2018 VOLVO XC90 TWIN ENGINE spare wheel

12

Sharing Internet from the vehicle viaWi-Fi hotspot (tethering)533
No or poor Internet connection534
Deleting Wi-Fi networks535
Wi-Fi technology and security535
Terms of use and data sharing536
Activating and deactivating data sharing536
Compatible file formats for media536
Technical specifications for USB devices537
Hard disk storage space538
License agreement for audio and media539
WHEELS AND TIRES
Tires550
Tire direction of rotation552
Tread wear indicator553
Tire terminology553
Tire sidewall designations554
Uniform Tire Quality Grading556
Checking tire pressure557
Adjusting tire pressure558
Recommended tire pressure559
Tire pressure monitoring system*559
Calibrating the tire pressure monitor-ing system*561
Viewing tire pressure status in thecenter display*562
Action when warned of low tire pressure563
When changing wheels564
Tool kit564
Jack*565
Wheel bolts565
Removing a wheel566
Installing a wheel568
Spare wheel569
Accessing the spare wheel570
Snow tires571
Snow chains571

Tire sealing system572
Using the tire sealing system573
Inflate tires with the compressorincluded in the tire sealing system577
Determining the vehicle's permittedweight578

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory.401
NOTEDirt, ice and snow covering the sensors
reduce their function and can make measure-
ment impossible.
Driver responsibilityThe driver should keep in mind that PAP is a
parking aid ‒ not an infallible fully automatic sys-
tem. The driver must always be prepared to take
control and cancel a parking sequence if neces-
sary.
There are a number of things to keep in mind
when parking, including:
• The driver is always responsible for determin-
ing if the space suggested by PAP is suita-
ble for parking.
• Do not use PAP when using snow chains or
a temporary spare tire.
• Do not use PAP if there are any objects pro-
truding from the vehicle.
• Heavy rain or snowfall may inhibit PAP's abil-
ity to accurately measure a parking space.
• While searching and measuring the parking
space, PAP may be unable to detect objects
located far into the space.
• PAP may not suggest parking spaces on
narrow streets if it does not detect sufficient
space for maneuvering the vehicle. •
Use approved tires 128
inflated to the correct
tire pressure because this affects PAP's abil-
ity to provide parking assistance.
• PAP's function is based on the way the vehi-
cles are parked behind and in front of your
parking space. If they are, for example,
parked too close to the curb, there is a risk
that your vehicle's tires or wheel rims could
be damaged by the curb during the parking
procedure.
• Perpendicular parking spaces may not be
detected or may be suggested unnecessarily
if a parked vehicle is sticking out more than
other parked vehicles.
• PAP is intended to provide parking assis-
tance on straight streets, not sections of
street with sharp curves or bends. Always
make sure that your vehicle is parallel to rel-
evant parking spaces when PAP is measur-
ing the parking space.
CAUTION Switching to another approved wheel and/or
tire dimension could change the tire circum-
ference, which would then require the PAP
system to be updated. Consult a workshop –
an authorized Volvo workshop is recom-
mended.
Related information
•
Park Assist Pilot* (p. 395)
• Speed-dependent steering wheel resistance
(p. 272) 128
"Approved tires" refers to tires of the same type and make as the vehicl\
e's original, factory-installed tires.

WHEELS AND TIRES
}}
551
imprinted on the sidewall of the tire. The last four
digits in the series is the Department of
Transportation (DOT) stamp and indicates the
week and year the tire was manufactured. The
tire in the illustration has 0717 as the last four
digits, which means it was manufactured week 7
of 2017.
Tire ageTires degrade over time, even when they are not
being used. It is recommended that tires gener-
ally be replaced after 6 years of normal service.
Heat caused by hot climates, frequent high load-
ing conditions or Ultra Violet (U.V.) exposure can
accelerate the aging process. The temporary
spare
2
should also be replaced at 6-year inter-
vals, even if it has never been used. A tire with
e.g., visible cracks or discoloration should be
replaced immediately.
Tire economy
• Maintain correct tire pressure.
• Avoid fast starts, hard braking and tire
screeching.
• Tire wear increases with speed.
• Correct front wheel alignment is very impor-
tant.
• Unbalanced wheels impair tire economy and
driving comfort. •
Tires must maintain the same direction of
rotation throughout their lifetime.
• When replacing tires, the tires with the most
tread should be mounted on the rear wheels
to reduce the chance of oversteer during
hard braking.
• Hitting curbs or potholes can damage the
tires and/or wheels permanently.
Tire rotationYour vehicle has no required tire rotation. Driving
style, tire pressure, climate and road conditions
affect how quickly the tires age and exhibit signs
of wear. Maintaining the correct tire pressure
helps keep tread wear evenly distributed.
To help prevent differences in tread depth and
wear patterns forming on the tires, the front and
rear wheels should be rotated, i.e. the front tires
moved to the rear and the rear tires moved to the
front. Ideally, tire rotation should be done the first
time after approximately 5000 km (ca
3100 miles) and thereafter at 10,000 km
(approx. 6200 miles) intervals.
If you have any questions regarding tread depth,
Volvo recommends consulting an authorized
Volvo workshop. If significant differences in wear
(> 1 mm difference in tread depth) between the
tires have already occurred, the least worn tires
should always be mounted on the rear wheels. A
front-wheel skid (understeer) is usually easier to control than a rear-wheel skid (oversteer). If the
front wheels skid, the vehicle will continue in a
straight line instead of the rear wheels skidding
to the side, which could cause you to completely
lose control of the vehicle. It is therefore impor-
tant that the rear wheels never lose grip before
the front wheels.
Storing wheels and tiresWhen storing complete wheels (tires mounted on
rims), they should be suspended off the floor or
placed on their sides on the floor.
Tires not mounted on rims should be stored on
their sides or standing upright, but should not be
suspended.
CAUTION
Tires should preferably be stored in a cool,
dry, dark place, and should never be stored in
close proximity to solvents, gasoline, oils, etc.
2
Not available on all models.

WHEELS AND TIRES
* Option/accessory.557
Checking tire pressure
Correct inflation pressure helps improve driving
stability, save fuel and increase the service life of
the tires.
Tire pressure decreases over time, which is nor-
mal. Tire pressure also varies depending on the
ambient temperature. Driving on under-inflated
tires could cause the vehicle to overheat and lead
to damage. Tire pressure affects traveling com-
fort, road noise and driving characteristics.
Check the pressure in the tires every month. Use
the recommended inflation pressure for cold tires
for optimal tire performance and wear. Under-
inflated or over-inflated tires could cause uneven
tread wear.
Use an air pressure gauge and check the infla-
tion pressure on all the tires, including the spare
tire 4
, at least once a month and before long trips.
Volvo strongly recommends buying a reliable air
pressure gauge, as the automatic gauges provi-
ded at service stations may be inaccurate.
WARNING •
Under-inflation is the most common
cause of tire failure and may result in
severe tire cracking, tread separation, or
"blow-out," with unexpected loss of vehi-
cle control and increased risk of injury.
• Under-inflated tires reduce the load car-
rying capacity of your vehicle.
Cold tiresInflation pressure should be checked when the
tires are cold.
The tires are considered to be cold when they
have the same temperature as the surrounding
(ambient) air.
This temperature is normally reached after the
vehicle has been parked for at least 3 hours.
After driving for approximately 1.6 km (1 mile),
the tires are considered to be warm. If you need
to drive longer than that to inflate the tires, check
and record the inflation pressure of the tires first
and inflate accordingly when you arrive at the
pump.
When the ambient temperature changes, so does
the inflation pressure. A 10-degree temperature
drop causes a corresponding drop in inflation
pressure of 1 psi (7 kPa). Check the inflation
pressure of the tires regularly and adjust to the correct pressure, which can be found on the vehi-
cle's tire information placard or certification label.
If you check inflation pressure when the tires are
warm, you should never release air. The tires
become warm after driving and it is normal for
warm tires to have an inflation pressure above
the recommended pressure for cold tires. A warm
tire with an inflation pressure equal to or under
the recommended pressure for cold tires could
be significantly under-inflated.Related information
•
Adjusting tire pressure (p. 558)
• Recommended tire pressure (p. 559)
• Tire pressure monitoring system* (p. 559)
• Tires (p. 550) 4
Not available in all models.

WHEELS AND TIRES
558Adjusting tire pressure
Tire pressure decreases over time, which is nor-
mal. The tire pressure must therefore be
adjusted to maintain the recommended tire pres-
sure.
Use the recommended inflation pressure for cold
tires for optimal tire performance and wear.
NOTE To help prevent incorrect inflation pressure,
pressure should be checked when the tires
are cold. The tires are considered to be cold
when they have reached the same tempera-
ture as the ambient temperature (about 3
hours after the vehicle was last driven). After
driving for a few kilometers, the tires will warm
up and the pressure will increase.
1. Remove the valve cap from the tire and press
the air pressure gauge firmly onto the valve.
2.

Inflate to the recommended inflation pres-
sure. 3. Screw the valve cap back on.
NOTE •
After inflating a tire, always replace the
valve cap to help prevent valve damage
caused by gravel, dirt, etc.
• Use plastic valve caps only. Metal caps
could corrode and become difficult to
remove. 4. Visually inspect the tire to make sure there
are no nails or other embedded objects that
could puncture the tire and cause air leak-
age.
5.

Check the sidewalls to make sure there are
no gouges, cuts, bulges or other irregulari-
ties.
6. Repeat this procedure for each tire, including the spare tire 5
.
NOTE If you have overfilled the tire, release air by
pushing on the metal stem in the center of
the valve. Then recheck the pressure with
your tire gauge.
Related information
•
Recommended tire pressure (p. 559)
• Checking tire pressure (p. 557)
• Inflate tires with the compressor included in
the tire sealing system (p. 577)
• Approved tire pressure (p. 665) 5
Not available on all models.

WHEELS AND TIRES
}}
* Option/accessory. 559
Recommended tire pressure
The tire pressure placard on the driver's side B
pillar (between the front and the rear door) indi-
cates tire pressure for different loads and speed
conditions. The placard specifies the designation for the fac-
tory-mounted tires on the vehicle, as well as load
limits and inflation pressures.
Related information
•
Checking tire pressure (p. 557)
• Approved tire pressure (p. 665) Tire pressure monitoring system*
The tire pressure monitoring system, Tyre
Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS), provides a
warning symbol in the instrument panel if pres-
sure is too low in one or more tires. Symbol
Explanation This symbol illuminates to indicate
low inflation pressure.
If there is a system malfunction, the
inflation pressure warning symbol
will flash for approximately one
minute and then glow steadily.
System descriptionThe tire pressure monitoring system measures
differences in rotational speed between the
wheels through the ABS system to determine if
the tires are properly inflated. If inflation pressure
in a tire is too low, its diameter (and consequently
its rotational speed) changes. By comparing the
tires with each other, the system can determine if
the pressure in one or more tires is too low.
General information about the tire pressure
monitoring system
In the following description, the tire monitoring
system is generally referred to as TPMS.
Each tire, including the spare tire (if provided)
6
,
should be checked monthly when cold and infla- ted to the inflation pressure recommended by the
vehicle manufacturer on the vehicle placard or
tire inflation pressure label. (If your vehicle has
tires of a different size than the size indicated on
the vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label,
you should determine the proper tire inflation
pressure for those tires.)
As an added safety feature, your vehicle has
been equipped with a tire pressure monitoring
system (TPMS) that illuminates a low tire pres-
sure telltale when one or more of your tires is
significantly under-inflated. Accordingly, when the
low tire pressure telltale illuminates, you should
stop and check your tires as soon as possible,
and inflate them to the proper pressure.
Driving on a significantly under-inflated tire cau-
ses the tire to overheat and can lead to tire fail-
ure. Under-inflation also reduces fuel efficiency
and tire tread life, and may affect the vehicle's
handling and stopping ability. Please note that
the TPMS is not a substitute for proper tire main-
tenance, and it is the driver's responsibility to
maintain correct tire pressure, even if under-infla-
tion has not reached the level to trigger illumina-
tion of the TPMS low tire pressure telltale.
Your vehicle has also been equipped with a
TPMS malfunction indicator to indicate when the
system is not operating properly. The TPMS mal-
function indicator is combined with the low tire
pressure telltale. When the system detects a mal-
6
Not available on all models.

||WHEELS AND TIRES
* Option/accessory.
560 function, the telltale will flash for approximately
one minute and then remain continuously illumi-
nated. This sequence will continue upon subse-
quent vehicle start-ups as long as the malfunc-
tion exists. When the malfunction indicator is illu-
minated, the system may not be able to detect or
signal low tire pressure as intended.
TPMS malfunctions may occur for a variety of
reasons, including the installation of replacement
or alternate tires or wheels on the vehicle that
prevent the TPMS from functioning properly.
Always check the TPMS malfunction telltale after
replacing one or more tires or wheels on your
vehicle to ensure that the replacement or alter-
nate tires and wheels allow the TPMS to con-
tinue to function properly.
Messages in the instrument panelIf tire pressure is too low, the low tire pressure
warning symbol is shown in the instrument panel
along with a message.
• Tire pressure low Check tires, calibrate
after fill
• Tire pressure system Temporarily
unavailable
• Tire pressure system Service required
To keep in mind
•Always calibrate the system after changing
wheels or adjusting tire pressure. See the tire pressure placard on the driver's side B pillar
for Volvo-recommended tire pressures.
• If you switch to a tire of another size than the
factory-mounted tires, the system must be
calibrated for these tires to avoid false warn-
ings.
• If a spare wheel 7
is used, it is possible that
the tire pressure monitoring system will not
work correctly due to the differences
between the wheels.
• The system does not replace the need for
regular tire inspection and maintenance.
• It is not possible to deactivate the tire pres-
sure monitoring system.
WARNING •
Incorrect inflation pressure could lead to
tire failure, which could cause the driver
to lose control of the vehicle.
• The system cannot predict sudden tire
damage.
Related information
• Recommended tire pressure (p. 559)
• Viewing tire pressure status in the center
display* (p. 562)
• Action when warned of low tire pressure
(p. 563) •
Calibrating the tire pressure monitoring sys-
tem* (p. 561) 7
Not available on all models.

||WHEELS AND TIRES
* Option/accessory.
564
Related information
• Recommended tire pressure (p. 559)
• Adjusting tire pressure (p. 558)
• Calibrating the tire pressure monitoring sys-
tem* (p. 561)
• Viewing tire pressure status in the center
display* (p. 562)
• Tire pressure monitoring system* (p. 559)
• Inflate tires with the compressor included in
the tire sealing system (p. 577) When changing wheels
The wheels can be changed, e.g. to switch to
snow tires or spare tires. Follow the applicable
instructions for removing and installing the
wheel.
Changing to tires of another dimensionMake sure that the tire dimension is approved for
use on the vehicle.
If you change to tires of another dimension, con-
tact an authorized Volvo workshop to update the
vehicle's software. A software update may be
necessary when changing to tires of larger/
smaller dimensions or when changing to or from
snow tires.
Related information
• Removing a wheel (p. 566)
• Installing a wheel (p. 568)
• Tool kit (p. 564)
• Snow tires (p. 571)
• Spare wheel (p. 569)
• Wheel bolts (p. 565) Tool kit
Tools for e.g. towing or changing wheels are
provided in the vehicle's cargo compartment.
The foam block under the cargo compartment
floor contains the towing eyelet, the tire sealing
system, the tool for removing plastic wheel bolt
covers and the tool for removing the locking
wheel bolts.
If the vehicle is equipped with a spare wheel*
10
, a
jack, lug wrench, and a package with
disposable gloves and a bag for the damaged
wheel are also provided.
Related information
• When changing wheels (p. 564)
• Jack* (p. 565) 10
Not available on all models.