2018 VOLVO S90 warning

WHEELS AND TIRES
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* Option/accessory.527
1. Clean the contact surfaces between the
wheel and the wheel hub.
2. Lift the wheel into place. Tighten the wheel bolts securely. Do not grease the wheel bolt threads.
3. Lower the vehicle so that the wheel cannot rotate.
4. Tighten the wheel bolts in a crisscross pat- tern (as shown in illustration). It is important that the wheel bolts are securely tightened.Tighten to a torque of 140 Nm (103 ft.lbs.).Use a torque wrench to check torque.
5. Press the plastic covers onto the wheel bolts.
WARNING
The wheel bolts may need to be tightened again several days after a wheel change.Temperature fluctuations and vibrations cancause them to loosen slightly.
NOTE
• After inflating a tire, always replace the valve cap to help prevent valve damagecaused by gravel, dirt, etc.
• Use plastic valve caps only. Metal capscould corrode and become difficult toremove.
Related information
•
Leveling control settings
* (p. 424)
• When changing wheels (p. 522)
• Hoisting the vehicle (p. 555)
• Jack
* (p. 523)
• Tool kit (p. 522)
• Removing a wheel (p. 524)
Spare wheel11
The spare wheel is a Temporary spare and can be used to temporarily replace a punctured tireon one of the vehicle's regular wheels.
The spare tire is only intended for temporary use. Replace it with a normal wheel as soon as possi-ble. The driving characteristics of the vehicle change and ground clearance reduces when the sparewheel is used. Do not wash the vehicle in anautomatic car wash while using the TemporarySpare. The recommended tire pressure must be main- tained regardless of at which position the tempo-rary spare wheel is used on the vehicle. If the spare wheel is damaged, a new one can be purchased from a Volvo retailer.
WARNING
Current legislation prohibits the use of the "Temporary Spare" tire other than as a tem-porary replacement for a punctured tire. Itmust be replaced as soon as possible by astandard tire. Road holding and handling maybe affected with the "Temporary Spare" inuse. Do not drive faster than 80 km/h(50 mph).
11 Not available on all models.

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WHEELS AND TIRES
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WARNING
•The vehicle must never be driven with more than one "Temporary spare" tiremounted.
• Driving with a spare wheel may alter thedriving characteristics of the vehicle.Replace the spare wheel with a normalwheel as soon as possible.
• The spare wheel is smaller than the nor-mal wheel, which affects the vehicle'sground clearance. Watch for high curbsand do not wash the vehicle in an auto-matic car wash when a spare wheel ismounted.
• Follow the manufacturer's recommendedtire inflation pressure for the spare wheel.
• On all-wheel drive vehicles, the drive onthe rear axle can be disconnected.
• If the spare wheel is mounted on thefront axle, snow chains must not be used.
• The spare wheel must not be repaired.
CAUTION
The vehicle must not be driven with wheels of different dimensions or with a spare tire otherthan the one that came with the vehicle. Theuse of different size wheels can seriouslydamage your vehicle's transmission.
This illustration is general. The shape and design of the foam block may vary depending on vehicle model.
The spare wheel is located in the spare wheel well with the outside of the wheel facing down-ward. The same bolt runs through both the sparewheel and foam block to hold them into place.The foam block contains all tools needed tochange a wheel.
Related information
•When changing wheels (p. 522)
• Recommended tire pressure (p. 517)
Accessing the spare wheel
Follow these instructions regarding handling the spare wheel.
1. Lift the rear edge of the cargo compartment floor.
2. Unscrew the retaining bolt.
3. Lift out the foam block containing the tools.
4. Lift out the spare wheel.
Stowing a flat tire1. Take out the package containing the wheel bag from the foam block and put the wheel in the bag.
2. Return the tools to their correct positions in the foam block and put the foam block backin the vehicle.
3. Screw down the foam block with the retain- ing bolt and lower the cargo compartmentfloor.
4. Put the flat tire in the trunk/cargo compart- ment.
Related information
• Spare wheel (p. 527)

WHEELS AND TIRES
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529
Snow tires
Snow tires are designed for winter driving.
Volvo recommends snow tires with specific dimensions. The tire dimensions vary dependingon engine type. When driving with snow tires, thecorrect type of tires must be mounted on all fourwheels.
NOTE
Contact a Volvo dealer for advice on the best choice of rims and tires.
Tips for changing snow tiresWhen switching between regular tires and snow tires, mark the tires according to which side they were mounted on, e.g. L for left and R for right.
Studded tiresStudded tires should be broken in by driving 500–1000 km (300–600 miles) slowly and gen-tly to help the studs settle properly in the tires.This gives the tire, and especially the studs, alonger service life.
NOTE
Regulations regarding the use of studded tires vary from country to country.
Tread depthRoad conditions with ice, slush and low tempera- tures place considerably higher demands on tiresthan summer conditions. Volvo therefore recom-mends not driving on snow tires that have a treaddepth of less than 4 mm (0.15 inch).
Related information
• When changing wheels (p. 522)
• Winter driving (p. 425)
• Tread wear indicator (p. 511)
Snow chains
Using snow chains and/or snow tires can help improve traction in winter driving conditions.
WARNING
Use Volvo genuine snow chains or equivalent snow chains that are suitable for the vehicle model and the tire and wheel sizes. Only one-
sided snow chains are permitted.
If uncertain about snow chains, Volvo recom- mends contacting an authorized Volvo work-shop. Use of the wrong snow chains couldcause serious damage to the vehicle andresult in an accident.

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WHEELS AND TIRES
532
WARNING
Please keep the following points in mind when using the tire sealing system:
• The sealing compound bottle (no. 8 in the illustration) contains 1) rubber latex, natu-ral and 2) ethanediol. These substancesare harmful if swallowed.
• The contents of this bottle may causeallergic skin reactions or otherwise bepotentially harmful to the respiratory tract,the skin, the central nervous system, andthe eyes.
Precautions:
• Keep out of reach of children.
• Do not ingest the contents.
• Avoid prolonged or repeated contact with the skin. Remove any clothing that has come into contact with sealant.
• Wash thoroughly after handling.
First aid: • Skin: Wash affected areas of the skin with soap and water. Get medical atten-tion if symptoms occur.
• Eyes: Flush with plenty of water for least15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upperand lower eyelids. Get medical attention ifsymptoms occur.
• Inhalation: Move the exposed person to fresh air. If irritation persists, get medicalattention.
• Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomitingunless directed to do so by medical per-sonnel. Get medical attention.
• Disposal: Dispose of this material and itscontainer at a hazardous or special wastecollection point.
WARNING
•
Do not remove the bottle while the tire sealing system is being used.
• Do not remove the hose while the tiresealing system is being used.
1. Turn on the vehicle's hazard warning flashers if the tire sealing system is to be used in anarea with traffic. If the puncture was caused by a nail or simi- lar object, do not remove it. It will help sealthe hole.
2. Peel off the speed limit sticker from the side of the compressor. Affix the decal to a clearlyvisible location on the windshield to remindthe driver not to exceed this speed limit. Donot drive faster than 80 km/h (50 mph) whileusing a tire that has been temporarilyrepaired with the tire sealing system. 3.
Make sure the switch is in the 0 (Off) posi-
tion and take out the electric cable and thehose.
4. Unscrew the orange cover on the compres- sor and unscrew the cap on the sealing com-pound bottle.
5. Screw the bottle onto the bottle holder as far as possible. The bottle and the bottle holder are equip- ped with catches to help prevent the sealingcompound from leaking. Once the bottle isscrewed into place into the bottle holder, itcannot be unscrewed. The bottle can only beremoved by a workshop. Volvo recommendsan authorized Volvo workshop.
WARNING
Do not unscrew the bottle. It is equipped with a catch to prevent leakage.
6. Unscrew the tire's valve cap and screw the hose's valve connector as far as possible onto the valve. Be sure the air release valve on the com- pressor's hose is completely closed.

WHEELS AND TIRES
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533
7. Connect the electrical cable to the nearest
12 V outlet and start the vehicle.
NOTE
Make sure that none of the vehicle's other 12 V sockets are used while the compressoris running.
WARNING
Never leave children unattended in the vehicle while the engine is running. 8. Start the compressor by moving the switch to
the I (On) position.
WARNING
Never stand next to a tire being inflated with the compressor. If cracks, bulges, etc. form onthe tire, switch off the compressor immedi-ately. The vehicle should not be driven. Callroadside assistance to have the vehicle towedto a workshop for inspection/replacement ofthe tire. Volvo recommends an authorizedworkshop.
NOTE
When the compressor first starts, air pressure may temporarily increase up to 6 bar (88 psi)but should decrease again after approxi-mately 30 seconds.
9. Inflate the tire for 7 minutes.
CAUTION
To help avoid overheating, the compressor should never be used for more than10 minutes at a time.
10. Switch off the compressor and check the
inflation pressure using the air pressure gauge. The inflation pressure should bebetween 1.8 bar (22 psi) and 3.5 bar(51 psi). If the inflation pressure is too high,use the air release valve to release air.
WARNING
If the bottle is not removed in the correct order, sealant could spill out.
WARNING
If pressure falls below 1.8 bar (22 psi), the hole in the tire may be too large. The vehicleshould not be driven. Call roadside assistanceto have the vehicle towed to a workshop forinspection/replacement of the tire. Volvo rec-ommends an authorized workshop.
11. Switch off the compressor and remove the electrical cable.
12. Unscrew the hose from the tire's valve and screw the valve cap back on.
13. Put the protective hose cover onto the hose to help prevent leakage of any residual seal- ing compound. Return the equipment to thecargo compartment.

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WHEELS AND TIRES
53414. Immediately drive the vehicle at least 3 km
(2 miles) at a maximum speed of 80 km/h (50 mph) to allow the sealing compound toseal the tire, and then recheck the inflationpressure.
NOTE
During the tire's first revolution, some sealing compound may spray out of the puncturehole.
WARNING
Before driving away, make sure that no one is near the vehicle who could be sprayed withsealing compound. Make sure no one iswithin 2 meters(7 feet) of the vehicle.
15. Rechecking the inflation pressure Connect the hose to the tire's valve and screw the hose connector onto the valve asfar as possible. The compressor must beswitched off. 16. Check the inflation pressure on the air pres-
sure gauge.
• If the pressure is under 1.3 bar (19 psi),the tire is not sufficiently sealed. The vehi-cle should not be driven. Call roadsideassistance to have the vehicle towed.
• If the inflation pressure is higher than1.3 bar (19 psi), the tire must be inflatedto the inflation pressure specified on thetire pressure decal on the driver's sidedoor pillar (1 bar = 100 kPa = 14.5 psi). Ifthe inflation pressure is too high, use theair release valve to release air.
NOTE
Replace the sealing compound bottle and hose after use. Volvo recommends havingthese replaced by an authorized Volvo work-shop.
WARNING
Check inflation pressure regularly.
Volvo recommends driving to the nearest author- ized Volvo workshop to have the tire replaced/repaired. Inform the workshop that the tire con-tains sealing compound.
WARNING
After using the tire sealing system, the vehicle should not be driven farther than approxi-mately 200 km (120 miles).
NOTE
The compressor is an electric device. Follow local regulations for disposal.
Related information
• Recommended tire pressure (p. 517)
• Tire sealing system (p. 530)
• Inflate tires with the compressor included in the tire sealing system (p. 535)

WHEELS AND TIRES
535
Inflate tires with the compressorincluded in the tire sealing system The vehicle's original tires can be inflated using the compressor in the tire sealing system.
1. The compressor must be switched off. Makesure that the switch is in the 0 (Off) position
and take out the electrical cable and the hose.
2. Unscrew the tire's valve cap and screw the hose's valve connector as far as possibleonto the valve. Be sure the air release valve on the com- pressor's hose is completely closed.
3. Connect the electrical cable to the nearest 12 V outlet and start the vehicle.
WARNING
Inhaling exhaust fumes could lead to serious injury. Never leave the engine running in anenclosed space or a space without sufficientventilation.
WARNING
Never leave children unattended in the vehicle while the engine is running.
4. Start the compressor by moving the switch to the I (On) position.
CAUTION
Risk of overheating. The compressor should not be running for longer than 10 minutes ata time.
5. Inflate the tire to the pressure specified on
the tire pressure decal on the driver's side door pillar. If the inflation pressure is toohigh, use the air release valve to release air.
6. Switch off the compressor. Remove the hose and the electrical cable.
7. Screw the valve cap back onto the tire.
NOTE
• After inflating a tire, always replace the valve cap to help prevent valve damagecaused by gravel, dirt, etc.
• Use plastic valve caps only. Metal capscould corrode and become difficult toremove.
NOTE
The compressor is an electric device. Follow local regulations for disposal.
Related information
• Recommended tire pressure (p. 517)
• Using the tire sealing system (p. 531)
• Tire sealing system (p. 530)

WHEELS AND TIRES
536
Determining the vehicle's permittedweight
Properly loading your vehicle will provide maxi- mum return of vehicle design performance.
Weight designationsBefore loading your vehicle, familiarize yourself with the following terms for determining yourvehicle's weight ratings, with or without a trailer,from the vehicle's Federal/Canadian Motor Vehi-cle Safety Standards (FMVSS/CMVSS) label, andthe vehicle's tire information placard:
Curb weight
The weight of the vehicle including a full tank of fuel and all standard equipment. It does notinclude passengers, cargo, or optional equipment.
Capacity weight
All weight added to the curb weight, including cargo and optional equipment. When towing, tow-bar weight is also part of cargo weight.
Permissible axle weight
The maximum allowable weight that can be car- ried by a single axle (front or rear). These num-bers are shown on the Federal/Canadian MotorVehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS/CMVSS) label.The total load on each axle must never exceed itsmaximum permissible weight.
Gross vehicle weight (GVW)
The vehicle's curb weight + cargo + passengers.
Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit
1. Locate the statement "the combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs." on your vehicle's plac-ard.
2. Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that will be riding in yourvehicle.
3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from XXX kg or XXX lbs.
4. The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity.For example, if the "XXX" amount equals1400 lbs. and there will be five 150 lb. pas-sengers in your vehicle, the amount of availa-ble cargo and luggage load capacity is 650lbs. (1400 - 750 (5 × 150) = 650 lbs.)
5. Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. Thatweight may not safely exceed the availablecargo and luggage load capacity calculatedin Step 4.
6. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to yourvehicle. Consult this manual to determinehow this reduces the available cargo and lug-gage load capacity of your vehicle.
WARNING
• Exceeding the permissible axle weight, gross vehicle weight, or any other weightrating limits can cause tire overheatingresulting in permanent deformation orcatastrophic failure.
• Do not use replacement tires with lowerload carrying capacities than the tires thatwere original equipment on the vehiclebecause this will lower the vehicle's GVWrating. Use only tires with the correct loadcarrying capacity. Consult your Volvoretailer for information.
Related information
• Loading recommendations (p. 543)