2018 CHEVROLET CORVETTE brake light

Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
11374030) - 2018 - CRC - 11/8/17
244 Vehicle Care
installed. Add or remove fluid, as
necessary, only when work is done
on the brake hydraulic system.
{Warning
If too much brake fluid is added, it
can spill on the engine and burn,
if the engine is hot enough. You
or others could be burned, and
the vehicle could be damaged.
Add brake fluid only when work is
done on the brake hydraulic
system.
When the brake fluid falls to a low
level, the brake warning light comes
on. See Brake System Warning
Light 0113.
Brake fluid absorbs water over time
which degrades the effectiveness of
the brake fluid. Replace brake fluid
at the specified intervals to prevent
increased stopping distance. See
Maintenance Schedule 0304. What to Add
If the vehicle has DOT 3 brake fluid,
as indicated on the reservoir cap,
use only GM approved DOT 3 brake
fluid from a sealed container. See
Recommended Fluids and
Lubricants
0313.
If the vehicle has DOT 4 brake fluid,
as indicated on the reservoir cap,
use only GM approved DOT 4 brake
fluid from a sealed container. See
Recommended Fluids and
Lubricants 0313.
{Warning
The wrong or contaminated brake
fluid could result in damage to the
brake system. This could result in
the loss of braking leading to a
possible injury. Always use the
proper GM approved brake fluid.
Caution
If brake fluid is spilled on the
vehicle's painted surfaces, the
paint finish can be damaged.
Immediately wash off any painted
surface.
Battery - North America
The original equipment battery is
maintenance free. Do not remove
the cap and do not add fluid.
Refer to the replacement number on
the original battery label when a
new battery is needed. For battery
replacement, see your dealer.
{Warning
WARNING: Battery posts,
terminals, and related
accessories contain lead and lead
compounds, chemicals known to
the State of California to cause
cancer and birth defects or other
(Continued)

Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
11374030) - 2018 - CRC - 11/8/17
310 Service and Maintenance
Additional
Maintenance and Care
Your vehicle is an important
investment and caring for it properly
may help to avoid future costly
repairs. To maintain vehicle
performance, additional
maintenance services may be
required.
It is recommended that your dealer
perform these services—their
trained dealer technicians know
your vehicle best. Your dealer can
also perform a thorough
assessment with a multi-point
inspection to recommend when your
vehicle may need attention.
The following list is intended to
explain the services and conditions
to look for that may indicate
services are required. Battery
The 12-volt battery supplies power
to start the engine and operate any
additional electrical accessories.
.
To avoid break-down or failure to
start the vehicle, maintain a
battery with full cranking power.
. Trained dealer technicians have
the diagnostic equipment to test
the battery and ensure that the
connections and cables are
corrosion-free.
Belts
. Belts may need replacing if they
squeak or show signs of
cracking or splitting.
. Trained dealer technicians have
access to tools and equipment
to inspect the belts and
recommend adjustment or
replacement when necessary. Brakes
Brakes stop the vehicle and are
crucial to safe driving.
.
Signs of brake wear may include
chirping, grinding, or squealing
noises, or difficulty stopping.
. Trained dealer technicians have
access to tools and equipment
to inspect the brakes and
recommend quality parts
engineered for the vehicle.
Fluids
Proper fluid levels and approved
fluids protect the vehicle’s systems
and components. See
Recommended Fluids and
Lubricants 0313 for GM approved
fluids.
. Engine oil and windshield
washer fluid levels should be
checked at every fuel fill.
. Instrument cluster lights may
come on to indicate that fluids
may be low and need to be
filled.

Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
11374030) - 2018 - CRC - 11/8/17
Service and Maintenance 311
Hoses
Hoses transport fluids and should
be regularly inspected to ensure
that there are no cracks or leaks.
With a multi-point inspection, your
dealer can inspect the hoses and
advise if replacement is needed.
Lamps
Properly working headlamps,
taillamps, and brake lamps are
important to see and be seen on
the road.
.Signs that the headlamps need
attention include dimming, failure
to light, cracking, or damage.
The brake lamps need to be
checked periodically to ensure
that they light when braking.
. With a multi-point inspection,
your dealer can check the lamps
and note any concerns. Shocks and Struts
Shocks and struts help aid in control
for a smoother ride.
.
Signs of wear may include
steering wheel vibration, bounce/
sway while braking, longer
stopping distance, or uneven
tire wear.
. As part of the multi-point
inspection, trained dealer
technicians can visually inspect
the shocks and struts for signs
of leaking, blown seals,
or damage, and can advise
when service is needed. Tires
Tires need to be properly inflated,
rotated, and balanced. Maintaining
the tires can save money and fuel,
and can reduce the risk of tire
failure.
.
Signs that the tires need to be
replaced include three or more
visible treadwear indicators; cord
or fabric showing through the
rubber; cracks or cuts in the
tread or sidewall; or a bulge or
split in the tire.
. Trained dealer technicians can
inspect and recommend the right
tires. Your dealer can also
provide tire/wheel balancing
services to ensure smooth
vehicle operation at all speeds.
Your dealer sells and services
name brand tires.

Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
11374030) - 2018 - CRC - 11/8/17
Index 347
IndexA
Accessories andModifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Accessory Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Active Fuel Management . . . . . . . 184
Active Rev Match . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Add-On Electrical Equipment . . . 214
Additional Information OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
Additional Maintenance
and Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
Adjustments Lumbar, Front Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Air Cleaner/Filter, Engine . . . . . . . 233
Air Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Air Dam, Front . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Air Filter, Passenger
Compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Air Vents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Airbag System
Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
How Does an AirbagRestrain? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Passenger Sensing System . . . . 77
What Makes an Airbag
Inflate? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
What Will You See after an Airbag Inflates? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Airbag System (cont'd)
When Should an Airbag
Inflate? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Where Are the Airbags? . . . . . . . . 73
Airbags Adding Equipment to theVehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Passenger Status Indicator . . . .110
Readiness Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Servicing Airbag-Equipped Vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
System Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Alarm Vehicle Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Antilock Brake System (ABS) . . . 193 Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114
Appearance Care Exterior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
Interior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
Assistance Program, Roadside . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325
Assistance Systems for Parking and Backing . . . . . . . . . . 208
Automatic Dimming Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Door Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Headlamp System . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185

Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
11374030) - 2018 - CRC - 11/8/17
348 Index
Automatic (cont'd)Transmission Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Automatic Transmission Manual Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Shift Lock Control Function
Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Axle, Rear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
B
Battery Exterior Lighting BatterySaver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Power Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Battery - North America . . . . 244, 287
Blade Replacement, Wiper . . . . . 247
Boost Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Brake
Parking, Electric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
System Warning Light . . . . . . . . .113
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 Antilock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Assist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Braking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Break-In, New Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . 177
Bulb Replacement
Headlamp Aiming . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Headlamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250 Bulb Replacement (cont'd)
High Intensity Discharge
(HID) Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
License Plate Lamps . . . . . . . . . 250
Buying New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
C
Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
California Fuel Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . .211
Perchlorate Materials
Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
California Proposition
65 Warning . . . . . . . . . .216, 244, 287,
Back Cover
Canadian Vehicle Owners . . . . . . . . 2
Capacities and Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318
Carbon Monoxide Engine Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Hatch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Winter Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Cargo
Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Tie-Downs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Cargo Net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Caution, Danger, and Warning . . . . 2 Center Console Storage . . . . . . . . . 94
Chains, Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Charging System Light . . . . . . . . . 111
Check
Engine Light (MalfunctionIndicator) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Child Restraints
Infants and Young Children . . . . . 84
Lower Anchors and Tethersfor Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Older Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Securing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Cleaning Exterior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
Interior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
Climate Control Systems Dual Automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Cluster, Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Clutch, Hydraulic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Collision Damage Repair . . . . . . . 328
Compartments Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Compass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Competition Oriented Tires . . . . . 260
Competitive Driving Mode . . . . . . 201
Composite Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . 178

Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
11374030) - 2018 - CRC - 11/8/17
Index 349
Compressor Kit, Tire Sealant . . . 279
ConnectionsOnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
Control Traction and ElectronicStability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Control of a Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Convenience Net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Convertible Top . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Convex Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Coolant
Engine Temperature Gauge . . 108
Engine TemperatureWarning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115
Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . 236, 239
Courtesy Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Courtesy Transportation Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
Cover Cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118
Cupholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Customer Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . 324 Offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
Text Telephone (TTY)Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324 Customer Information
Service Publications
Ordering Information . . . . . . . . 330
Customer Satisfaction Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
D
Damage Repair, Collision . . . . . . . 328
Danger, Warning, and Caution . . . . 2
Data CollectionInfotainment System . . . . . . . . . . 334
OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
Data Recorder Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Data Recorders, Event . . . . . . . . . 333
Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Defensive Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Diagnostics OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
Differential, Limited-Slip . . . . . . . . 205
Distracted Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Door Ajar Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Power Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Drive Belt Routing, Engine . . . . . . 320
Driver Information
Center (DIC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Driver Mode Control . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Driving Competitive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Defensive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Drunk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
For Better Fuel Economy . . . . . . . 25
Hill and Mountain Roads . . . . . . 171
If the Vehicle is Stuck . . . . . . . . . 173
Loss of Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Off-Road Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Track Events andCompetitive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Vehicle Load Limits . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Wet Roads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Dual Automatic Climate Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
E
Electric Parking Brake . . . . . . . . . . 193
Electric Parking Brake Light . . . . 113
Electrical Equipment,Add-On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
11374030) - 2018 - CRC - 11/8/17
350 Index
Electrical SystemEngine Compartment Fuse
Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
Fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Overload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Rear Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Electronic Stability Control (ESC) Off Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Emergency OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Check Light (MalfunctionIndicator) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Compartment Overview . . . . . . . 221
Coolant Temperature
Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Coolant Temperature Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . 236, 239
Drive Belt Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Oil Life System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Oil Pressure Light . . . . . . . . . . . . .116
Overheating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
Power Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Running While Parked . . . . . . . . 185 Engine (cont'd)
Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Entry Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Event Data Recorders . . . . . . . . . . 333
Exit Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Extended Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Extender, Seat Belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Exterior Lamp Controls . . . . . . . . . 137
Exterior Lamps Off Reminder . . . 137
Exterior Lighting Battery Saver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
F
FeaturesMemory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Filter, Engine Air Cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Flashers, Hazard Warning . . . . . . 140
Flat Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Floor Mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
Fluid Automatic Transmission . . . . . . 232
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Folding Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Frequency Statement Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331 Front Air Dam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Front Seats
Heated and Ventilated . . . . . . . . . . 64
Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 Additives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .211
Economy Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Filling a Portable FuelContainer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Filling the Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Foreign Countries . . . . . . . . . . . . .211
Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Low Fuel Warning Light . . . . . . . .117
Management, Active . . . . . . . . . . 184
Requirements, California . . . . . .211
Fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 Engine Compartment Fuse
Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
Rear Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
G
Garage Door Opener . . . . . . . . . . . 133Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Gas Strut(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Gauges Boost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Engine Coolant
Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
11374030) - 2018 - CRC - 11/8/17
352 Index
Lamps (cont'd)Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Lap-Shoulder Belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
LATCH, Lower Anchors and Tethers for Children . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Latches, Seatback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
LED Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Lifting the Vehicle, Tires . . . . . . . . 217
Lighting Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Illumination Control . . . . . . . . . . . 141
LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Lights
Airbag Readiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Antilock Brake System(ABS) Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114
Brake System Warning . . . . . . . .113
Charging System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Check Engine (Malfunction
Indicator) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118
Door Ajar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118
Electric Parking Brake . . . . . . . . .113
Electronic Stability Control (ESC), Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115
Engine Coolant Temperature Warning . . . . . . . .115 Lights (cont'd)
Engine Oil Pressure . . . . . . . . . . .116
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
High-Beam On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117
High/Low Beam Changer . . . . . 138
Low Fuel Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . .117
Seat Belt Reminders . . . . . . . . . . 109
Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117
Service Electric Parking
Brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .116
Traction Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114
Limited-Slip Differential . . . . . . . . . 205
Locks Automatic Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Lockout Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Power Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Loss of Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Low Fuel Warning Light . . . . . . . . . 117
Low-Profile Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Lower Anchors and Tethers for Children (LATCH
System) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Lumbar Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Front Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59M
MaintenanceRecords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
Maintenance and Care Additional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
Maintenance Schedule . . . . . . . . . 304 Recommended Fluids andLubricants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
Malfunction Indicator Lamp . . . . . 111
Manual Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Manual Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . 190 Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Matching Active Rev . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Memory Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Memory Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Messages Engine Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Vehicle Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Mirrors Automatic Dimming . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Automatic DimmingRearview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Convex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Folding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Heated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Manual Rearview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46