Instrumen ts and ind icator ligh ts
Instruments and indicator Lights
Instruments
Instrument cluster overview
The instrument cluster is the central information center for the driver.
Fig. 3 Instrument cluster overv iew
(D ISETI button .... ........... .. .
Tachometer .... .. .. ..... .... .
Engine coolant temperature gauge 9
9
8 @
®
©
®
Turn signal ind icator lights ..... . 34
Disp lay w ith:
- Indicator lights
- Driver information system
10
18
@ Speedometer
0
®
Fu el level .. .... ........... .. .
Trip odometer reset button 10.0 1
@ Tips
The instrument illumination for the needles
and dia ls turns on when the ignition is turned
on and the lights are turned off. The illumina
tion for the gauges reduces automat ica lly and
eventually turns off as brightness outside in
creases . T his function reminds the drive r to
turn the low beams on at the approp riate
time.
Coolant temperature indicator
9
9
The coolan t temperature indic ato r@ r=:> page 8,
fig. 3 only operates when the igni tion is switched
8
"'
"' N
0
;::) a,
"'
on. To prevent engine damage, please observe
the following notes about the temperature rang
es.
Cold ran ge
If the needle is at the bottom of the gauge, the
engine has not reached operating temperature
yet. Avoid high eng ine speeds, full accelerating
and heavy engine loads.
Normal range
The engine has reached operating temperature
when the needle moves into the center of the
gauge under norma l driving condit ions. The nee
dle may move farther to the right on the gauge
with heavier engine load at hig h outside temper
atu res . If the needle is far ove r on the r ight side
of the gauge and the. in dicator light turns on
i n the instrument cluster, then the coolant tem
peratu re is too high
r=;, page 12.
(D Note
- Aux ilia ry headlights and ot her accessories in
front of the coo ling-a ir intake impa ir the
cooling effect of the coolant. This increa ses
the risk of the engine overheating dur ing ..,_
Instruments and indicator lights
If the ABS indicato r light LtiiJ (U SA mode ls)/ li]
(Canada models) , the ESC ind icator light
Dl and
the brake system ind icator light
1111 ( U SA mod
els)/ . (Canada models) all turn on and this
message appears , then the ABS, ESC and braking
d istr ibut io n are malfunctioning ¢,&. .
Do not cont inue driving . See an autho rized Aud i
dealer or authori zed Aud i Serv ice Facility for as
sistance ¢,&. .
1111 (USA models )/. (Can ada model s) Park
ing brake: System fault! See owner 's manual
-If the indica tor l ight and the message appear
when the vehicle is stationar y or after sw itch
ing the ignitio n on ,
check if you can release the
parking b rake.
If you cannot re lease the park
ing brake, see an authori zed Aud i dea ler or au
thori zed Audi Serv ice Facility. If you can rele ase
the parking brake and the message still ap
pears, see an autho rized Aud i dealer or author
ized Audi Service Facility immed iately to have
the malfunction corrected.
- If the indicator l ight and message appea r while
dri vin g ,
the hill start assist or emergency brak
ing func tion may be malfunctioning. It may not
be possib le to set the parking brake or release
it once it has been set . Do not park your veh icle
on hi lls. See an authorized Audi dealer or au
thorized Audi Service Facility for assistance .
Applies to: USA models
If t he 1111 and EiJ indicator lights turn on a t the
same time, the brake pads are worn out
¢ page 14.
& WARNING
-Read and follow the warn ings in
¢ page 155, Working in the engine com
partment
before open ing the hood and
check ing the b rake fl uid level.
- If the brake system indicator light does not
turn off or it t urns on while driv ing, the
brake fluid level in the reservoir is too low ,
and this increases the risk of an acc ident .
Stop the vehicle and do not continue dr iv
ing. See an author ized Audi dealer or au
tho rized Aud i Serv ice Facility fo r ass ist ance.
12
- If the brake system indicator light t urns on
together w ith the ABS and ESC indicator
lights, the ABS/ESC regu lating function may
be malfunct ion ing . Fu nctions that stabilize
the vehicle are no longer available . This
could cause the vehicle to swerve, which in
creases the risk that the vehicle will slide.
Do not co nt inu e d rivi ng. See an autho rize d
Aud i dea ler or a uthorized Aud i Serv ice Facili
ty for ass istance .
PARK/<®) Electromechanical parking brake
If the -(USA mode ls) I. (Canada models)
i ndicato r light turns on, the parking brake was
set.
- (USA model s) /. (Can ada model s) Pre ss
brake pedal to r ele a se parking brake
To release the parking brake , press the brake
pedal and press the(®) button at the same t ime
or start driving with hill start assist¢
page 65,
Starting from a stop.
f p j Pa rking brake: S ystem faul t! See owner' s
manual.
T here is a ma lfunction in the parking brake. Drive
to an authori zed Aud i dea ler or a uthori zed Audi
Service Facility immediate ly to have the malfunc
tion corrected.
(D Tips
For additional informat ion on the parking
brake, see
¢ page 63.
-F-Cooling system
• Turn off engine and ch eck coolant level.
The coolant level is too low.
Do not continue driving and switch the engine
off. Check the coolant level ¢
page 162.
-If the coo lant level is too low, add coolant
¢
page 162 . Only continue driving on ce the in
dica tor ligh t turns off .
• Coolant temperature! Let engine run with
v e hicle stationar y.
0 co ......
"' ,....
"' ...... 0 0 :::,
00
L et the engine run at idle for a few minutes to
cool off, until the indicator light turns off.
- If the indicator light does not turn off, do not
continue driving the vehicle. See an authorized
Audi dealer or authorized Audi Service Facility
for assistance .
A WARNING
-Never open the hood if you can see or hear
steam or coolant escaping from the engine
compartment. This increases the risk of
burns. Wait until you no longer see or hear
steam or coolant escap ing .
- The engine compartment in any veh icle can
be a dangerous area. Stop the engine and
allow it to cool before working in the engine
compartment. Always follow the informa
tion found inc::>
page 155, Working in the
engine compartment.
(D Note
Do not continue driving if the. indicator
light turns on as this increases the risk of en
gine damage.
Stop the eng ine and do not continue dr iving .
Check the engine oil leve l c::>
page 160.
- If the engine oil level is too low, add engine oil
c::>page 160. Only cont inue driv ing once the in
dicator light turns off.
- If the engine oil level is correct and the indica
tor light st ill turns on, turn the eng ine off and
do not continue driving. See an authorized Audi
dealer or authorized Audi Service Facility for as
s istance.
(D Tips
The oi l pressure warning is not an o il level in
dicator. Always check the oil level regularly.
0 Generator/vehicle battery
• Alternator fault: Battery is not being charg
ed.
Instruments and indicator lights
T he re is a malfunct ion in the a lternator or the ve
hicle e lectrical system.
Drive to an authorized Audi dealer or authorized
Audi Service Facility immediately. Because the ve
hicle battery is discharging, turn off all unneces
sary electrical equipment such as the radio. See
an authorized Aud i dea ler or authorized Audi
Service Facility if the battery charge level is too low.
[•] Low battery charge: Battery will be charged
while driving.
T he starting ability may be impaired.
If this message turns off after a little while, the
vehicle battery cha rged enough while driving.
If the message does not turn off, have an author
ized Audi dealer or author ized Audi Service Facili
ty repair the malfunction .
,{,_ Safety belt
The . indicator light stays on until the dr iver's
and front passenge r's safety belts are buckled.
Above a certa in speed, there will a lso be a warn
ing tone .
(D Tips
For additional informat ion on safety belts,
see c::>
page 106.
@-Steering lock
• Steering fault! Do not drive vehicle!
There is a malfunction in the electron ic steering
lock. You cannot turn the ign ition on.
Do
not tow your vehicle because it cannot be
stee red. See an author ized Audi dealer or author
ized Audi Service Facility for assistance .
!II Steering lock: System fault! Please contact
dealer.
There is a malfunction in the e lectronic steering
lock.
Drive to an authorized Audi dealer or authorized
Audi Service Facility immediate ly to have the
malfunction corrected.
Ill>
13
Check ing and F illing
Cooling system
Coolant
The engine coo ling system is filled with a mixture
of pur ified wate r and coolan t addit ive at the fa c
t ory . T his coo la nt must not be not changed .
The coolant leve l is monito red throug h the . in
d icator light
¢ page 12. Howeve r, we do recom
mend occasionally chec king the coo la nt level
manually.
If you must add coolant, use a m ixt ure of wa ter
a nd coo lant add it ive. Mixing the coolant additive
with d istilled water is recommended.
Coolant additive
The coolant additive is made of ant i-freezing and
corros ion protection agents. Only use the fo llow
ing coolant add it ives. These addit ives may be
m ixed w it h each other.
Coolant additive Specification
G13
TL 774 J
G12++ TL 774 G
The amount of coo lant add itive that needs to be
mixed wit h water depends on the climate where
the vehicle will be operated . If the coolant addi
tive percentage is too low, the coolant can free ze
and damage the engine.
Coolant Freeze protec-
additive tion
Warm min . 40% m in. -13 °F
reg ions max . 45% (
- 25 °C)
Co ld min. 50% max. -40 °F
reg ions max. 55% (-40 °C)
CJ) Note
- Befo re the start of winter, have an author
i zed Audi dealer or authorized A udi Service
Fac ility check if the coolant additive in yo ur
vehicle matc hes the percentage approp riate
for the climate . Th is is especially important
whe n driving in co lde r clima tes.
- If the approp riate coolant additive is not
available in an emergency, do no t add any
other addi tive . You cou ld damage the en-
162
gine . If this h appens, on ly use wa ter and re
store the correct m ixt ure ratio with t he
specified coo lant ad ditive as soon as poss i
ble.
- Only refill w ith new coolant .
- Radiator sealant mus t not be mixed wi th
the coolant .
Adding coolant
Fig. 140 En gine co mpar tm ent: coo la nt expans io n ta nk
cove r
Observe the safety precautions¢ page 155,
Working in the engine compartment .
Checking the eng ine c oolant level
.,. Park the vehicle on a level surface .
.,. Sw itch the ignit ion off.
-"' -"' •
"" co a,
.,. Read the coolant level on the coolant expansion
tank ¢
page 158 , fig. 137. T he coolant leve l
must be betwee n the markings when the en
gi ne i n cold . When t he e ng ine is warm it can be
slightly above the uppe r mar king .
Adding coolant
Requirement: there must be a residual amount of
coolant in the expansion ta nk
¢ (D .
.,. Let the engine coo l down.
.,. Place a clot h over the coolant expansion tan k
cap and unscrew the cap counterclockw ise
¢ .&._ .
.,. Add coo lant m ixed in the cor rect rat io
c;, page 162 up to t he up per ma rk ing .
.,. Make sure that the fluid level remains stab le.
Add mo re coolan t if necess ary.
.,. Close the cap sec urely .
Coo lant loss usually ind icates there is a lea k. Im-
med iate ly dr ive you r ve hicl e to a n author ized .,.
a
co
...... N r-,. N
"" 0 0 ::, co
Audi dealer or authorized Audi Service Facility
and have the cooling system inspected. If the
cooling system is not leaking, a loss can come
from the coolant boiling through overheating
and being pushed out of the cooling system.
A WARNING
- The cooling system is under pressure . Do
not open the coolant expansion tank cap
when the engine is hot . This increases the
risk of burns .
- The coolant additive and the coolant can be
dangerous to your health. For this reason,
keep the coolant in the original container
and away from children. There is a risk of
poisoning.
- When working in the engine compartment,
remember that the radiator fan can switch
on even if the ignition is switched off, which
increases the risk of injury.
CD Note
-
Do not add coolant if the expansion tank is
empty . Air could enter the cooling system and
damage the engine.
If this is the case, do not
continue driving. See an authorized Audi deal
er or authorized Audi Service Facility for assis
tance.
Brake fluid
Fig. 141 Eng ine compartment: cap on brake flu id reservoir
Observe the safety precautions ¢ page 155,
Working in the engine compartment .
Checking the brake fluid level
~ Read the brake fluid Level on the brake fluid
reservoir ~
page 158, fig . 13 7. The brake fluid
Checking and Filling
Level must be between the MIN and MAX mark
ings
~ A .
The brake fluid Level is monitored automatically.
Changing the brake fluid
Have the brake fluid changed regularly by an au
thorized Audi dealer or authorized Audi Service Facility .
A WARNING
- If the brake fluid level is below the MIN
marking, it can impair the braking effect
and driving safety, which increase the risk of
an accident. Do not continue driving. See an
authorized Audi dealer or authorized A udi
Service Facility for assistance.
- If the brake fluid is old, bubbles may form
in the brake system during heavy braking .
This would impair braking performance and driving safety, which increases the risk of an
accident .
- To ensure the brake system functions cor
rectly, only use brake fluids that comply
with VW standard 501 14 or
FMVSS-116 DOT 4.
CD Note
- If the brake flu id level is above the MAX
marking, brake fluid may Leak out over the
edge of the reservoir and result in damage
to the vehicle.
- Do not get any brake fluid on the vehicle
paint, because it will corrode the paint.
Battery
General warnings about batteries
Because of the complex power supp ly, all work
on batteries such as disconnecting, replacing,
etc. should
only be performed by an authorized
Audi dealer or authorized Audi Service Facility
¢ .&,.
The term "vehicle battery " refers to the 12 Volt
battery in your vehicle.
163
...
0 co ......
"' ,....
"' ...... 0 0 :::,
00
today's automobiles, have steadily reduced the
scope of maintenance and repairs which can be
carried out by vehicle owners.
Also, safety and
environmental
concerns place very strict limits
on the nature of repairs and adjustments to en
gine and transmission parts which an owner can perform .
Maintenance, adjustments and repairs usually re
quire special tools, testing devices and other
equipment available to specially trained work
shop personnel in order to assure proper per
formance, reliability and safety of the vehicle and
its many systems.
Improper maintenance, adjustments and repairs
can impair the operation and reliability of your
vehicle and even void your vehicle warranty .
Therefore, proof of servicing in accordance with
the maintenance schedule may be a condition for upholding a possible warranty claim made within
the warranty period.
Above all , operational safety can be adversely af
fected, creating unnecessary risks for you and
your passengers.
If in doubt about any servicing, have it done by
your authorized Audi dealer or any other properly equipped and qualified workshop. We strongly urge you to give your authorized Audi dealer the
opportunity to perform all scheduled mainte nance and necessary repairs. Your dealer has the
facilities, original parts and trained specialists to keep your vehicle running properly .
Performing limited maintenance yourself
The following pages describe a limited number of
procedures which can be performed on your vehi
cle with ordinary tools, should the need arise and
trained personnel be unavailable. Before per
forming any of these procedures, always thor
oughly read all of the applicable text and careful ly follow the instructions given . Always rigorously
observe the
WARNINGS provided .
Before you check anything in the engine com
partment, always read and heed all WARNINGS
c::> .&. and c::> .&. in Working in the engine compart
ment on page 155. Consumer Information
A WARNING
-
Serious personal injury may occur as a result
of improperly performed maintenance, ad
justments or repairs .
- Always be extremely careful when working
on the vehicle. Always follow commonly ac
cepted safety practices and general com
mon sense. Never risk personal injury.
- Do not attempt any of the maintenance,
checks or repairs described on the following
pages if you are not fully familiar with these
or other procedures with respect to the ve
hicle, or are uncertain how to proceed.
- Do not do any work without the proper tools
and equipment. Have the necessary work
done by your authorized Audi dealer or an
other properly equipped and qualified work
shop.
- The engine compartment of any motor vehi cle is a potentially hazardous area. Never
reach into the area around or touch the radi
ator fan.
It is temperature controlled and
can switch on suddenly - even when the en
gine is off and the ignition key has been re
moved. The radiator fan switches on auto
matically when the coolant reaches a certain
temperature and will continue to run until
the coolant temperature drops.
- Always remove the ignition key before any
one gets under the vehicle.
- Always support your vehicle with safety
stands if it is necessary to work underneath
the vehicle . The jack* supplied with the vehi
cle is not adequate for this purpose and
could collapse causing serious personal in
jury.
- If you must work underneath the vehicle
with the wheels on the ground, always make
sure the vehicle is on level ground, that the
wheels are always securely blocked and that the engine cannot be started.
- Always make sure the transmission selector
lever (automatic transmission) is in P (Park
position) and the park brake is applied.
213
Consumer Info rmation
@ For the sake of the env ironment
- Changing the engine settings wi ll adversely
affect emission levels. Th is is detrimental to
the environment and increases fuel con
sumption.
- A lways observe environmental regu lations
when disposing of old engine o il, used brake
fl ui d, d irty engine coolant, spent batteries
or worn out tires.
- Undeployed airbag modules and pretension
ers mig ht be classified as Perchlorate Mate
rial -special handl ing may apply, see
www.dtsc .ca.gov/hazardouswaste/perchlo
r ate. When the vehicle or parts of the re
straint system including airbag modu les
safety be lts wi th pretensioners are scrap
ped, all applicab le laws and regulations
must be observed. Your authorized Audi
dealer is familiar with these requirements
and we recommend that you have your deal er perform this service for you.
Accessories and technical changes
Additional accessories and parts replacement
Always consult on authorized Audi dealer before
purchasing accessories.
Audi veh icles that are constructed with advanced
materials like Steel/Aluminum (Hybrid construc
tion), Aluminum (Aud i Space Frame), and/or A lu
minum/Carbon F iber (Ultra Advanced L ight
We ight Materials) are as un ique as the ir drivers.
Therefore, the availability of certain parts needed
for repair, restoration, or reconstruction will be
rest ricted, or pa rts will be unava ilable, if the ve
h icle is not repaired at an a uth orized Aud i co lli
sion repair facility . This includes but is not limit
ed to structura l parts whic h require specia lized
training and equipment to restore their crash
worthiness back to the orig inal NHTSA and IIHS
performance.
Your vehicle incorporates the latest safety design
features ensuring a high standard of active and passive safety.
214
This sa fety could be compromised by non-ap
proved changes to the vehicle . For this reason, if
parts have to be rep laced, p lease observe the fol
l owing points when install ing additional accesso
ries:
Approved Audi accessories and genuine Audi parts are availab le from authorized Aud i dea lers .
These dea le rs a lso have the necessary facilit ies,
tools and trained specialists to install the parts
and accessories properly .
A WARNING
Using the wrong spare parts or using non-ap
proved accessories can cause damage to the
vehicle and serious personal injury.
- Use on ly accessories expressly approved by
Aud i and genuine Audi spare parts
- These parts and accessor ies have been spe
cially designed to be used on your vehicle.
- Never install accessor ies such as telephone
cradles or beverage holders on airbag covers
or w ith in the airbag deployment zones. Do
ing so will increase the risk of injury if a ir
bags are triggered in an accident!
- Before you check anything in the eng ine
compartment, always read and heed all
WARNINGS ~page 155.
(D Note
- If items other than genu ine A udi spare
parts, add-on equipment and accessory
items are used or if repair work is not per
formed according to specified methods, th is
can result in severe damage to your vehi
cle's eng ine and body (such as corrosion)
and adve rsely affect your veh icle's war ranty.
- If emergency repai rs must be performed
elsew here, have the vehicle exam ined by an
au tho riz e d Aud i dealer as soon as possib le.
- T he manufacture r cannot be held liable fo r
damage wh ich o ccu rs d ue to failure to com
ply wi th these stipula tions.
Index
Cleaning the tail lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Climate control system Drive se lect. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1
Climate control system (automatic) . . . . . . . 51
AU TO (automatic mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Changing the tempe rature unit . . . . . . . . . 55
Descr ipt io n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Key recogn ition . ............. .... .. .. 5 1
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Synchro nizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Climate control system (manual) Descr ipt io n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2
Closing Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Pano rama glass roof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
W indows .. .... .................. ... 30
Closing/opening
refer to Unlocking/locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Cockpit (overview) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Com ing home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Compact spare tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Compartments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45, 46
Compass in the mirror . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Consumer Info rmat ion ............. 104, 2 12
Consumpt ion (f ue l) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Cont acti ng NH TSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Convenience key Starting the engi ne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
S topping the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Sw itchi ng the ignition on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1
Unlo cking/lock ing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Convenience opening/closing . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Convertible chi ld safety seats . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Conve rt ible locking retractor
Activa ting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
D eactivating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Using to secure a child safety seat . . . . . . 146
Cooling mode (automatic climate control sys-
tem) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Cooling mode (manual climate control sys-
tem) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Cooling system Adding coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
218
Coolant level checking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Coo lant temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
C rossing water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 7, 66
Cruise control system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Cup ho lders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
C u rrent consumpt ion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
D
Data recorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Date.... ... .. .. .. .. .. ... . .. .... ... .. .. 9
Dayt ime run ning lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Declaration of compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Defros ting (w indows)
Automat ic climate contro l system . . . . . . . 55
Manua l cl imate control system . . . . . . . . . . 52
D EF (instrument clus ter) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Dete rm ining correct load limit . . . . . . . . . . 180
D igital compass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
D imens ions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Dimming t he exterior mirro rs . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
D imm ing the rearv iew mi rror . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 6
D isplay
Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Doors Child safe ty lo ck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
E mergency locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Driver informat ion system
D river messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
E ffic iency program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
On-board comp uter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Operat ing using t he m ultif unction steer ing
whee l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Operat ing using windsh ield wiper lever . . . 18
Overv iew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Se rvice interva l display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
D rive r se at
refer to Seating posi tion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
D rive select
refer to Aud i d rive select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Driving econom ically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Driving off road . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Drivi ng safe ly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
D riving through water .. ... . .. .... ... 57, 66
D rivi ng time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19