2017 VOLVO XC90 ESP

WHEELS AND TIRES
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Uniform Tire Quality Grading
ALL PASSENGER VEHICLE TIRES MUST CONFORM TO FEDERAL SAFETY REQUIRE-MENTS IN ADDITION TO THESE GRADES .
Quality grades can be found, where applica- ble, on the tire sidewall between the treadshoulder and maximum section width. Forexample: Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A
TREADWEARThe treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when testedunder controlled conditions on a specified gov-ernment test course. For example, a tire graded150 would wear one and one half (1 ½) times aswell on the government course as a tire graded100. The relative performance of tires dependsupon the actual conditions of their use, however,and many depart significantly from the norm dueto variation in driving habits, maintenance practi-ces and differences in road characteristics andclimate.
TRACTIONThe traction grades, from highest to lowest, areAA, A, B, and C, as measured under controlledconditions on specified government test surfacesof asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C mayhave poor traction performance. The tractiongrade assigned to this tire is based on braking (straight-ahead) traction tests and is not a meas-ure of cornering (turning) traction.
WARNING
The traction grade assigned to this tire is based on braking (straight-ahead) tractiontests and is not a measure of cornering (turn-ing) traction.
TEMPERATUREThe temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire's resistance to thegeneration of heat and its ability to dissipate heatwhen tested under controlled conditions on aspecified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustainedhigh temperature can cause the material of thetire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and exces-sive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure.The grade C corresponds to a minimum level ofperformance that all passenger vehicle tires mustmeet under the Federal Motor Safety StandardNo. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levelsof performance on the laboratory test wheel thanthe minimum required by law.
WARNING
The temperature grade for this tire is estab- lished for a tire that is properly inflated andnot overloaded. Excessive speed, under-infla-tion, or excessive loading, either separately orin combination, can cause heat buildup andtire failure.
Snow tires and chains
The use of snow chains and/or winter tires can help improve traction in winter driving conditions.
Snow chains can be used on your Volvo with the following restrictions:
• Snow chains should be installed on frontwheels only. Use only Volvo approved snowchains.
• If accessory, aftermarket or "custom" tiresand wheels are installed and are of a size dif-ferent than the original tires and wheels,chains in some cases CANNOT be used.Sufficient clearances between chains andbrakes, suspension and body componentsmust be maintained.
• Some strap-on type chains will interfere withbrake components and therefore CANNOTbe used.
• All Wheel Drive models
: Snow chains
should only be installed on the front wheels.
• Certain size tires may not allow the assemblyof snow chains/traction devices.
Consult your Volvo retailer for additional snowchain information.

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CAUTION
•Snow chains should not be used on wheels larger than 19".
• Always follow the chain manufacturer'sinstallation instructions carefully. Installchains as tightly as possible andretighten periodically.
• Check local regulations regarding the useof snow chains before installing.
• Use single-sided snow chains only.
• Never exceed the chain manufacturer'sspecified maximum speed limit. (Underno circumstances should you exceed31 mph (50 km/h).
• Avoid bumps, holes or sharp turns whendriving with snow chains.
• The handling of the vehicle can beadversely affected when driving withchains. Avoid fast or sharp turns as wellas locked wheel braking.
Checking tire inflation pressure
Correct tire inflation pressure helps improve driv- ing stability, save fuel and increase the servicelife of the tires.
WARNING
• Under-inflation is the most common cause of tire failure and may result insevere tire cracking, tread separation, or"blow-out," with unexpected loss of vehi-cle control and increased risk of injury.
• Under-inflated tires reduce the load car-rying capacity of your vehicle.
Cold tiresInflation pressure should be checked when thetires are cold. The tires are considered to be cold when they have the same temperature as the sur-rounding (ambient) air. This temperature is normally reached after the vehicle has been parked for at least 3 hours. After driving a distance of approximately 1 mile (1.6 km), the tires are considered to be hot. If youhave to drive farther than this distance to pumpyour tire(s), check and record the tire pressurefirst and add the appropriate air pressure whenyou get to the pump. When weather temperature changes occur, tire inflation pressures also change. A 10-degree temperature drop causes a corresponding dropof 1 psi (7 kPa) in inflation pressure. Check yourtire pressures frequently and adjust them to theproper pressure, which can be found on the vehi-cle's tire information placard or certification label. If checking tire pressure when the tire is hot, never "bleed" or reduce air pressure. The tiresare hot from driving and it is normal for pressuresto increase above recommended cold pressures.A hot tire at or below recommended cold inflationpressure could be significantly under-inflated.
Recommended inflation pressures
Tire inflation placard
A tire inflation pressure placard is located on the driver's side B-pillar (the structural member at theside of the vehicle, at the rear of the driver's dooropening). This placard indicates the designation

WHEELS AND TIRES
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CAUTION
•After inflating the tires, always reinstall the valve cap to help avoid damage to thevalve from dirt, gravel, etc.
• Use plastic valve caps only. Metal capscould corrode and become difficult toremove.
Related information
• Wheel bolts (p. 464)
• Jack (p. 462)
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) TPMS provides a warning if inflation pressure in one or more tires is too low. It also uses a sym-bol (called a telltale) that will flash for60 seconds and then glow steadily if there is asystem malfunction.
TPMS uses the rotational speed of the tires in combination with signal analysis of the ABS sen-sor signals to determine if they are properly infla-ted. When a tire is under-inflated, its diameter(and consequently also its rotational speed)changes. By comparing the individual tires witheach other it is possible to determine if one ormore tires are under inflated. If inflation pressureis too low, an indicator symbol will illuminate inthe instrument panel and a text message will bedisplayed.
Symbol
Explanation
The symbol illuminates to indicate low tire inflation pressure. If a malfunction occurs in the sys- tem, the tire pressure warning sym-bol will flash for approximately1 minute and then remain illumi-nated.
Each tire, including the spare (if provided), should be checked monthly when cold and inflated to the inflation pressure recommended by the vehi-cle manufacturer on the vehicle placard or tireinflation pressure label. (If your vehicle has tiresof a different size than the size indicated on thevehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label, youshould determine the proper tire inflation pres-sure for those tires.) As an added safety feature, your vehicle has been equipped with a tire pressure monitoringsystem (TPMS) that illuminates a low tire pres-sure telltale when one or more of your tires issignificantly under-inflated. Accordingly, when thelow tire pressure telltale illuminates, you shouldstop and check your tires as soon as possible,and inflate them to the proper pressure. Driving on a significantly under-inflated tire cau- ses the tire to overheat and can lead to tire fail-ure. Under-inflation also reduces fuel efficiencyand tire tread life, and may affect the vehicle'shandling and stopping ability. Please note thatthe TPMS is not a substitute for proper tire main-tenance, and it is the driver's responsibility tomaintain correct tire pressure, even if under-infla-tion has not reached the level to trigger illumina-tion of the TPMS low tire pressure telltale. Your vehicle has also been equipped with a TPMS malfunction indicator to indicate when thesystem is not operating properly. The TPMS mal-function indicator is combined with the low tirepressure telltale.

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WARNING
Please keep the following points in mind when using the tire sealing system:
• The sealing compound bottle (no. 8 in the illustration) contains 1) rubber latex, natu-ral and 2) ethanediol. These substancesare harmful if swallowed.
• The contents of this bottle may causeallergic skin reactions or otherwise bepotentially harmful to the respiratory tract,the skin, the central nervous system, andthe eyes.
Precautions: • Keep out of reach of children.
• Do not ingest the contents.
• Avoid prolonged or repeated contact with the skin.
• Wash thoroughly after handling.
First aid: • Skin: Wash affected areas of skin with soap and water. Get medical attention ifsymptoms occur.
• Eyes: Flush with plenty of water for least15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upperand lower eyelids. Get medical attention ifsymptoms occur.
• Inhalation: Move the exposed person tofresh air. If irritation persists, get medicalattention.
•
Ingestion: Do
NOT induce vomiting
unless directed to do so by medical per- sonnel. Get medical attention.
• Disposal: Dispose of this material and itscontainer to a hazardous or special wastecollection point.
Related information
•Inflating a tire with the tire sealing systemcompressor (p. 477)
• Using the tire sealing system (p. 473)
Using the tire sealing system
Overview
Electrical wire
Hose
Air release valve
Protective hose cover
Speed limit sticker (on the rear side of the compressor)
Bottle holder (orange cover)
Air pressure gauge
Bottle with sealing compound
On/Off switch

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ice technician to have the bottle removed and properly disposed of.
WARNING
If heavy vibrations, unsteady steering behavior, or noises should occur while driving, reducespeed and park the vehicle in a safe place.Recheck the tire for bumps, cracks, or othervisible damage, and recheck its inflation pres-sure. If the pressure is below 19 psi (1.3 bar),do not continue driving. Have the vehicletowed to a trained and qualified Volvo servicetechnician.
15. Rechecking the pressure Reconnect the tire sealing system's hose to the tire's inflation valve. 16. Without starting the compressor, check the
inflation pressure on the air pressure gauge. •If the pressure is under 19 psi (1.3 bar), the puncture has not been sealed suffi-ciently and the vehicle should not bedriven. Have the vehicle towed to a trainedand qualified Volvo service technician.
• If the pressure is more than 19 psi(1.3 bar), connect the electrical wire to a12-volt socket, start the compressor andinflate the tire to the correct pressure(see the tire pressure decal on the on thedriver's side B-pillar (the structural mem-ber at the side of the vehicle, at the rearof the driver's door opening). Use the airrelease valve to release some air from thetire if necessary.
17. Switch off the compressor and disconnect the electrical wire from the 12-volt socket.Unscrew the hose from the tire

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Avoid smoking, open flames, and/or sparks.
Risk of explosion
Recycle properly
NOTE
A used battery should be disposed of in an environmentally responsible manner. Consultyour Volvo retailer or take the battery to arecycling station.
Related information
•Start battery (p. 488)
Fuses The fuses help protect the vehicle's electrical components from overloading or short circuits.
WARNING
Never use metal objects or fuses with higher amperage than those stated on the lists offuses. Doing so could seriously damage oroverload the vehicle's electrical system.
If an electrical component fails to function, this may be due to a blown fuse. If the same fuseblows repeatedly, this indicates a problem withthe component, which should be inspected by atrained and qualified Volvo service technician.
Location of the fuseboxes
Engine compartment
Under the glove compartment
Cargo compartment
Related information
• Replacing fuses (p. 493)
• Fuses in the cargo compartment (p. 502)
• Fuses in the engine compartment (p. 494)
• Fuses in the passenger compartment (p. 498)

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICING
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CAUTION
•During high pressure washing, the spray mouthpiece must never be closer to thevehicle than 13" (30 cm). Do not sprayinto the locks.
• Dirt, snow, etc., on the headlights canreduce lighting capacity considerably.Clean the headlights regularly, for exam-ple when refueling.
Special laminated panoramic roof cau-
tions:
• Always close the laminated panoramicroof and sun shade before washing yourvehicle.
• Never use abrasive cleaning agents onthe laminated panoramic roof.
• Never use wax on the rubber sealsaround the laminated panoramic roof.
NOTE
When washing the vehicle, remember to remove dirt from the drain holes in the doorsand sills.
Automatic car washes
• We do NOT recommend washing your vehi- cle in an automatic wash during the first few months (because the paint will not havehardened sufficiently).
• An automatic wash is a simple and quick wayto clean your vehicle, but it is worth remem-bering that it may not be as thorough aswhen you yourself go over the vehicle withsponge and water. Keeping the underbodyclean is most important, especially in the win-ter. Some automatic washers do not havefacilities for washing the underbody.
NOTE
Condensation may form temporarily on the inside of the lenses of exterior lights such asheadlights or taillights. This is normal and thelights are designed to withstand moisture.Normally, condensation will dissipate after thelights have been on for a short time.
CAUTION
When using an automatic car wash in which the vehicle has to be able to roll freely, theauto-hold brake function must be deactivated.If this is not done, the brakes will automati-cally be applied when the vehicle is stationary. To deactivate this function:
1. Drive the vehicle into the car wash
2. Turn off the auto-hold function using the
control on the center console
3. Turn off the parking brake's automatic function in the center display's Top view (tap
Settings, tap My CarParking
Brake and Suspension and deselectAuto Activate Parking Brake)
4. Put the gear selector in N
5. Switch off the ignition by turning the start knob to STOP and holding it in this posi-
tion for at least 4 seconds
The vehicle will then be able to roll freely.

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MAINTENANCE AND SERVICING
* Option/accessory.
526 2. Finish by rubbing the wheel with absorbent
paper or a towel.
Type 3 (dry soil or dust)
1. Remove the soil/dust with a soft brush.
2. Same procedure as for type I stains.
CAUTION
Sharp objects, such as rings, could damage the leather on the steering wheel.
Leather panels *Leather should be allowed to breath. Never cover the upper side of the dashboard or door panelswith a plastic protector. Ask your Volvo retailerabout Leather Care Kit 951 0251 and LeatherSoftener 943 7429.
Spots on interior plastic, metal, or wood
surfaces
Cleaning interior plastic components should bedone with a moist microfiber cloth. Consult yourVolvo retailer.
CAUTION
• Do not use cleaning agents with high alcohol content such as washer fluid toclean instrument panel glass.
• Never spray cleaning agents or waterdirectly onto components with electricalbuttons or controls. Clean components ofthis type by applying the cleaning agent/water sparingly to a cloth and wiping thecomponents so that no liquid penetratesinto these components.
Cleaning the seat beltsClean only with lukewarm water and a mild soap solution.
Cleaning floor matsThe floor mats should be vacuumed or brushedclean regularly, especially during winter whenthey should be taken out for drying. Spots on tex-tile mats can be removed with a mild detergent.For best protection in winter, Volvo recommendsthe use of Volvo rubber floor mats. Consult yourVolvo retailer.
WARNING
•
Never use more than one floor mat at a time on the driver's floor. Before driving,remove the original mat from the driver'sseat floor before using any other type offloor mat. Any mat used in this positionshould be securely and properly anchoredin the attaching pins. An extra mat on thedriver's floor can cause the acceleratorand/or brake pedal to catch. Check thatthe movement of these pedals is notimpeded.
• Volvo's floor mats are specially manufac-tured for your car. They must be firmlysecured in the clips on the floor so thatthey cannot slide and become trappedunder the pedals on the driver's side.
Related information
• Cleaning the center display (p. 527)