2018 VOLVO S90 engine coolant

13
MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE
Volvo's service program548
Data transfer between vehicle and workshop over Wi-Fi 550
Download Center 551
Handling system updates via Down-load Center 551
Vehicle status 552
Scheduling service and repairs 552
Sending vehicle information to theworkshop 554
Hoisting the vehicle 555
Opening and closing the hood 557
Climate control system service 558
Replacing a windshield with head-up display * 558
Engine compartment overview 559
Engine oil 559
Checking and filling engine oil 560
Refilling coolant 562
Replacing bulbs 563
Removing the plastic cover to replace bulbs 564
Location of exterior lights 565
Replacing the low beam headlight bulbs 566
Replacing the high beam headlight bulbs 567

Replacing daytime running lights/ front parking light bulbs567
Replacing front turn signal bulbs 568
Replacing the rear fog light bulb 569
Bulb specifications 572
Start battery 573
Support battery 576
Battery symbols 577
Fuses and fuseboxes 578
Replacing fuses 579
Fuses in the engine compartment 580
Fuses under the glove compartment 583
Fuses in the trunk 586
Cleaning the interior 590
Cleaning the center display 590
Cleaning the head-up display *
591
Cleaning fabric upholstery and ceil-ing liner 592
Cleaning the seat belt 592
Cleaning floor mats and inlay mats 592
Cleaning leather upholstery 593
Cleaning the leather steering wheel 594
Cleaning interior plastic, metal andwood surfaces 595
Cleaning the exterior 595

Polishing and waxing596
Hand washing 596
Automatic car washes 598
High-pressure washing 599
Cleaning the wiper blades 599
Cleaning exterior plastic, rubber and trim components 600
Cleaning rims 601
Corrosion protection 601
Paintwork 602
Touching up minor paint damage 602
Color codes 603
Replacing windshield wiper blades 604
Windshield wipers in the service position 605
Filling washer fluid 606

14
SPECIFICATIONS
Type designations610
Dimensions 613
Weights 615
Towing capacity and tongue weight 616
Engine specifications 617
Engine oil specifications 618
Coolant specifications 619
Transmission fluid specifications 619
Brake fluid specifications 619
Fuel tank volume 620
Air conditioning specifications 620
Approved tire pressure 621
INDEX
Index 623

OWNER'S INFORMATION
23
If there are no illustrations associated with step- by-step instructions, the steps are indicated byordinary numbers.
Position listsRed circles containing a number are used in general overview illustrations of components.The corresponding number is used in theposition list's description of that component.
Bullet listsBullets are used for items (components, func-tions, information, etc.) that can be listed in a ran-dom order. For example:
• Coolant
• Engine oil
Related informationRelated information offers references to other parts of the manual containing information asso-ciated with the information you are currentlyreading.
ImagesIllustrations and images used in the Owner'sManual are sometimes generic and are intendedto provide an overview or an example of a certainfunction or feature. These images vary dependingon equipment level and market and may differfrom the appearance of your vehicle.
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Related information
• Owner's Manual in the center display (p. 17)
• Owner's manual in mobile devices (p. 20)
• Volvo Cars support site (p. 20)

STARTING AND DRIVING
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425
Related information
•Drive-E
‒ purer driving pleasure (p. 27)
• ECO drive mode (p. 415)
• Checking tire pressure (p. 515)
Preparing for a long trip
It is important to have the vehicle's systems and equipment checked carefully before driving longdistances.
Check that:
• the engine is running properly and that fuel consumption is normal
• there are no leaks (fuel, oil or other fluid)
• the brake pedal is functioning optimally
• all lights are working
‒
adjust the headlight
height if the vehicle is carrying a heavy load
• tire tread depth and air pressure are at cor-rect levels. Change to snow tires when driv-ing in areas where there is a risk of snowy oricy roads.
• the start battery is sufficiently charged
• the wiper blades are in good condition
Related information
• Checking tire pressure (p. 515)
• Filling washer fluid (p. 606)
• Winter driving (p. 425)
• Economical driving (p. 424)
• Vehicle modem settings (p. 491)
• Loading recommendations (p. 543)
• Pilot Assist (p. 300)
• Speed limiter (p. 267)
• Tire sealing system (p. 530)
Winter driving
It is important to check the vehicle before driving in cold/snowy conditions to make sure it can bedriven safely.
Before the cold season arrives:
• Make sure the engine coolant contains 50% antifreeze. This mixture helps protect theengine from frost erosion down toapprox. -35 °C (-31 °F). Do not mix differenttypes of antifreeze as this could pose ahealth risk.
• Keep the fuel tank well filled to prevent con-densation from forming.
• Check the viscosity of the engine oil. Oil withlow viscosity (thinner oil) improves cold-weather starting and reduces fuel consump-tion when driving with a cold engine.
CAUTION
Low-viscosity oil should not be used with hard driving or in hot weather.
•
Check the condition and charge level of the start battery. Cold weather places greaterdemands on the start battery and reduces itscapacity.
• Use washer fluid containing antifreeze tohelp prevent ice from forming in the washerfluid reservoir.

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STARTING AND DRIVING
426
Slippery driving conditionsFor optimal traction and roadholding, Volvo rec- ommends using snow tires on all wheels when-ever there is a risk of snow or ice on the road.
NOTE
Certain countries require use of winter tires by law. Not all countries permit the use ofstudded tires.
Practice driving on slippery surfaces under con- trolled conditions to learn how the vehicle reacts.
Related information
•Snow tires (p. 529)
• Snow chains (p. 529)
• Braking on salted roads (p. 401)
• Braking on wet roads (p. 400)
• Filling washer fluid (p. 606)
• Start battery (p. 573)
• Replacing windshield wiper blades (p. 604)
• Refilling coolant (p. 562)
Driving through standing water
Driving the vehicle through a deep pool of stand- ing water on a water-covered roadway is calledfording. This must be done with great caution.
The vehicle can be driven through water up to a depth of 25 cm (9.8 in) at no more than walkingspeed. Be particularly careful when drivingthrough flowing water. When driving through standing water, drive slowly and do not stop the vehicle. When you havepassed the water, press lightly on the brake pedaland check that the brakes are functioning prop-erly. Water, mud, slush, etc. can make the brakelinings slippery, resulting in delayed brakingeffect.
• If the vehicle is equipped with contacts for anelectric heater or trailer coupling, clean theseafter driving in water or mud.
• Do not allow the vehicle to stand in water upto the sills any longer than absolutely neces-sary. This could result in electrical malfunc-tions.
CAUTION
• Engine damage could occur if water enters the air cleaner.
• If water enters the transmission, the lubri-cating ability of the oils is reduced andthe service life of these systems is short-ened.
• Damage to any component, engine,transmission, turbocharger, differential orits internal components caused by flood-ing, vapor lock or insufficient oil is notcovered under warranty.
• If the engine stalls while the vehicle is inwater, do not attempt to restart it. Havethe vehicle towed out of the water to aworkshop. An authorized Volvo workshopis recommended. Risk of engine failure.
Related information
• Recovery (p. 437)

STARTING AND DRIVING
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431
Emission controls
Three-way catalytic converter
•Keep your engine properly tuned. Certain engine malfunctions, particularly involving theelectrical, fuel or distributor ignition systems,may cause unusually high three-way catalyticconverter temperatures. Do not continue tooperate your vehicle if you detect enginemisfire, noticeable loss of power or otherunusual operating conditions, such as engineoverheating or backfiring. A properly tunedengine will help avoid malfunctions thatcould damage the three-way catalytic con-verter.
• Do not park your vehicle over combustiblematerials, such as grass or leaves, which cancome into contact with the hot exhaust sys-tem and cause such materials to ignite undercertain wind and weather conditions.
• Excessive starter cranking (in excess of oneminute), or an intermittently firing or floodedengine can cause three-way catalytic con-verter or exhaust system overheating.
• Remember that tampering or unauthorizedmodifications to the engine, the Engine Con-trol Module, or the vehicle may be illegal andcan cause three-way catalytic converter orexhaust system overheating. This includes:altering fuel injection settings or compo-nents, altering emission system components or location or removing components, and/orrepeated use of leaded fuel.NOTE
Unleaded fuel is required for vehicles with three-way catalytic converters.
Heated oxygen sensorsThe heated oxygen sensors monitor the oxygen content of the exhaust gases. Readings are fedinto a control module that continuously monitorsengine functions and controls fuel injection. Theratio of fuel to air into the engine is continuouslyadjusted for efficient combustion to help reduceharmful emissions.
Related information
•
Octane rating (p. 429)
• Fuel (p. 428)
Overheating of engine andtransmission
In demanding driving conditions, such as driving in mountainous areas or hot weather, there is arisk of the engine or transmission overheating,especially when carrying heavy loads.
• Engine power may be temporarily limited.
• Remove any auxiliary lights mounted in front of the grille when driving in hot weather.
• If the temperature in the engine's coolingsystem becomes too high, a warning symbolwill appear in the instrument panel along with the message
Engine temperature High
temperature Stop safely. Pull over to a
safe location and let the engine idle for a few minutes to cool down.
• If the message
Engine temperature High
temperature Turn off engine or Engine
coolant Level low, turn off engine is dis-
played, stop the vehicle and turn off the engine.
• If the transmission begins to overheat, analternative gear shifting program will beselected. An integrated protective functionwill also be activated, the warning symbol will illuminate and the message
Transmission
warm Reduce speed to lower
temperature or Transmission hot Stop
safely, wait for cooling will be displayed in
the instrument panel. Follow the recommen- dations given by reducing speed or stopping

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STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory.
432 the vehicle safely and letting the engine idle for a few minutes to let the transmissioncool.
• If the vehicle begins to overheat, the air con-ditioning may be temporarily switched off.
• After a prolonged period of driving indemanding conditions, do not turn off theengine immediately after stopping.
NOTE
It is normal for the engine's cooling fan to operate for a short time after the engine isswitched off.
Symbols in the instrument panel
SymbolMeaning
High engine temperature. Follow the recommendations provided.
Low coolant level. Follow the rec- ommendations provided.
Transmission hot/overheated/cool- ing. Follow the recommendationsprovided.
Related information
•Refilling coolant (p. 562)
• Preparing for a long trip (p. 425)
• Gear indicator
* (p. 412)
Battery drain The electrical functions in the vehicle drain the battery to varying degrees. Avoid using ignitionmode II when the engine is switched off. Use
ignition mode I instead, as this uses less electri-
cal current.
Note that certain accessories may also drain power from the electrical system. Do not usefunctions that use a lot of electrical current whenthe engine is turned off. Examples of such func-tions are:
• blower
• headlights
• windshield wipers
• audio system (especially at high volume).
If the starter battery voltage is low, a message isshown in the driver display. The vehicle's energy-saving function will then turn off or reduce certainfunctions, such as the blower and/or the audio system.
–Charge the battery by starting the engine and let it run for at least 15 minutes (drivingcharges the battery faster than letting theengine idle).
Related information
• Start battery (p. 573)
• Ignition modes (p. 397)

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE
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549
Emission inspection readiness
How do states use OBD II for emission
inspections?
Many states connect a computer directly to a vehicle's OBD II system. The inspector can thenread "faults." In some states, this type of inspec-tion has replaced the tailpipe emission test.
How can my vehicle fail OBD II emission
inspection?
Your vehicle can fail OBD II emission inspection for any of the following reasons:
• If your Check Engine (MIL) light is lit, yourvehicle may fail inspection.
• If your vehicle's Check Engine light was lit,but went out without any action on your part,OBD II will still have a recorded fault. Yourvehicle may pass or fail, depending on theinspection practices in your area.
• If you had recent service that required dis-connecting the battery, OBD II diagnosticinformation may be incomplete and "notready" for inspection. A vehicle that is notready may fail inspection.
How can I prepare for my next OBD II
emission inspection?
• If your Check Engine (MIL) light is lit - or was lit but went out without service, have your vehicle diagnosed and, if necessary, servicedby a qualified Volvo technician.
• If you recently had service for a lit CheckEngine light, or if you had service thatrequired disconnecting the battery, a periodof driving is necessary to bring the OBD IIsystem to "ready" for inspection. Two half-hour trips of mixed stop-and-go/highwaydriving are typically needed to allow OBD II toreach readiness. Your Volvo retailer can pro-vide you with more information on planning atrip.
• Maintain your vehicle in accordance with yourvehicle's maintenance schedule.
Owner maintenancePeriodic maintenance requirements and intervalsare described in your vehicle's Warranty andService Records Information booklet. The following points can be carried out between the normally scheduled maintenance services.
Each time the car is refueled:
•Check the engine oil level.
• Clean the windshield, windshield wipers, headlights, and taillights.
Monthly:
• Check cold tire pressure in all tires. Inspect the tires for wear.
• Check that engine coolant and other fluidlevels are between the indicated "min" and"max" markings.
• Clean interior glass surfaces with a glasscleaner and soft paper towels.
• Wipe driver information displays with a softcloth.
• Visually inspect battery terminals for corro-sion. Corrosion may indicate a loose terminalconnector, or a battery near the end of itsuseful service life. Consult your Volvo retailerfor additional information.
As needed:
Wash the car, including the undercarriage, to reduce wear that can be caused by a buildup ofdirt, and corrosion that can be caused by salt res-idues. Clean leaves and twigs from air intake vents at the base of the windshield, and from other placeswhere they may collect.
NOTE
Complete service information for qualified technicians is available online for purchase orsubscription at www.volvotechinfo.com.