2018 KIA OPTIMA HYBRID ESP

Maintenance
Engine compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3
Maintenance services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4
• Owner’s responsibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4
• Owner maintenance precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
Owner maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6
• Owner maintenance schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6
Scheduled maintenance service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8
Explanation of scheduled maintenance items . . . 8-20
Checking fluid levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-23
Engine oil. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-24
• Checking the engine oil level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-24
• Changing the engine oil and filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-25
Engine maintenance mode (for Plug-in hybrid) . 8-26
Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-27\
• Checking the coolant level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-27
• Engine coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-28
• Inverter coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-28
• Recommended coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-29
• Changing the coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-30
Brake fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-31
• Checking the brake fluid level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-31
Washer fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-32
• Checking the washer fluid level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-32
Parking brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-33
• Checking the parking brake. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-33
Air cleaner. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-34
• Filter replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-34
Climate control air filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-36
• Filter inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-36
Wiper blades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-38
• Blade inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-38
• Blade replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-38
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-\
42
• For best battery service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-42
• Recharging the battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-43
• Reset items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-44\
Tires and wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-45
• Tire care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \
8-45
• Recommended cold tire inflation pressures . . . . . . . 8-45
• Tire pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-46
• Checking tire inflation pressure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-46
• Tire rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-47
• Wheel alignment and tire balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-48
• Tire replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-49
• Wheel replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-49
• Tire traction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-50
• Tire maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-50
• Tire sidewall labeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-50
8

Maintenance
48
MAINTENANCE SERVICES
You should exercise the utmost care
to prevent damage to your vehicle
and injury to yourself whenever per-
forming any maintenance or inspec-
tion procedures.
Should you have any doubts con-
cerning the inspection or servicing of
your vehicle, we strongly recom-
mend that you have an authorized
Kia dealer perform this work.
An authorized Kia dealer has factory-
trained technicians and genuine Kia
parts to service your vehicle proper-
ly. For expert advice and quality serv-
ice, see an authorized Kia dealer.
Inadequate, incomplete or insuffi-
cient servicing may result in opera-
tional problems with your vehicle that
could lead to vehicle damage, an
accident, or personal injury.Owner’s responsibility
✽ ✽NOTICE
Maintenance Service and Record
Retention are the owner's responsi-
bility.
You should retain documents that
show proper maintenance has been
performed on your vehicle in accor-
dance with the scheduled mainte-
nance service charts shown on the
following pages. You need this infor-
mation to establish your compliance
with the servicing and maintenance
requirements of your vehicle war-
ranties.
Detailed warranty information is
provided in your Warranty &
Consumer Information manual.
Repairs and adjustments required as
a result of improper maintenance or
a lack of required maintenance are
not covered.
We recommend you have your vehi-
cle maintained and repaired by an
authorized Kia dealer. An authorized
Kia dealer meets Kia’s high service
quality standards and receives tech-
nical support from Kia in order to pro-
vide you with a high level of service
satisfaction.
✽ ✽NOTICE - NHTSA Safety
Corrosion Alert
The National Highway Traffic
Safety Administration (NHTSA) has
issued a general warning to all vehi-
cle owners of all brands regarding
the risks associated with vehicle
underbody corrosion. From your
initial purchase, take the following
steps to prevent unsafe corrosion
damage to your vehicle:
(Continued)

85
Maintenance
(Continued)
• Wash the undercarriage of yourvehicle regularly during the win-
ter and whenever your vehicle has
been exposed to such salts or
chemicals.
• Do a thorough washing of the undercarriage at the end of the
winter.
• Use professional service techni- cians or governmental inspection
stations to annually inspect for
corrosion.
• Immediately seek an inspection of your vehicle if you become visual-
ly aware of corrosion flaking or
scaling or if you become aware of
a change in vehicle performance,
such as soft or spongy brakes, flu-
ids leaking, impairment of direc-
tional control, suspension noises
or rattling metal straps.
NHTSA further advises that after
a vehicle is 7 years old, it is essen-
tial that you take these indicated
maintenance steps to ensure that
you protect yourself from unsafe
corrosion conditions.Owner maintenance precau-
tions
Improper or incomplete service may
result in problems. This section gives
instructions only for the maintenance
items that are easy to perform.
As explained earlier in this section,
several procedures can be done only
by an authorized Kia dealer with spe-
cial tools.
✽ ✽ NOTICE
Improper owner maintenance dur-
ing the warranty period may affect
warranty coverage. For details, read
the separate Warranty & Consumer
Information manual provided with
the vehicle. If you're unsure about
any servicing or maintenance proce-
dure, have it done by an authorized
Kia dealer.
WARNING- Maintenance
work
Do not wear jewelry or loose
clothing while working under
the hood of your vehicle with
the engine running. These can
become entangled in moving
parts, if you must run the
engine while working under the
hood, make certain that you
remove all jewelry (especially
rings, bracelets, watches, and
necklaces) and all neckties,
scarves, and similar loose
clothing before getting near the
engine or cooling fans.

823
Maintenance
Exhaust pipe and muffler
Visually inspect the exhaust pipes,
muffler and hangers for cracks, dete-
rioration, or damage. Start the
engine and listen carefully for any
exhaust gas leakage. Tighten con-
nections or replace parts as neces-
sary.
Suspension mounting bolts
Check the suspension connections
for looseness or damage. Retighten
to the specified torque.
Steering gear box, linkage &
boots/lower arm ball joint
With the vehicle stopped and engine
off, check for excessive free-play in
the steering wheel.
Check the linkage for bends or dam-
age. Check the dust boots and ball
joints for deterioration, cracks, or
damage. Replace any damaged
parts.
Drive shafts and boots
Check the drive shafts, boots and
clamps for cracks, deterioration, or
damage. Replace any damaged
parts and, if necessary, repack the
grease.
Air conditioning refrigerant
Check the air conditioning lines and
connections for leakage and dam-
age.When checking engine oil, engine
coolant, brake fluid, and washer fluid,
always be sure to clean the area
around any filler plug, drain plug, or
dipstick before checking or draining
any lubricant or fluid. This is espe-
cially important in dusty or sandy
areas and when the vehicle is used
on unpaved roads. Cleaning the plug
and dipstick areas will prevent dirt
and grit from entering the engine and
other mechanisms that could be
damaged.
CHECKING FLUID LEVELS

851
Maintenance
2. Tire size designation
A tire’s sidewall is marked with a tire
size designation. You will need this
information when selecting replace-
ment tires for your car. The following
explains what the letters and num-
bers in the tire size designation
mean.
Example tire size designation:
(These numbers are provided as an
example only; your tire size designa-
tor could vary depending on your
vehicle.)
P205/55R16 89H
P - Applicable vehicle type (tiresmarked with the prefix “P’’ are
intended for use on passenger
vehicles or light trucks; however,
not all tires have this marking).
205 - Tire width in millimeters.
55 - Aspect ratio. The tire’s section height as a percentage of its
width.
R - Tire construction code (Radial).
16 - Rim diameter in inches. 89 - Load Index, a numerical code
associated with the maximum
load the tire can carry.
H - Speed Rating Symbol. See the speed rating chart in this section
for additional information.
Wheel size designation
Wheels are also marked with impor-
tant information that you need if you
ever have to replace one. The follow-
ing explains what the letters and
numbers in the wheel size designa-
tion mean.
Example wheel size designation:
6.0JX16
6.0 - Rim width in inches.
J - Rim contour designation.
16 - Rim diameter in inches. Tire speed ratings
The chart below lists many of the dif-
ferent speed ratings currently being
used for passenger vehicles. The
speed rating is part of the tire size
designation on the sidewall of the
tire. This symbol corresponds to that
tire's designed maximum safe oper-
ating speed.
S 112 mph (180 km/h)
T 118 mph (190 km/h)
H 130 mph (210 km/h) V 149 mph (240 km/h)Z Above 149 mph (240 km/h)
Maximum Speed
Speed
Rating
Symbol

853
Maintenance
Tread wear
The tread wear grade is a compara-
tive rating based on the wear rate of
the tire when tested under controlled
conditions on a specified govern-
ment test course. For example, a tire
graded 150 would wear one-and-a-
half times (1½) as well on the gov-
ernment course as a tire graded 100.
The relative performance of tires
depends upon the actual conditions
of their use, however, and may
depart significantly from the norm
due to variations in driving habits,
service practices and differences in
road characteristics and climate.Tires degrade over time, even when
they are not being used. Regardless
of the remaining tread, we recom-
mend that tires be replaced after
approximately six (6) years of normal
service. Heat caused by hot climates
or frequent high loading conditions
can accelerate the aging process.
These grades are molded on the
side-walls of passenger vehicle tires.
The tires available as standard or
optional equipment on your vehicles
may vary with respect to grade.
Traction - AA, A, B & C
The traction grades, from highest to
lowest, are AA, A, B and C. Those
grades represent the tires ability to
stop on wet pavement as measured
under controlled conditions on spec-
ified government test surfaces of
asphalt and concrete. A tire marked
C may have poor traction perform-
ance.
The traction grade assigned to this
tire is based on straight-ahead brak-
ing traction tests, and does not
include acceleration, cornering,
hydroplaning, or peak traction char-
acteristics.

Maintenance
54
8
Temperature -A, B & C
The temperature grades are A (the
highest), B and C representing the
tire’s resistance to the generation of
heat and its ability to dissipate heat
when tested under controlled condi-
tions on a specified indoor laboratory
test wheel.
Sustained high temperature can
cause the material of the tire to
degenerate and reduce tire life, and
excessive temperature can lead to
sudden tire failure. The grade C cor-
responds to a level of performance
which all passenger car tires must
meet under the Federal Motor
Vehicle Safety Standard No. 109.
Grades B and A represent higher
levels of performance on the labora-
tory test wheel than the minimum
required by law. Tire terminology and definitions
Air Pressure:
The amount of air
inside the tire pressing outward on
the tire. Air pressure is expressed in
kilopascal (kPa) or pounds per
square inch (psi).
Accessory Weight: This means the
combined weight of optional acces-
sories. Some examples of optional
accessories are, automatic
transaxle, power seats, and air con-
ditioning.
Aspect Ratio: The relationship of a
tire's height to its width.
Belt: A rubber coated layer of cords
that is located between the plies and
the tread. Cords may be made from
steel or other reinforcing materials.
Bead: The tire bead contains steel
wires wrapped by steel cords that
hold the tire onto the rim.
Bias Ply Tire: A pneumatic tire in
which the plies are laid at alternate
angles less than 90 degrees to the
centerline of the tread. Cold Tire Pressure:
The amount of
air pressure in a tire, measured in
kilopascals (kPa) or pounds per
square inch (psi) before a tire has
built up heat from driving.
Curb Weight: This means the weight
of a motor vehicle with standard and
optional equipment including the
maximum capacity of fuel, oil and
coolant, but without passengers and
cargo.
DOT Markings: A code molded into
the sidewall of a tire signifying that
the tire is in compliance with the U.S.
Department of Transportation motor
vehicle safety standards. The DOT
code includes the Tire Identification
Number (TIN), an alphanumeric des-
ignator which can also identify the
tire manufacturer, production plant,
brand and date of production.

865
Maintenance
✽
✽NOTICE
The electronic system may not func-
tion correctly even when the engine
compartment and internal fuse
box’s individual fuses are not dis-
connected. In such case the cause of
the problem may be disconnection
of the main fuse (BFT type), which is
located inside the positive battery
terminal (+) cap.
Since the main fuse is designed more
intricately than other parts, have the
vehicle checked by an authorized
Kia dealer.
✽ ✽NOTICE- Random wiring pro-
hibited when retrofitting equip-
ment
Use of random wiring in the vehicle
might cause danger due to failure
and damage of the vehicle’s per-
formance.
Using random wires especially when
retrofitting AVN or theft alarm sys-
tem, remote engine control, car
phone or radio might damage the
vehicle or cause fire.
✽ ✽ NOTICE- Remodeling
Prohibited
Do not try remodeling the vehicle in
any way. It is illegal, and may affect
the vehicle’s performance, durabili-
ty, and safety. Warranty is also not
provided for problems caused by
remodeling.
Be aware of safety problems caused
by remodeling the vehicle with
unauthorized electrical
devices(lamp, black box, electrical
equipment, diagnostic device, com-
munication device, etc.). It might
cause malfunction of the vehicle,
wiring damage, battery discharge,
connector damage, or fire. the vehi-
cle or cause fire.
CAUTION
Visually inspect the battery capto ensure it is securely closed.If the battery cap is not securelyclosed, moisture may enter thesystem and damage the electri-cal components.