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In addition, nut tightness on all
wheels should be set with a torque
wrench every 10 400 km (6,500 mi).Tightening torque
500 N·m (362 lb·ft)
Wheel Tightening Sequence
Some studs and nuts have left-hand
threads. Those studs are marked on
their ends with the letter "L".
Install valve stems of dual wheels
180 degrees opposite each other. 1. Finger-tighten the nuts.2. Tighten all nuts to specified torque in order as shown.
Never use oil or grease on the
studs or nuts.
3. If a wheel stud and nut has been replaced, stake the stud
and nut.
{Warning
To help reduce the risk of losing
vehicle control and personal
injury or death, if any stud has
been damaged as a result of a
loose running wheel, all studs for
that wheel should be replaced.
A loose running wheel may cause
only one stud to break but
damage to other studs may not
be noticeable. If stud holes in a
wheel have become elongated or
distorted, replace the wheel.
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284 Vehicle Care
Tire Pressure
Tire Load and Inflation Table
Tire Load and Inflation Table
TIRES FOR VEHICLES IN HIGHWAY SERVICE
TIRE LOAD LIMITS AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES
Tire Size Designation Cold Inflation Pressure (psi) 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95
LT215/85R16E Dual Single(lbs) 2470
2680
225/70R19.5F Dual Single(lbs) 3115
33153245
34503415
3640
See Wheels and Tires 0272.
Tire Rotation
{Warning
Be sure to check the wheel studs,
wheel nuts and disc wheel for any
abnormality whenever the disc
wheel is removed.
(Continued)
Warning (Continued)
If you find any abnormal condition
on the wheel studs, wheel nuts or
disc wheel, do not continue to use
the wheel. Contact the nearest
dealer as soon as possible
Tires at different locations wear
differently. For uniform tire wear and
longer tire life, you should rotate the
tires on your vehicle regularly. Make
sure to use tires of the same type on the same axle. If you install tires
of different types on the same axle,
the vehicle may drift right or left
when you apply the brakes.
New tires are more likely to build up
heat and wear faster than old tires,
so they should be installed on the
front axle where the load is smaller.
If there is a difference in diameter
between the inner and outer tires of
a dual-tire wheel, install the smaller
diameter tire inside.
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Vehicle Care 285
The difference in diameter of the
tires for a dual-tire wheel should be
within the limit specified in the table
below. If the limit is exceeded, the
tires wear more rapidly than they
should.
Steel Wheels
Aluminum/Steel Wheels
Vehicles with the aluminum wheel
option may have steel wheels on
the inner rear position. These
wheels must only be mounted on
the inner rear positions and should
only be rotated from side to side.
{Warning
If differently sized tires are used
between the front and rear axles,
do not exchange tires between
the front and rear axles;
otherwise, the tires get loaded
beyond their limits. This is highly (Continued)
Warning (Continued)
dangerous because the tires and
disc wheels could break down
under an excessive load. You and
others could be seriously injured.
Permissible diameter difference
Radial tire Within 8 mm (0.31 in)
The tightening torque of the wheel
nuts may decrease after a tire
change due to their initial
settlement. Upon driving 50 to
100 km (31 to 62 mi) after a tire
change, retighten the wheel nuts to
the specified torques according to
the instructions in "Retightening
Wheel Nuts" following.
See Maintenance Schedule 0303.
Retightening Wheel Nuts
Check the wheel nuts to make sure
they are tightened to the specific
torque by using a torque wrench.
Use the following methods to check
loose wheel nuts. The tightening
torque of the wheel nuts may
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Vehicle Care 287
{Warning
If you find any abnormal
conditions with the wheel nuts
such as frequent loosening of
retightened nuts, have your
vehicle checked or serviced at the
nearest dealer as soon as
possible.
Fully engage the wheel wrench on a
wheel nut in order to tighten the nut
to the specified torque. However, do
not use a pipe as a handle
extension or your foot to apply force
on the wrench. This would tighten
the nut more than required and
might damage components.
Both under-tightening and
over-tightening of wheel nuts may
cause broken wheel studs or
cracked disc wheels and could lead
to wheel detachment. Adhere to the
specified tightening torques.
When replacing a tire with a new
one, use only a tire of the same
type and size as the replaced tire;
otherwise, driving safety could be affected. Avoid mixed use of
different types or different size tires
at all costs.
If a Tire Goes Flat
When the tire goes flat while driving,
ease off the accelerator pedal, avoid
hard braking, hold on to the steering
wheel firmly, and stop the vehicle.
The tire should be changed in a
safe, open location to prevent
obstructing other vehicles or
pedestrians.
{Warning
If you continue to drive on a flat
tire, undue force will be applied to
the wheel studs, possibly causing
the studs to break and the wheel
to come off. You and others could
be seriously injured.
See “Tire Replacement
Recommendations” underWheels
and Tires 0272.
Jump Starting
Jump Starting - North
America
When the Battery is
Discharged
Use a jumper cable (sold
separately) and the battery of
another vehicle to start the engine in
the following sequence.
{Danger
Follow the precautions listed in
the jump starting instructions
when working on or near the
battery. Personal injury
(particularly to eyes) or property
damage may result from battery
explosion, battery fluid or
electrical (short circuit) burns.
If battery fluid should come in
contact with an eye, immediately
wash away using a large amount
of water and continue washing for
(Continued)
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{Warning
For safety and the protection of
the vehicle, do not push-start the
vehicle.
Never tow the vehicle to start
because a surge forward when
the engine starts could cause a
collision with the tow vehicle.
Also, this vehicle has a 12-volt
battery, 12-volt starting system
and a negative ground electrical
system; be sure the vehicle or
equipment used to jump start your
engine is also 12-volt. Use of any
other system may damage the
vehicle's electrical components.
Under no circumstances should
the battery's positive and negative
terminals be put in contact with
one another.
When connecting the cables,
under no circumstances should
the clips be allowed to touch each
other.(Continued)
Warning (Continued)
Do not disconnect a battery
terminal with the engine running.
It could cause a breakdown in the
electrical system.
You and others could be seriously
injured.
If you notice battery fluid leaking,
have an inspection carried out
immediately by the nearest dealer.
Diesel engine vehicles have more
than one battery because of the
higher torque required to start a
diesel engine. This procedure can
be used to start a single-battery
vehicle from any of the diesel
vehicle's batteries. However, at low
temperatures, it may not be possible
to start a diesel engine from a single
battery from another vehicle. 1. Use a vehicle that has a charged battery with the same
voltage. Make sure that the
other vehicle also has a 12-volt
starting system, and that it is the negative (–) terminal which
is grounded (attached to the
engine block, or frame rail).
2. Position the vehicle with the good (charged) battery so that
the booster (jumper) cables will
reach. But never let the
vehicles touch. Also, be sure
the booster cables to be used
do not have loose or missing
insulation.
3. In both vehicles, turn off the ignition (engine control) switch
and all lights and accessories
except the hazard flasher or
any lights needed for the work
area. In both vehicles, apply
the parking brake firmly and
move the selector lever to the
"P" position.
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Vehicle Care 293
After Towing
After towing the vehicle, block the
rear wheels and install axle shafts
or driveshaft.
Apply the parking brake before
disconnecting from the towing
vehicle. Check and fill rear axle with
oil, if required.
Rear End Towing
When towing a vehicle with rear
wheels raised, secure the steering
wheel to maintain straight-ahead
position. Make certain that the front
axle is not loaded beyond the front
axle gross axle weight rating
(GAWR) as indicated on the
vehicle's VIN and weight rating
plate.
Special Towing Instructions1. All state and local laws regarding such items as
warning signals, night
illumination, speed, etc., must
be followed. 2. Safety chains must be used.
3. No vehicle should ever be
towed over 88 km/h (55 mph).
4. Loose or protruding parts of damaged vehicles should be
secured prior to moving.
5. A safety chain system completely independent of the
primary lifting and towing
attachment must be used.
6. Operators should refrain from going under a vehicle which is
being lifted by the towing
equipment unless the vehicle is
adequately supported by safety
stands.
7. No towing operation which for any reason jeopardizes the
safety of the wrecker operator
or any bystanders or other
motorists should be attempted.Appearance Care
Exterior Care
Exterior Finish
The paint finish on your vehicle
provides beauty, depth of color,
gloss retention and durability.
While cleaning the vehicle, do not
grip the roofmarker lights to prevent
damage or water leakage.
Washing
The best way to preserve your
vehicle's finish is to keep it clean by
washing it often.
Wash the vehicle in lukewarm or
cold water. Do not use hot water or
wash your vehicle in the direct rays
of the sun. Do not use strong soap
or chemical detergents. All cleaning
agents should be flushed promptly
from the surface and not allowed to
dry on the finish.
These vehicles are designed to
operate under normal environmental
conditions to withstand natural
elements. However, unusual
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294 Vehicle Care
conditions such as high-pressure
car washers may cause water to
enter inside the vehicle. If the
vehicle is operated with foreign
material adhering to the exterior,
this material may react chemically
with paint, resulting in staining,
discoloration, rusting or corrosion of
components. Also, the material may
become trapped within mechanical
components, adversely affecting
their functions or forming an
aerodynamic resistance. In the
following cases, therefore, the
vehicle must be washed and all
foreign matter removed.
.When soot, iron powder, dead
bugs, bird droppings, tree sap or
oily matter from coal tar and
smoke has adhered to painted
surfaces.
. When the vehicle has been
driven in coastal areas.
. When the vehicle has been
driven on roads where road
chemicals have been applied.
. When a large amount of mud or
dirt has adhered to the exterior. To wash the vehicle:
1. Fully turn on the tap, and wash out the undercarriage and
suspension.
2. Close all openings and wash the cab and cargo body panels
using a neutral detergent.
3. Clean wheels and tires using a brush and detergent.
4. After washing away all remaining detergent, use a
shammy or other clean cloth to
fully remove all moisture and
water droplets.
{Warning
Follow the manufacturer's advice
whenever cleaning agents or
other chemicals are used, inside
or outside the vehicle. Some
cleaners may be poisonous or
flammable, and improper use may
cause personal injury or damage.
When cleaning the inside or
outside of the vehicle, do not use
volatile cleaning solvents, such as
(Continued)
Warning (Continued)
acetone, lacquer thinners, enamel
reducers, nail polish removers; or
such cleaning materials as
laundry soaps, bleaches or
reducing agents, except as noted
in the following fabric cleaning
advice on stain removal.
Never use carbon tetrachloride,
gasoline, benzene or naphtha for
any cleaning purpose. Open all
vehicle doors for ventilation when
ANY cleaning agents or other
chemicals are used in the interior.
Overexposure to some vapors
may result in a health problem
that is more likely to occur in
small, unventilated spaces.
You and others could be seriously
injured.
Do not apply water directly in order
to clean the cab interior. Failure to
observe this precaution can result in
malfunction or breakdown of
electronic control units and electrical
components, or in rusting of the cab
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Interior Care
General
Remove dust and dirt from the
interior of the cab using an
automotive cleaner or vacuum
cleaner, and gently wipe surfaces
clean using a cloth wet with warm or
cold water.
{Warning
Water should never be sprayed
directly into the interior of the cab
when cleaning. Failure to observe
this precaution can lead to vehicle
malfunction and possibly to fire if
water should enter the audio
system or other electrical
components located underneath
the floor carpet.
Petroleum ether, gasoline and
other organic solvents should not
be used to clean seat belts. In
addition, seat belt webbing should
be neither bleached nor redyed.
Failure to observe these(Continued)
Warning (Continued)
precautions can lead to the
performance or strength of the
seat belts being impaired. In the
case of a collision, therefore, the
seat belts could be insufficiently
effective, and serious
life-threatening injuries could
result. When cleaning, use warm
water in which a small amount of
neutral detergent has been
dissolved to gently wipe the seat
belts.
Follow the manufacturer's advice
whenever cleaning agents or
other chemicals are used, inside
or outside the vehicle. Some
cleaners may be poisonous or
flammable, and improper use may
cause personal injury or damage.
When cleaning the inside or
outside of the vehicle, do not use
volatile cleaning solvents, such as
acetone, lacquer thinners, enamel
reducers, nail polish removers; or
such cleaning materials as(Continued)
Warning (Continued)
laundry soaps, bleaches or
reducing agents, except as noted
in the following fabric cleaning
advice on stain removal. Never
use carbon tetrachloride,
gasoline, benzene or naphtha for
any cleaning purpose.
Open all vehicle doors for
ventilation when ANY cleaning
agents or other chemicals are
used in the interior. Overexposure
to some vapors may result in a
health problem that is more likely
to occur in small, unventilated
spaces.
You and others could be seriously
injured.
The interior of the vehicle must
never be cleaned using acidic or
alkaline solvents, or petroleum
ether, gasoline, and other organic
solvents. Failure to observe this
precaution can result in
discoloration and staining. It should
be noted that certain types of