2018 VOLVO XC90 TWIN ENGINE brakes

DRIVER SUPPORT
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339
The
Late warning distance setting should there-
fore only be used in exceptional cases, such as
when a more dynamic driving style is preferred.
WARNING •
No automatic system can guarantee
100% correct function in all situations.
You should therefore never test use of
City Safety in the direction of people, ani-
mals or vehicles – this could lead to
severe damage, serious personal injury or
even death.
• City Safety warns the driver if there is a
risk of collision, but the function cannot
reduce the driver's reaction time.
• Even if the warning distance has been set
to Early, warnings may be perceived as
late in certain situations – e.g. when there
are large speed differences or if the vehi-
cle ahead suddenly brakes heavily.
• With the warning distance set to
Early,
warnings come further in advance. This
may cause the warnings to come more
frequently than with warning distance
Normal, but is recommended since it can
make City Safety more effective.
NOTE The warning with direction indicators for Rear
Collision Warning is deactivated if the colli-
sion warning distance in the City Safety func-
tion is set to the lowest level "
Late".
The seat belt tensioning and braking func-
tions remain active.
Related information
• City Safety™ (p. 335) Detecting obstacles with City Safety
City Safety can detect vehicles, cyclists, large
animals and pedestrians.
VehiclesCity Safety detects most types of vehicles that
are either stationary, moving in the same direc-
tion as your vehicle or those described in "City
Safety in crossing traffic".
For City Safety to be able to detect a vehicle in
the dark, its headlights and taillights must be on
and clearly visible.
Cyclists Optimal examples of what City Safety would interpret to
be a cyclist: clear body and bicycle shapes.
For optimal performance, the system's function
for cyclist detection needs the clearest possible
information about the contours of the bicycle and
of the cyclist's head, arm, shoulders, legs, torso

DRIVER SUPPORT
343
City Safety and delayed evasive
maneuvers
City Safety can assist the driver by automatically
braking the vehicle when it is not possible to
avoid a collision by steering alone.
City Safety assists the driver by periodically
attempting to predict possible "escape routes" to
the sides of the vehicle in the event a slow-mov-
ing or stationary vehicle were to be detected at a
late stage.
Your vehicle (1) cannot detect any potential escape
routes for veering away from the vehicle ahead (2) and
may therefore apply the brakes at an earlier stage.
Own vehicle
Slow-moving/stationary vehicles
City Safety will not intervene to automatically
apply the brakes if it is possible for the driver to
avoid a collision by steering the vehicle. However, if City Safety determines that an eva-
sive maneuver would not be possible due to traf-
fic in the adjacent lane(s), the function can assist
the driver by automatically starting to apply the
brakes at an earlier stage.
WARNING
•
The possibility of City Safety predicting a
certain situation is supplementary driver
support intended to improve driving safety
– it cannot handle all situations in all traf-
fic, weather and road conditions.
• City Safety is not a substitute for the driv-
er's attention and judgment. The driver is
always responsible for ensuring the vehi-
cle is driven in a safe manner, at the
appropriate speed, with an appropriate
distance to other vehicles, and in accord-
ance with current traffic rules and regula-
tions.
Limitations of City Safety during evasive
maneuvers
NOTE The function uses the vehicle's camera unit,
which has some general limitations – see the
section "Camera unit limitations".
NOTE The function uses the vehicle's radar unit,
which has some general limitations – see the
section "Radar unit limitations".
Related information
•
City Safety™ (p. 335)

DRIVER SUPPORT
347
Rear Collision Warning
The Rear Collision Warning (
RCW) function can
help the driver avoid rear-end collisions from
vehicles approaching from behind.
RCW is automatically activated each time the
engine is started.
RCW can warn the driver of a potential collision
with vehicles approaching from behind by rapidly
flashing the turn signals.
If, at a speed below 30 km/h (20 mph), the RCW
function detects that the car is in danger of being
hit from behind, the seatbelt tensioners may ten-
sion the front seatbelts and activate the Whiplash
Protection System safety system.
Immediately before a collision from behind, RCW
may also activate the foot brake in order to
reduce the forward acceleration of the car during
the collision. However, the brakes will only be
applied if your vehicle is stationary. The brakes
will be immediately released if the accelerator
pedal is depressed.
Related information
• Rear Collision Warning limitations (p. 347)
• Whiplash Protection System (p. 46) Rear Collision Warning limitations
In some situations, it may be difficult for RCW to
warn the driver of a collision risk. This may be the case if:
• the vehicle approaching from the rear is
detected at a late stage
• the vehicle approaching from the rear
changes lanes at a late stage
• the vehicle approaching from the rear is mov-
ing at a speed above 80 km/h (50 mph)
• a trailer, bicycle holder or similar is con-
nected to the vehicle's electrical system - the
RCW function will then be automatically
deactivated.
NOTE In certain markets RCW does not warn with
the direction indicators due to local traffic
regulations – in such cases, that part of the
function is deactivated.
NOTE The warning with direction indicators for Rear
Collision Warning is deactivated if the colli-
sion warning distance in the City Safety func-
tion is set to the lowest level "
Late".
The seat belt tensioning and braking func-
tions remain active.
Related information
• Rear Collision Warning (p. 347)

DRIVER SUPPORT
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373
Run-Off Mitigation with steering
assistance
This sub-function is intended to help reduce the
risk of the vehicle inadvertently running off the
road by actively steering the vehicle back onto
the road.
The function is active at speeds between
65-140 km/h (40-87 mph) on roads with clearly
visible traffic lane markings/lines.
The system uses a camera to monitor the edges
of the road and the painted side marker lines. If
the vehicle is about to cross the edge of the road,
the function will attempt to steer the vehicle back
onto the road. If this is not sufficient to keep the
vehicle on the road, the brakes will also be
applied.
However, the function will not provide either
steering assistance or braking if the turn signal is
used. The function will also not be activated if it
detects that the driver is actively operating the
vehicle.
After the system has automatically intervened,
this text message will appear in the instrument
panel: • Collision avoidance assistance –
Automatic intervention
WARNING •
The "Steering assistance at risk of run-
off" subfunction is supplementary driver
support intended to help improve driving
safety – it cannot handle all situations in
all traffic, weather and road conditions.
• The function cannot detect barriers, rails
or similar obstacles at the side of the
road.
• "Steering assistance at risk of run-off" is
not a substitute for the driver's attention
and judgment. The driver is always
responsible for ensuring the vehicle is
driven in a safe manner, at the appropri-
ate speed, with an appropriate distance to
other vehicles, and in accordance with
current traffic rules and regulations.
Related information
•Steering assistance at risk of collision
(p. 372) Run-Off Mitigation with steering
assistance levels
This function has two activation levels for inter-
vention:
•
Steering assistance only
• Steering assistance with braking
Steering assistance only Intervention with steering assistance.

||DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory.
384
CAUTION Objects such as chains, thin and glossy poles
or low obstacles may end up in the "signal
shadow" and then go temporarily undetected
by the sensors – the pulsating tone may then
unexpectedly stop instead of becoming a
constant tone as expected.
The sensors cannot detect high objects, such
as protruding ramps.
• In such situations, pay extra attention and
maneuver/drive the vehicle very slowly or
stop the current parking maneuver –
there may be a high risk of damage to
the vehicle or other objects since infor-
mation from the sensors is not always
reliable in such situations.
CAUTION In some circumstances, the Park Assist Sys-
tem may produce false warnings due to exter-
nal sound sources with the same ultrasonic
frequencies as those the system works with.
Examples of such sources are horns, wet tires
on asphalt, pneumatic brakes, exhaust noise
from motorcycles, etc.
NOTE When a trailer hitch is configured with the
vehicle electrical system, the trailer hitch pro-
trusion is included when the function meas-
ures the distance to objects behind the vehi-
cle.
Related information
•
Park Assist* (p. 381) Recommended maintenance for
Park Assist
For Park Assist to function optimally, its sensors
must be cleaned regularly with water and car
washing detergent. Location of the Park Assist sensors
115
.
NOTE Dirt, ice and snow covering the sensors could
cause false warnings, reduced function, or no
function.
Related information
•
Park Assist* (p. 381) 115
Note: This illustration is general and details may vary depending on mod\
el.

DRIVER SUPPORT
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* Option/accessory. 395
Park Assist Pilot*
Park Assist Pilot (

PAP 124
) helps the driver pull
into and out of parking spaces.
PAP first checks whether there is sufficient
space and then steers the car into the space.
The center display uses symbols, graphics and
messages to inform the driver of what steps need
to be taken and when.
WARNING •
The PAP function is supplementary driver
support intended to facilitate driving and
help make it safer – it cannot handle all
situations in all traffic, weather and road
conditions.
• Pay particular attention to people and
animals near the vehicle.
• PAP is not a substitute for the driver's
attention and judgment. The driver is
always responsible for ensuring the vehi-
cle is driven in a safe manner, at the
appropriate speed, with an appropriate
distance to other vehicles, and in accord-
ance with current traffic rules and regula-
tions.
NOTE The PAP function measures the space and
steers the vehicle – the driver's role is to:
• keep close watch of the area around the
vehicle
• follow the instructions on the center dis-
play
• change gears (reverse/forward) – a
"ping" sound indicates when the driver
should change gears
• regulate and maintain a safe speed
• apply the brakes and stop.
Related information
•Types of parking with Park Assist Pilot
(p. 395)
• Parking with Park Assist Pilot (p. 396)
• Leaving a parking space with Park Assist
Pilot (p. 399)
• Park Assist Pilot* limitations (p. 400)
• Recommended maintenance for Park Assist
Pilot (p. 402)
• Park Assist Pilot* messages (p. 403) Types of parking with Park Assist
Pilot
Park Assist Pilot (PAP 125
) can be used for the
following types of parking. 124
Park Assist Pilot
125 Park Assist Pilot

||DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory.
396
Parallel parking Overview of parallel parking.
The PAP function parks the vehicle using the fol-
lowing steps:
1.

The system searches for and measures
potential parking spaces.
2. The vehicle is steered while it is backing into the parking space.
3. The vehicle's position in the space is adjusted by driving forward/backward.
The Park Out function can be used to receive
assistance from PAP while pulling out of a park-
ing space. See the heading "Pulling out of a
parking space" under "Parking with Park Assist
Pilot".
Perpendicular parking Perpendicular parking overview.
The PAP function parks the vehicle using the fol-
lowing steps:
1.

The system searches for and measures
potential parking spaces.
2. The vehicle is steered while it is backing into the space and its position is adjusted by driv-
ing forward/backward.
NOTE The PAP function
Park Out cannot help the
vehicle leave a perpendicular parking space –
the function should only be used for parallel
parking.
Related information
• Park Assist Pilot* (p. 395) Parking with Park Assist Pilot
Park Assist Pilot (PAP
126
) helps the driver park
using three different steps. The function can also
help the driver pull out of a parking space.
NOTE The PAP function measures the space and
steers the vehicle – the driver's role is to:
• keep close watch of the area around the
vehicle
• follow the instructions on the center dis-
play
• change gears (reverse/forward) – a
"ping" sound indicates when the driver
should change gears
• regulate and maintain a safe speed
• apply the brakes and stop. Information about the actions required by the
driver are provided in the center display using
symbols, graphics and/or text.
PAP can be activated if the following criteria have
been met after the engine is started:
•
No trailer is hitched to the vehicle
• Your vehicle's speed is lower than 30 km/h
(20 mph).

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory.
400 Park Assist Pilot* limitations
Park Assist Pilot PAP 127
may not be able to
detect all conditions in all situations and func-
tionality may therefore be limited.
WARNING •
The PAP function is supplementary driver
support intended to facilitate driving and
help make it safer – it cannot handle all
situations in all traffic, weather and road
conditions.
• Pay particular attention to people and
animals near the vehicle.
• Bear in mind that the front end of the
vehicle may swing out towards oncoming
traffic during the parking maneuver.
• Objects situated higher than the detec-
tion area of the sensors are not included
when the parking maneuver is calculated,
which could cause PAP to swing into the
parking space too early. Such parking
spaces should be avoided for this reason.
• PAP is not a substitute for the driver's
attention and judgment. The driver is
always responsible for ensuring the vehi-
cle is driven in a safe manner, at the
appropriate speed, with an appropriate
distance to other vehicles, and in accord-
ance with current traffic rules and regula-
tions.
The driver should be aware of the following limi-
tations for Park Assist Pilot:The parking sequence is cancelledA parking sequence will be cancelled if:
• the driver moves the steering wheel
• the vehicle's speed exceeds 7 km/h (4 mph)
• the driver taps
Cancel in the center display
• when the anti-lock brakes or the Electronic
stability control are engaged - e.g. when a
wheel loses grip on a slippery road
• when the power steering works at reduced
power - e.g. during cooling due to overheat-
ing (see section "Speed-dependent steering
force").
A message in the center display will explain why
the parking sequence was cancelled.
CAUTION Under certain circumstances, PAP may not be
able to find parking spaces – one reason may
be that the sensors are disrupted by external
sound sources that emit the same ultrasonic
frequencies that the system works with.
Examples of such sources include horns, wet
tires on asphalt, pneumatic brakes, exhaust
noise from motorcycles, etc.
127
Park Assist Pilot