprogress.
Whenimporting,theaudiofilesareautomatical-
lysortedintothemediacentercategoriesbased
onthestoredadditionalinformation>page236.
Thecopiedvideofilesarestoredinthemedia
centerundertheVideoscategory.
PlayingtheJukebox
Requirement:theJukeboxmustcontainaudio/
videofiles>page229,AddingfilestotheJuke-
box.
TheJukeboxisaccessedandoperatedthrough
theMMI@)&page235,fig.212.
DisplayingJukeboxmemorycapacity
Select:rightcontrolbutton>Jukeboxmemory
capacity.InformationabouttheJukeboxmemory
capacityandthenumberofstoredtracksisdis-
played.
DeletingtracksfromtheJukebox!)
Requirement:theJukeboxmustcontainaudio/
videofiles.
—Deletinganentry: selectanentryfromthe
Jukeboxmediacenter.Select:rightcontrolbut-
ton>Deletefromjukebox>ThisentryorEn-
tirelist.>
229

Media

—Thestatusofthedeletingprocessisshownin
theMMI.Jukeboxplaybackstopsduringthede-
letingprocessandstartsagainautomatically
oncethedeletioniscomplete.
@)Note
Donotimportaudio/videofileswhentheen-
gineisturnedoffbecausethiswilldrainthe
vehiclebattery.
@)Tips
—TracksfromaudioCDscannotbeimported
totheJukeboxforlegalreasons.
—Filesthathavealreadybeenimportedare
automaticallyrecognizedandcannotbe
copiedtotheJukeboxagain.
—Itisnotpossible toplay audio/video*files
intheCD/DVD*drivewhileimportingthem.
— TheJukeboxdoesnotprovidean export
functionduetolegalreasons.
—Filesortrackswithoutadditionalstoredin-
formationarelistedasUnknown.Audirec-
ommendsaddingadditionalinformation
(such asID3tags)toaudiofiles.
—ResettheJukeboxtothefactorydefaultset-
tingswhensellingyourvehicle>page248.
Bluetoothaudioplayer
Appliesto:vehicleswithBluetoothaudioplayer
WiththeBluetoothaudioplayer,youcanplay
musicwirelesslyfrom yourBluetooth-capable
device(suchasacellphone)throughtheMMI.
Requirement:thevehiclemustbestationaryand
theignitionmustbe switchedon.TheBluetooth
settingswillopenonyourmobiledeviceduring
theconnectionsetup.TheBluetoothfunctionand
visibilityoftheMMI>page250andmobilede-
vicemustbe switchedon.TheBluetoothaudio
player>page250mustbeswitchedoninthe
MMI.
—ConnectingaBluetoothdevice:pressthe
MEDIA]button.Presstheleftcontrolbutton
untilthesourcesoverviewisdisplayed.Select
andconfirmBluetoothaudioplayer@)
>page235,fig.213.


230
—Ifnecessary,selectandconfirmNotconnected
>ConnectBluetoothaudioplayer.TheBlue-
toothdevicesearchstarts.Followtheinstruc-
tionsintheMMI.
—SelectandconfirmthedesiredBluetoothdevice
fromthelist.TheMMIgeneratesaPINforthe
connection.
—SelectandconfirmYes.
—EnterthePINforconnectingonyourBluetooth
device.Or:ifthePINisalreadydisplayedon
yourBluetoothdevice,confirmitintheBlue-
toothdeviceandintheMMI.Thetimeallowed
forenteringthePINislimitedtoapproximately
30seconds.
Themediaisstartedandoperatedthroughthe
mobiledeviceortheMMI,dependingonthede-
vicebeingused.
(i)Tips
—Checkforanyconnectionrequestsonyour
Bluetoothdevice.
—MultipleBluetoothaudioplayerscan be
connectedtotheMMI,butonlyonemobile
devicecanbeactive.
—BluetoothprotocolsAVRCP(1.0/1.3/1.4)
andA2DParesupported.
—NotethevolumesettingonyourBluetooth
device.Audirecommendssettingyourmo-
biledevicetothemaximumvolumewhen
usingitasaBluetoothaudioplayer.
— Thesupportedmediafunctions(suchas
shuffle)dependontheBluetoothdevicebe-
ingused.
—Formoreinformationonsupporteddevices,
visitwww.audiusa.com/bluetoothorcon-
tactanauthorizedAudidealerorauthorized
AudiServiceFacility.

4M0012721BG
Media

Wi-Fiaudioplayer
Appliesto:vehicleswithWi-Fiaudioplayer
UsingtheWi-Fiaudioplayermediasourceonthe
MMI, youcanconnectandoperateyourWi-Fi-ca-
pablemediaplayer(suchasasmartphone)to
wirelesslyplaymusicfromyourmediaplayerli-
brary.Themediaplayerisconnectedthroughthe
vehicle'sWi-Fihotspot.AUPnPServerapporan
integratedUPnP/DLNAserveronyourmedia
playerisrequiredtoaccessyourmediaplayerli-
brary.
Requirement:theWi-Fifunctiononyourmedia
playermustbe switchedon.ThemyAudiappora
UPnPserverappmustbeinstalledonyourmedia
player.Or:youmustbeusingamediaplayerwith
anintegratedUPnP/DLNAserver.

—Connectingamediaplayer:pressthe[MEDIA
button.Presstheleftcontrolbuttonuntilthe
sourcesoverview>page235isdisplayed.Se-
lectandconfirm Wi-Fiaudioplayer(7)
>page235,fig.213.
—Ifnecessary,selectandconfirmWi-Fiturned
off>TurnonWi-FitoactivateWi-Fiinthe
MMI.SelectWi-Fisettings,ifnecessary.Select
thesamesettingsonthewirelessmediaplayer
thatareusedfortheWi-Fihotspot.
—StartingtheWi-Fiaudioplayer:Startthe
myAudiapporanUPnPserverapp,orallow
mediasharingonyourdevice.

Operatingthemediaplayer:themediaplayeris
operatedthroughtheMMI.
—Presstheleftcontrolbuttonrepeatedlyuntil
theFoldersmenuitemappears.Selectandcon-
firmFolders.
—Playingmusicfromthemediaplayer:select
andconfirmMediacenter.
Webradio:see>page232.


objects,theycouldbethrownaroundthein-
sideofthevehicleinacrashandcauseseri-
ousinjuries.Storethesetypesofdevicesse-
curelywhiledriving.
—Donotuseanywirelessdevicesonthefront
seatswithinrangeoftheairbagswhiledriv-
ing.Also readandfollowthewarningsin
=page272,Frontairbags.


ZAWARNING
—Asthedriver,donotallowusageoftheWi-
Fihotspottodistractyoufromdriving,as
thiscouldincreasetheriskofanaccident.
—Itisonlysafe tousetablets,laptops,mobile
devicesandothersimilardeviceswhenthe

vehicleisstationarybecause,likeallloose

C)Note
Alwaysfollowtheinformationfoundin>@in
Wi-Fisettingsonpage200.
G)Tips
—Alwaysreadthechapter>page193,Audi
connect.
—PleasenotethataWi-Ficonnectiondoes
notautomaticallymakeitpossible touse
the
Internet.Foradditionalinformation,
see>page193.
—Toavoidinterruptionsduringplayback,de-
activatethepowersavingfunctiononthe
mediaplayer orconnectittoacharger.
—Theloadingtimesfortheaudiodatadepend
onthemediaplayerusedandthenumberof
filesthatitcontains.
—Amaximumof2,000entriesperdirectory
aredisplayedintheMMI.
—Songsdownloadedforofflineuseusingmu-
sicstreamingservicesarestoredonyour
mobiledevice(suchasasmartphone)and
maybeDRMprotected.TheWi-Fiaudio
playerwillnotplayDRMprotectedfiles.
—ContactanauthorizedAudidealeror au-
thorizedAudiServiceFacilityforadditional
informationontheWi-Fiaudioplayer.
231